IT 519 Introduction to Programming Using C Glen

IT 519 Introduction to Programming Using C# Gülşen Demiröz

Summary of the Course Introduction to programming and algorithms We will learn how to develop object oriented programs using the C# programming language on Microsoft ®. NET Platform We will also learn few classes from the Microsoft ®. NET Framework Library as needed

Course Information Website: http: //myweb. sabanciuniv. edu/gulsend/su_current_courses/it-528/ Instructor: Gülşen Demiröz, FENS L 026, x 9559, gulsend@sabanciuniv. edu Lectures: Thursdays 19: 00 – 22: 00 at Karakoy Center Saturdays 13: 00 - 16: 00, FENS G 032 Textbooks Visual C# 2008 How to Program, 3 rd Edition, (ISBN: 013605322 X), by Harvey & Paul Deitel C# 2008 for Programmers, 3 rd Edition, (ISBN: 0137144156), by Paul J. Deitel & Harvey M. Deitel Inside C#, 2 nd Edition, (ISBN: 0735616485), by Tom Archer & Andrew Whitechapel CLR via C#, 2 nd. Edition, (ISBN: 0137144156), by Jeffrey Richter Lecture Notes: http: //myweb. sabanciuniv. edu/gulsend/su_current_courses/it 519/lecture-notes/ I can also upload them to SUCourse if you wish Grading: Midterm (30%): 4 th week of the course (24 October 13: 00) Final Exam (40% ): Last (7 th) week of the course (14 November 13: 00) Homeworks (30% total): 2 homework will be assigned and they are of equal weight Homework: programming homework, zip the whole solution and send it to me via SUCourse Exams: programming exams on your laptops in the class, then you e-mail me

About Me & then You Work Experience 1997 -2008 Microsoft Corporation, Redmond WA, USA Senior Development Lead (Microsoft Online Services) Senior Design Engineer (Office Outlook) Software Test Lead (Windows Networking) Software Design Engineer (Windows Networking) Education M. Sc. , Bilkent University, Computer Engineering and Information Science, 1997 B. S. , Bilkent University, Computer Engineering and Information Science, 1995

Course Outline Introduction (algorithms, programming languages, . NET Platform, Common Language Runtime, Framework, assemblies, packaging) How to use Visual Studio® 2008 A program’s structure, basic data types, arithmetic operations (precedence), assignment, implicit casting, console input/output . NET Type System (value types vs. reference types), memory concepts, garbage collector (GC) Classes I (constructors-destructor, properties, access modifiers) Methods (overloading, pass-by-reference, scope of variables, static methods, operator overloading) Control statements (if-else, switch, while, for, do-while) Classes II (inheritance, abstract classes, interfaces, is-as) Arrays, Collections (foreach, indexers, anonymous types) Strings and String. Builder Exception Handling Delegates and Event Handlers Files and Streams (XML files) Generics, Generic Collections

Before we start, let’s install Visual Studio 2008 Fast Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Very good user interface (UI) design easy to find compiler errors and debugging Let’s install it, detailed instructions on course’s web site: http: //myweb. sabanciuniv. edu/gulsend/su_current_courses/it 519/

Algorithms Arabic-originated word Step-by-step process that solves a problem do this, then do that, . . . eventually stops with an answer general process rather than specific to a programming language Example: cooking rice (pirinc pilavi) Issues correctness complexity and efficiency I picked a number between 1 and 100 You will guess it I’ll respond “high”, “low”, “correct”. how many guesses needed (worst case)?

Example Algorithm - Find the minimum Initial list: 4 6 7 3 9 1 4 5 Should we sort? 1 3 4 4 5 6 7 9 The minimum is the first one Optimal algorithm - About n operations Pick 4 as the minimum Compare 4 to 6 - min is still 4 Compare 4 to 7 - min is still 4 Compare 4 to 3 - Pick 3 as the minimum Compare 3 to 9 - min is still 3 Compare 3 to 1 - Pick 1 as the minimum Compare 1 to 4 - min is still 1 Compare 1 to 5 - We are done and the minimum is 1

Basic Program Development Steps Analyze Problem Develop Algorithm Design Program Write pseudocode on paper Code over the computer Source Code Compile & Build Correct it Syntax Errors? Yes No Run Correct Results? Correct (Debug) No Yes - Done

Development at Microsoft I will talk more about it whenever we get a chance Release 4 -12 weeks each M 0 • Plan • Schedule • Design (Architecture) M 1 M 2 Implement • Code reviews • Unit testing M 3 Stabilize • Testing • Bug fixing

Programming Languages We solve problems with algorithms Then we use computers to run these algorithms For this, we need programming languages to interact with the computer’s hardware Computers represent data in numeric format Internal representation (at the lowest level) is in binary form: 0 and 1 (4=100, 5=101) 0 and 1’s are stored in a bit, 8 bits is called a byte Programs are set of instructions that process data These low level instructions are also in binary (0 and 1) machine language: not human readable and programmable! Rather than instruct computers at the level of 0’s and 1’s, higher level languages have been developed. Flexible and easier programming Compilers translate a high level language, such as C, into machine-specific executable program (0 s and 1 s)

C, C++ and Java C first gained widespread recognition as the development language of the UNIX operating system. C++ took the C language and provided capabilities for objectoriented programming (OOP). Objects are reusable software components that model items in the real world. Object-oriented programs are often easier to understand, correct and modify. Sun Microsystems began development of the Java programming language in 1991. Java is now used to develop large-scale enterprise applications. 12

C# (read as “C Sharp”) C# was designed specifically for the. NET platform as a language that would enable programmers to migrate easily to. NET. C# is object oriented and has access to a powerful class library of prebuilt components. It has roots in C, C++ and Java, adapting the best features of each. Microsoft introduced C# along with its. NET strategy in 2000. The. NET platform allows applications to be distributed to a variety of devices. 13

. NET Platform Provides programmers to develop their components in any language and easily share them (old way: COM). Very rapid development with the help of already built-in classes or platforms. Applications in any. NET-compatible language can interact with each other. The. NET strategy allows programmers to concentrate on their specialties without having to implement every component of every application. End to DLL hell with versioning.

Compiling C/C++ old languages compiling code. cpp Assembly language C#. NET languages code. cs code. vb C# compiler VB. NET compiler Intermediate Language (MSIL) + metadata JIT compiler Machine language. exe Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Common Language Runtime (CLR) Programs are compiled first into Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) and metadata. This is called a managed module. Then the just-in-time (JIT) compiler translates the MSIL in the executable file into machine-language code. CLR does not need to know which language was used. Once the code is compiled into machine-language by the JIT, it is not needed to be compiled again. End users need CLR on their machine to execute managed code, which comes with the. NET Framework installation.

Automatic Memory Management One of the services that the common language runtime provides during Managed Execution. Allocation and releasing of memory is managed by the CLR: Garbage collection. No more memory leaks

Visual Studio 2008 Fast Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Very good user interface (UI) design easy to find compiler errors and debugging Heavy visual support to develop UI Let’s install it, detailed instructions on course’s web site: http: //myweb. sabanciuniv. edu/gulsend/su_current_courses/it 519/