Issues of Scale Using Color Scale Issues What

What is map scale? The scale of a map is the relationship between a

$Map Scales Verbal scale “One cm represents 100 km” Bar scales (graphical) Representative fraction$

Representative Fraction A 0. 025 inch line on a 1: 24, 000 scale map

Scale Issues Beware of scale statements 1: 200 (“one to two hundred”) does this

Scale Issues large scale vs. small scale To a geographer: 1: 2, 000 is

Importance of Scale of data plays an important role, and frequently causes problems All

Scale Issues Data from different sources and scales can vary widely 1: 100, 000

Scale Issues 1: 1, 000 scale data from DCW (DMA)

Scale Issues 1: 2, 000 scale data from USGS DLG

Displaying data: colors What can color do? Label Measure Represent or imitate reality Beautify

Displaying data: colors Primary home heating fuel. U. S. Department of Commerce From Tufte

Color Blindness http: //jfly. iam. u-tokyo. ac. jp/color/

Redundant Coding http: //jfly. iam. u-tokyo. ac. jp/color/

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University http: //www.

Homework Read: “Creating Feature Datasets & Vector Editing” & “Creating and Modifying Tables” Start

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Issues of Scale Using Color

Scale Issues

What is map scale? The scale of a map is the relationship between a unit of length on the map and a unit of length on the ground.

$Map Scales Verbal scale “One cm represents 100 km” Bar scales (graphical) Representative fraction$

Map Scales Verbal scale “One cm represents 100 km” Bar scales (graphical) Representative fraction (RF) 1: 24, 000

Representative Fraction A 0. 025 inch line on a 1: 24, 000 scale map represents 50 ft (600 in) on the ground A 0. 025 inch line on a 1: 200, 000 scale map represents almost 417 ft on the ground

Scale Issues Beware of scale statements 1: 200 (“one to two hundred”) does this mean unit-to-unit (one inch on the map equals 200 inches on the ground) or not unit-to-unit (one inch on the map equals 200 feet on the ground) For this course, all scale statements will be assumed unit-to-unit

Scale Issues large scale vs. small scale To a geographer: 1: 2, 000 is small scale 1: 200 is large scale

Importance of Scale of data plays an important role, and frequently causes problems All spatial phenomena have scale dependent behavior/properties Be aware of: Data source scale Mixing data from different source scales Appropriateness of output scale

Scale Issues Data from different sources and scales can vary widely 1: 100, 000 scale data from USGS DLG

Scale Issues 1: 1, 000 scale data from DCW (DMA)

Scale Issues 1: 2, 000 scale data from USGS DLG

Using Color

Displaying data: colors What can color do? Label Measure Represent or imitate reality Beautify From Tufte 1990 Wabern, 1983

Displaying data: colors Primary home heating fuel. U. S. Department of Commerce From Tufte 1990

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1997

Displaying data: colors Fro

Color Blindness

Color Blindness http: //jfly. iam. u-tokyo. ac. jp/color/

Color Models RGB�

Color Models CMYK�

Redundant Coding

Redundant Coding http: //jfly. iam. u-tokyo. ac. jp/color/

Color Schemes

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University http: //www. personal. psu. edu/faculty/c/a/cab 38/Color. Sch/Schemes. html