Issues and Challenges Faced by HIV Affected Women

Issues and Challenges Faced by HIV Affected Women and Girls in Thailand THE EVIDENCE

HIV, new infections and AIDS-related deaths, 1990 -2014 900, 000 Number (Estimate) 800, 000 700, 000 600, 000 500, 000 450, 000 400, 000 300, 000 200, 000 19, 000 7, 900 PLHIV [Estimate] New HIV infections [Estimate] 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 0 AIDS-related deaths [Estimate] Source: Prepared by www. aidsdatahub. org based on UNAIDS. (2015). HIV Estimates 1990 -2014 and www. aidsinfoonline. org 2

HIV, 1990 -2014 900, 000 Number (Estimate) 800, 000 700, 000 600, 000 500, 000 440, 000 400, 000 300, 000 200, 000 190, 000 100, 000 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 0 Adults (15+) living with HIV Women (15+) living with HIV Source: Prepared by www. aidsdatahub. org based on UNAIDS. (2015). HIV Estimates 1990 -2014 and www. aidsinfoonline. org 3

HIV prevalence among key populations, 2012 30 25. 2 25 20 %15 10 5 7. 1 2. 2 0 FSW MSM *PWID *2012 -2013 data from IBBS among PWID Source: Prepared by www. aidsdatahub. org based on 1. UNAIDS. (2013). Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic ; and 2. www. aidsinfoonline. org 4

HIV prevalence among MSM and transgender people in Bangkok and Chiang Mai, 2003 -2012 % 35 30 31. 3 30. 7 28. 3 24. 7 25 20 24. 4 17. 3 17. 6 15. 3 15 16. 9 16. 8 10 5 0 2003 2004 MSM Bangkok 2005 2006 2007 MSM Chiang Mai 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Transgender Chiang Mai Source: Prepared by www. aidsdatahub. org based on 1. K. Kladsawas, et al. Trends in HIV prevalence and risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bangkok, Thailand, 2003 to 2009. : AIDS 2010 - XVIII International AIDS Conference: Abstract no. TUAC 0203 ; 2. Jommaroeng, R. (2009). HIV infection among MSM in Thailand. Paper presented at the Tu. SM 18 HIV infection among MSM in developed East and Southeast Asia, Bangkok. ; 3. National AIDS Committee Thailand. (2012). Thailand Global AIDS Response Progress Report, 2012; and 4. Bureau of Epidemiology, Thailand. (2012). Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey 2012 5

Estimated adult new HIV infections by sub-population (AIDS Epidemic Model) Number 160, 000 140, 000 PWID 120, 000 Male sex with male 100, 000 Male from sex worker 80, 000 Male from wife 60, 000 Sex worker 40, 000 Female from Husband 20, 000 Extramarital 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 0 Source: Prepared by www. aidsdatahub. org based on Thailand Estimates and Projections (Unpublished) 6

People living with HIV, the Stigma Index– Thailand (UNAIDS, 2009) 34. 3% of the respondents indicated that they are restricted from participating in community activities 94. 9% of the respondents indicated that they were excluded from religious activities 32. 2% indicated that they had lost their jobs because of their HIV status 26. 2% of the respondents had been rejected from taking on new employment because of their HIV status A fifth of the respondents had been denied access to medical services

Main issues were discussed: Stigma and discrimination faced by children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS in school Problems of harassment of sex workers by police Stigma and discrimination at work place HIV positive migrant workers and their access to ARVs and for OI care Lack of awareness among government officials of their duties Forced blood testing Criminalization of HIV/AIDS