ITU Workshop on Quality of Service of Regulatory

ITU Workshop on "Quality of Service of Regulatory and Operational Issues“ (Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014) ITU-T overview Global standards by consensus Hiroshi OTA Study Group Advisor, ITU/TSB hiroshi. ota@itu. int Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

ITU: UN Agency for ICTs Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

ITU : enabling communication since 1865 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 2015 3

ITU: a unique Membership 193 Member States and regulatory bodies 750+ companies 81 Universities and Research Establishments Business associations International organizations NGOs Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

Leading Private Sector Members Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 5

ITU’S network of academia members 81 universities (60 ITU-T) in 42 countries Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 6

Academia members Rights ü ü Access to all ITU-T Study Groups Submit contributions Leading positions: rapporteur or editor Unlimited participation of delegates Benefits ü Working with Member States and regulatory bodies from all around the world ü Meeting key players in the ICT industry ü Partner with the most innovative research institutes and universities Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 7

ITU is international organization with an established global presence ITU 5 Elected Officials 760 Staff from 80 Countries 6 UN Official Languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish Headquarters in Geneva with Liaison Office in New York Regional offices in Addis Ababa, Bangkok, Brasilia, Cairo Area offices in Bridgetown, Dakar, Harare, Jakarta, Moscow, Santiago, Tegucigalpa, Yaoundé Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 8

ITU’s 3 Sectors: Standards, Radiocommunications and Development ITU-T Standardization ITU-D Development ITU-R Radiocommunication Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014

ITU-T’s strategic goals § To develop interoperable, nondiscriminatory international standards (ITU-T Recommendations) § To assist in bridging the standardization gap between developed and developing countries § To extend and facilitate international cooperation among international, regional and national standardization bodies Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 Malcolm Johnson TSB Director 10

Bridging the Standardization Gap (BSG) § BSG is one of the three strategic goals of ITU-T § The gap is defined as the disparities in the ability of developing countries, relative to developed ones, to access, implement, contribute to and influence international ICT standards, specifically ITU‐T Recommendations. § Bridging the standardization gap: PP Res 123, WTSA Res 44 and WTDC Res 47 § Details will be provided in the following presentation Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 11

ITU-T collaborates with standards organizations to avoid overlap 40+ formal partnerships Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 12

ITU-T work areas Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

ITU-T Study Groups SG 2 Operational aspects SG 3 Economic and policy issues SG 5 Environment and climate change SG 9 Broadband cable and TV SG 11 Protocols and test specifications SG 12 Performance, Qo. S and Qo. E SG 13 Future networks & clould SG 15 Transport, access and home SG 16 Multimedia SG 17 Security Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

Some hot topics from each Study Group Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

Numbering Resources SG 2 ITU-T Recommendation E. 164 “International public telecommunication numbering plan” UAE +971 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 Current Issues: § Misuse/misappropriation of numbers (WTSA Resolution 61) § CPND, CLI and OI (WTSA Res. 65) § character input methods for various ICT devices § New application of E. 212 § Telecom Finance § Telecommunication Management § Telecommunications for disaster relief/early warning, network resilience and recovery 16

Human Factors, usability and accessibility SG 2 for persons with disabilities § Human Factors and ICT accessibility for persons with disabilities Ø Question 4/2 “Human Factors related issues for the improvement of the quality of life through international telecommunications” Ø Usability for all, persons who may or may not have disability. § Joint Coordination Activity for Accessibility and Human Factors: raises awareness and contributes to better collaboration and cooperation among Study Groups Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 17

SG 2 ITU’s most famous accessibility standard § ITU-T E. 161 (2001): “Bump” on key “ 5” § Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 “To assist blind and visually impaired people… and others to facilitate dialing under low light conditions” 18

Tariff and Accounting SG 3 Current Issues: International Internet connectivity (IIC) International Mobile Roaming Alternative Calling Procedures Dispute Resolution Economics of Transition to IPv 6 Photo by Steve Schroeder, CC BY-NC 2. 0 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 19

ICTs, the Environment and Climate Change SG 5 Electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic effects ICTs and climate change (including, inter alia, e-waste, energy efficiency, climate change adaptation and mitigation) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 20

E-waste is the fastest growing waste stream 67 53 SG 5 million metric tons of electrical and electronic equipment put in the market million metric tons e-waste disposed of worldwide For every 1 million cell phones that are recycled, 16 tons of copper, 350 kilos of silver, 34 kilos of gold and 15 kilos of palladium can be recovered. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 Source: United Nations University and United States Environmental 21 Protection Agency

SG 5 One adapter size fits all Saves 82, 000 tons of e-waste per year Saves at least 13. 6 million tonnes of CO 2 emissions annually Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 22

SG 5 Recycling Rare Metals in ICT Products 20 Rare Metals in a mobile phone 1 ton gold ore 5 grams 1 ton of used mobile phones 400 grams Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 23

SG 5 Best Practices for Green Data Centres Best practices related to optimum design and construction; Efficient use and management of data centres, taking into account both power and cooling equipment. For example, applying best practices to cooling could reduce the energy consumption of a typical data centre by more than 50%. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 24

SG 5 Common set of methodologies for the environmental impact assessment of ICT § Without, it will be impossible to provide meaningful comparisons § Helps to establish the business case to go green Developed in cooperation with UNFCCC Secretariat, EC and over 40 other organizations etc. . 4 Recommendations published - available on the ITU-T website: § L. 1400 Overview and general principles § L. 1410 Environmental impact of ICT goods, networks and services § L. 1420 Environmental impact of ICT in organizations § L. 1430 Environmental impact of ICT projects 2 Recommendations under preparation: § L. 1440 Environmental impact of ICT in cities (consent expected in 2014) § L. 1450 Environmental impact of ICT in countries (consent expected in 2015) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 25

Television and integrated broadband cable networks SG 9 § Telecommunication systems for broadcasting of television and § § § sound programs (e. g. , IPTV) Use of CATV networks to provide interactive video services, telephone and data services, including Internet access (e. g. cable modems, set top boxes, APIs) Quality assessment of video and multimedia over cable networks (IRG AVQA launched in December 2013, jointly managed by SG 9, SG 12 and ITU-R SG 6) Transmission of Large Screen Digital Imagery (LSDI and new services such as 3 DTV and Ultra High Definition TV) Conditional Access (e. g. protection of subscription services etc. ) Smart Cable Television (FG on Smart Cable TV successfully concluded in December 2013) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 26

Signalling requirements, protocols and Test specifications SG 11 Lead Study Group on: § signalling and protocols § machine-to-machine (M 2 M) signalling and protocol § test specifications, conformance and interoperability testing Parent Study Group for § FG M 2 M service layer (successfully concluded 12/2013) § JCA on Conformance and Interoperability testing Research area: § Signaling protocols for IP-based networks, NGN, M 2 M, Io. T, Cloud Computing, Smart Grid, SDN § Requirements and test specifications (e. g. SIP-IMS profile, cloud interoperability testing, NGN, etc. ) § Testing laboratory recognition procedure § Measurements of Internet speed Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 27

SG 11 SG 13 SG 16 Miniaturization and cost per unit Internet of Things Time “The Internet of Things” (ITU, 2005) www. itu. int/internetofthings Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 28

SG 12 Performance, Qo. S and Qo. E § Lead study group on Ø Quality of service and quality of experience Ø Driver distraction and voice aspects of car communications § Qo. S and Qo. E for the full spectrum of terminals, networks and services ranging from speech over fixed circuit-based networks to multimedia applications over networks that are mobile and packet based § Operational aspects of Qo. S and Qo. E, the end-to-end quality aspects of interoperability, and the development of multimedia quality assessment methodologies, both subjective and objective § Hot topics and details will be given in the next presentation Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 29

SG 13 Future networks including cloud computing, mobile and next-generation networks § Lead study group on Ø Ø Future networks Mobility management and NGN Cloud computing Software-Defined Networking (SDN) § Big data in the context of clould computing § Output from SG 13 includes Ø Y. 3001 (05/2011) “Future networks: Objectives and design goals” Ø Y. 2001 (12/2004) “General overview of NGN” with its revised functional architecture Y. 2012 (04/2010) “Functional requirements and architecture of next generation networks” Ø Y. 3501(05/2013) “Cloud computing framework and high-level requirements” Ø Y. 2060 (06/2012) “Overview of the Internet of things” and Y. 3300 (06/2014) “Framework of Software-Defined Networking” Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 30

SG 13 ITU-T Cloud Computing From own to lease Growth opportunity for Telcos Security, Audit, and Privacy Inter-Cloud § Load sharing § Disaster recovery The Economist, Oct 2009 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 31

SG 13 Cloud Computing Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 32

ITU Internet Broadband Access &Transport Standards SG 15 Access: § ADSL: ITU-T G. 992. x § FTTX: § XGPON (10 G) ITU-T G. 987. x § NG-PON 2 (40 G) ITU-T G. 989. x § Bendable fibers: ITU-T G. 657 § G. fast: ITU-T G. 9700, G. 9701 Optical Transport: § Beyond 100 G bit/s § Ethernet/MPLS-TP for operators § Synchronization for packet Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 33

Smart Grid Communication SG 15 ITU-T G. 9901 (04/2014): Narrow-band OFDM power line communication transceivers - Power spectral density (PSD) specification. ITU-T G. 9902 (G. hnem) (10/2012): Narrow-band OFDM power line communication transceivers – G. hnem Cenelec A, B, CD, and FCC. ITU-T G. 9903 (G 3 -PLC) (02/2014): Narrow-band OFDM power line communication transceivers – G 3 -PLC Cenelec A, B, FCC and ARIB bandplan. ITU-T G. 9904 (PRIME) (10/2012): Narrow-band OFDM power line communication transceivers – PRIME Cenelec A. ITU-T G. 9905 (08/2013): Centralized metric-based source routing Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 34

SG 16 Multimedia Advanced video coding: ITU-T H. 264 Used to compress billions of clips on You. Tube, but also high-definition content on Blu-ray Discs High Efficiency Video Coding: ITU-T H. 265 Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (ITU-T, ISO/IEC); reduces H. 264 data rate by 50% Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 35

SG 16 IPTV § ITU-T suite of IPTV standards discussed – global & open standards, end to end solution § Global Standards Initiative (IPTV-GSI) Ø http: //www. itu. int/en/ITU-T/gsi/iptv/Pages/default. aspx § ITU organized interoperability testing and/or showcasing events in Geneva, Singapore, India, Brazil, United Arab Emirates since 2010 § 3 rd ITU IPTV Application Challenge launched with International Paralympic Committee (IPC) § ITU IPTV IPv 6 Global Testbed (I 3 GT) connects sites worldwide to test various aspects of ITU-T’s IPTV standards and related technologies. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 36

Multimedia and Accessibility for persons with disabilities SG 16 § SG 16 - lead study group on telecommunication/ICT accessibility for persons with disabilities. Ø Question Q 26/16 is the group specifically designated to deal with Accessibility to Multimedia Systems and Services for persons with disabilities. Ø responsible for developing (or assisting in the development of) multimedia technical standards addressing accessibility needs of persons with disabilities Ø It also reviews accessibility features included in telecom standards developed in other Study Groups § Other groups of experts under SG 16: Focus Group on Audiovisual Media Accessibility (FG AVA) successfully concluded in October 2013 § 3 rd ITU IPTV Application Challenge : Better quality of life with international standards: an accessible world for all Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 37

Conformance and Interoperability § One of ITU-T’s strategic objective is to produce non-discriminatory, international interoperable standard § Conformity to ITU standards significantly increase the probability of interoperability of tested equipment, services and systems § To ensure their interoperability, products from different vendors should undergo conformity testing to standards: Ø ITU-T conformity database: voluntary, informative showcasing of products conformant to ITU-T Recommendations § ITU C&I Portal includes all information about ITU activities on C&I Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 38

ITU Interop Events § § § ITU IPTV Interop testing and/or showcasing events G. hn Interop test event APT/ITU joint Interop events on NGN and IPTV E-health Interop events Performance assessment of vehicle-mounted mobile phones in conjunction with Hands-free Terminals (Geneva, 12 -16 May 2014) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 39

Cybersecurity & Identity SG 17 Strengthen the confidence and security in the use of ICTs Strengthen cybersecurity and combat cyber threats The Economist, July 2010 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 Identity Management ITU X. 509 compliant services Child Online Protection CAP (Common Alerting Protocol) V. 1. 2 – X. 1303 bis 40

ITU-T Focus Groups (FG) § Quick development of specifications in chosen areas § Addressing industry needs § Participation is open Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 41

ITU-T Focus Groups § Aviation Applications of Cloud Computing for § § § Flight Data Monitoring (New!) Digital Financial Services (New!) Bridging the Gap: from Innovation to Standards Smart Sustainable Cities Smart Water Management Disaster Relief Systems, Network Resilience and Recovery (concluded 06/2014) M 2 M Service Layer (concluded 12/2013) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 42

FG Aviation Cloud Focus Group on Aviation Applications of Cloud Computing for Flight Data Monitoring Tasks include v Collect and compile, store information on current state of cloud computing and big data analytics v Identify and describe aviation use cases and scenarios for cloud computing and big data, e. g. , flight management system; engine monitoring system; integrated flight information system; automatic terminal information system; weather information system v Review feasibility of using commercial in-flight connectivity solutions to enable aviation use cases for cloud computing and big data v Work in close collaboration with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the aviation community Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014

FG Aviation Cloud v Chairman Mrs Norizan Baharin, Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC); Vice-chairman Mr Zhu Yanbo, Aviation Data Communication Corporation (ADCC), China v First Meeting: 1 -3 December 2014, Impiana KLCC Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia v More information at http: //itu. int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/ac v Open to ITU members and non-members – Your participation and input will be appreciated! v ITU Contact : Mr Martin Adolph, martin. adolph@itu. int v Subscribe to FG mailing list on website for updates Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014

FG Digital Financial Services GOAL: Recommend a standardization roadmap for interoperable digital financial services for financial inclusion. Objectives v Identify the technology trends in digital financial services over the coming years and how the role of various stakeholders in this ecosystem will evolve. v Establish liaisons and relationships with other organizations. v Describe the ecosystem for digital financial services. v Suggest future ITU-T study items and related actions for various ITU-T study groups v Identify successful use cases for implementation of secure digital financial services including developing countries with a particular focus on the benefits for women. v Study the best practices related to policies, regulatory frameworks, consumer and fraud protection, business models and ecosystems for digital financial services. v Work towards the creation of an enabling framework for digital financial services. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014

Focus Group on Digital Financial Services (FGDFS) v Chaired by Sacha Polverini, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation v First Meeting: 5 December 2014, ITU, Geneva v Workshop on Digital Financial Services and Financial Inclusion: 4 December 2014, ITU, Geneva v Create a platform for dialogue between telecom regulator, financial services regulator and operators. v ITU Contact : Vijay Mauree, Programme Coordinator, E-mail: vijay. mauree@itu. int v Web: http: //www. itu. int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/dfs/ v Subscribe to FG mailing list on website v Terms of Reference Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014

ITU-T Output Ø 3500 ITU-T Recommendations available in PDF for free download ØITU Workshops ØTechnical papers ØTechnology Watch Reports ØITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conferences Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 47

Tech. Watch to publish your research § Tech. Watch Reports identify ICT hot topics § Output contributed to creation of new Focus Groups, Study Group Questions, workshops, discussions, etc. § Widely recognized inside and outside ITU Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 http: //itu. int/techwatch 48

Climate Change Reports: Identifying standards and policy needs http: //itu. int/climatechange/publications. html Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 49

ITU Kaleidoscope academic conferences § International events bringing academia, governments, and industry together § Brainstorming on future ICT networks and services § Rigorous, double-blind, peer-review process § Top 3 papers win prize money totaling USD$ 10, 000 Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 50

ITU Kaleidoscope 2014 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation 3 -5 June 2014 34 accepted papers (out of 98 submitted) were presented at the conference, published in the conference proceedings & in IEEE Xplore, and considered for publication in a special edition of IEEE Communication Magazine 3 Keynote Speakers 3 Invited Papers 2 Special Sessions 2 Side events on Education about Standardization ITU Kaleidoscope 2015 - we are looking for a host country and host university - any interest? Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 … featuring Kaleidoscope 2013 held in Japan 51

TSB Director’s Ad hoc Group on Education about Standardization (1/2) Ø The need to address international ICT standardization in academic curricula is vital for the students of today, as they will become the experts driving the standardization processes of tomorrow. Ø It aims to investigate academia’s approach toward ICT standardization, with a view to increasing the significance assigned to the subject in academic curricula. Last meeting: back to back with ITU Kaleidoscope 2014 http: //itu. int/go/standardseducation Workshops on Education about Standardization are organized jointly with academia and relevant institutions interested in collaborating with ITU-T to advance standards education worldwide. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 52

TSB Director’s Ad hoc Group on Education about Standardization (2/2) § Secretariat Mailbox: tsbstdsedu@itu. int § Mailing list: standardsedu@lists. itu. int How to subscribe to the mailing list: § An account is needed… § Members: use a TIES account (members-only) Ø For creating/managing TIES accounts, see http: //itu. int/TIES/ § Non-members: create or use a Guest account Ø For instruction on creating a Guest account, see http: //itu. int/ITU-T/edh/faqs-guest. html § Once you have a TIES or Guest account, you can subscribe to the mailing list using the ITU-T Electronic Registration and Subscription Service: Ø http: //itu. int/ITU-T/services Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 53

Accessibility and ITU-T standardization 1/2 § Information handling capability varies for all ICT users § Everyone can benefit from accessibility standards § ITU-T’s accessibility work ensures that all newly developed standards contain the necessary elements to make services and features usable for people with as broad range of capabilities as possible § Standards should also describe suitable methods of media delivery for people with disabilities, and are therefore essential for the provision of services accessible for all Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 54

ITU and Accessibility § Champions principles of Universal Design enshrined in the UN Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities § Includes accessibility features in all standards § Strong advocacy focus § Regular workshops and demos, showcase Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 55

Accessibility and ITU-T standardization 2/2 Other experts groups (not mentioned under the Study Group section) § Intersector Rapporteur Group on Audiovisual Media Accessibility (IRGAVA) (newly launched 25 February 2014): studies topics related to audiovisual media accessibility and aims at developing draft Recommendations for "Access Systems" that can be used for all media delivery systems, including broadcast, cable, Internet, and IPTV. § Dynamic Coalition on Accessibility and Disability (DCAD) on Internet Governance: facilitates interaction and ensures that ICT accessibility is organized workshops and activities at IGF events. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 56

4 th ITU Green Standards Week 22 -26 September 2014 – Beijing, China Main Purpose: § to raise awareness of the importance and opportunities of using ICT standards to build a green economy and shape smart sustainable cities. Overview: § Forum on Green ICT for a sustainable resource efficient economy § Forum on E-waste: the inconvenient truth § Forum on Setting the vision for smart sustainable cities § Forum on Using EMF to achieve the smartest sustainable city § Meeting of SG 5 Regional Group for Asia and the Pacific Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 57

ITU/WMO/UNESCO IOC Joint Task Force (JTF) on the use of submarine cable systems for climate change monitoring and disaster (tsunami) warning Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union

The Initiative The deep ocean is largely unknown…. § How could submarine cables be used as a real- time global network to monitor climate change and to provide tsunami warnings? § A new generation of regional scientific cabled ocean observatories is emerging at a few selected sites, but there is a need and opportunity to extend observations and monitoring over much wider area of the global oceans. § Submarine telecommunication cables equipped with sensors to measure key variables such as water temperature, pressure and acceleration on the ocean floor are viewed as vital to monitor climate change and to provide tsunami warnings. Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 59

The Initiative § “Using submarine telecommunications cables for ocean and climate monitoring and disaster warning” § ITU (International Telecommunication Union) with UNESCO’s (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation’s) IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), and the WMO (World Meteorological Organization) § Established a task force Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 60

ITU/WMO/UNESCO-IOC Joint Task Force § § Agreed on its Terms of Reference and was tasked, inter alia: § with developing a strategy and roadmap that could lead to enabling the availability of submarine repeaters equipped with scientific sensors for climate monitoring and disaster risk reduction for tsunamis, and § to analyse the potential renovation and use of out-of-service cables for this purpose. It is composed of more than 70 international experts from the science, engineering, business and law communities. § Chair: Chris Barnes, Professor Emeritus, University of Victoria (Canada) § Vice-Chair: David Meldrum, Research Fellow, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) and JCOMM Observations Programme Area (UNESCO -IOC) Details are at http: //www. itu. int/en/ITU-T/climatechange/task-forcesc/Pages/default. aspx Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 61

Joint Task Force Members § § § § § Alcatel-Lucent AQEST Arctic Fibre Inc Axiom BT Design Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Science, U. S. Department of State Climate Associates ETH-Zurich European Seas Observatory NETwork (ESONET) France Telecom Marine Fujitsu Gartner Inc. GNS Science Huawei Marine Networks CO. , LTD Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation System in the North Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and connected Seas (ICG/NEAMTWS) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC) Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 § § § § International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) Libya, Ministry of Communications and Informatics Mallin Consultants Ltd. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Greece NASA National Authority for Management and Regulation in Communication of Romania National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NEC Corporation Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea, Utrecht University School of Law Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (OOPC) Puertos del Estado, Spain Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) § § § § § § Scripps Institution of Oceanography Sea-Bird Electronics Sea Risk Solutions LLC Swiss Maritime Navigation Office (SMNO) TE Sub. Com Teledyne ODI / Teledyne Oil & Gas Telefónica International Wholesale Services UN Office of Law and Sea (DOALOS) University of Hawaii University of Milano-Bicocca University of Stockholm University of Sydney University of Tokyo University of Victoria University of Washington U. S. Geological Survey Vrije Universiteit Brussels Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) WILTSHIRE & GRANNIS LLP World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Ocean Council (WOC) Zimbabwe National Water Authority 62

Thank you xx. xxx@itu. int hiroshi. ota@itu. int Dubai, UAE, 2 -3 November 2014 International Telecommunication Union