Israel at Seventy By Dr T H Chowdary

Israel at Seventy By Dr T. H. Chowdary Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies Chairman: Pragna Bharati (intellect India ) Former: Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited & Information Technology Advisor, Government of Andhra Pradesh T: +91(40) 6667 -1191(O) 2784 -3121® F: +91 (40) 6667 -1111 hanuman. chowdary@tcs. com Hyderabad : 14 May 2018

Only Country • Only country which drafts women into the army • Only country with woman as Chief Justice • One of the few ( Golda Meir) woman as PM (India, UK, Pak, Bangla, Philippines, Germany, Sweden, Argentina, Israel, Sri Lanka - 10) • One of 8 countries which loft Satellites into space Russia, USA< UK, France, China, India , Japan, Israel • Settlers in Y 1 SHUV setting up world famous universities before founding a state • Technion – 1912 • Weizman Inst. Of Science – 1934 • Hebrew ‘Varsity 24 -07 -1918 in JSLM THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 2

Israel in 2018 Area: Population: Ethnic groups (2018): • Total: 20, 770– 22, 072 • 2018 estimate : 8, 853, 100 (96 th) km 2 (8, 019– 8, 522 sq • 2008 census: 7, 412, 200[8] mi) (150 th) • Density : 401/km 2 • Water (%): 2. 1 (1, 038. 6/sq mi) (33 rd) 74. 5% Jewish 20. 9% Arab 4. 6% other Religion (2016): Government: 74. 7% Jewish 17. 7% Muslim 2. 0% Christian 1. 6% Druze 4. 0% other Gini (2013): 42. 8 medium · 49 th • President: Reuven Rivlin • Prime Minister: HDI (2015): Increase 0. 899 Benjamin Netanyahu very high · 19 th • Knesset Speaker : Yuli-Yoel Edelstein • Chief Justice: Esther Hayut (only country in the world – Lady as Chief Justice) THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 3

Israel in 2018 (contd…) GDP (PPP): 2018 estimate GDP (nominal): 2018 estimate Drives on the: right Calling code: +972 • Total: $334. 328 billion • Total : No Constitution ( like (54 th) $373. 751 billion (33 rd) UK) • Per capita: $37, 673 (35 th) • Per capita: $42, 115 (20 th) Official language: Hebrew THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 4

Re-found State • Israel refounded on May 1948 after about 2000 years of expulsion of its people by Imperial Rome. • UN Partition Resolution of Nov 1947 to create 2 -States Israel & Palestine on surrender of League of nations Mandate by Britain unable to cope with 3 -sided battles- Jews X Arabs X British Soldiers THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 5

Israel Arab territory • Arab nations attack in 1948, soon after Israel declares independence, spawning the Palestinian refuge crisis. Israel wins both the war and territory THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 Source: Timeasia, 25 March 2002. 1949 1948 -49 War 6

Israel Occupied territories • Egypt, Jordan and Syria mobilize against Israel, which thwarts the attack, taking over the West Bank, Sinia, Gaza and the Golan Heights. THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 Source: Timeasia, 25 March 2002. 1967 The Six-Day War 7

THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 8

Arab-Israel & Israel-Palestine Wars • 1948 – Five Arab Armies invaded Israel were defeated & driven back • 1956 – Egypt over Suez canal closure • 1967 - June 6 -Day war; 3 Armies (Egypt, Syria, Jordan) destroyed • 1973 – Yom Kippur, 1 day war: Egypt & Syria defeated, humiliated Arabs realise they can’t defeat Israel in war ( but can do so in the UN- Abba Eban ) & Israelis self-doubt-how long can they be invincible • Enriched by 350 mln Arabs & 1500 mln non-Arab Muslims with Palestinians 2 Intifadas from within – Hizbollah in Lebanon: 1982&2006 – Hamas in Gaza: 2004 and 2014 THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 9

Arab-Palestinian Wars • Two intifades from within 1987 & 2002 • Hizbullah in Lebanon 1982 and 2006 (34 days) • Hamas in Gaza, 2004 and 2014 ( 50 days) • Tunnel wars: • 100 s of tunnels between Gaza & Egypt • >30 between Gaza and Israel’s Negev • 1 DF used Robots, liquid fuels, solar powered drones • Robotic snakes • Spherical cameras THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 10

The Begin Doctrine • No Arab country ( or any Muslim country will be allowed to make nuclear weapons) • Iraq’s destroyed in June 1981 • Syria’s (S. Korea) destroyed in Y 2007 • Iran’s crippled by “injecting” Stuxnet, a malicious computer worm into SCADA • Thousands of centrifuges disabled • Scientists & engineers assassinated by Moassad • Waging Cyber Warfare i/c injection of viruses THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 11

Israel’s National Water Carrier Source: https: //www. google. co. in THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 12

National Water Carrier • Idea in 1938 • Water Laws • National Water Carrier network completed 1959 • 5% of GDP & 7/14% of population were engaged on construction • Negev desert blooms • Wells as deep as 1. 5 miles • All water-rain, rivers, lakes, aquifers, sewage belongs to nation • Desert recedes • Forests expand • Water manufactured & exported THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 13

Where Israel’s Water Comes From 350 Storm Water 3% (Billion Gallons) 300 Brackish Water 11% 250 200 Sewage 21% 150 100 Seawater 27% 50 Sea of Galilee 10% Aquifers 28% 0 Manufaactured Water 62% Natural Water 38% (Source: The Book, “Let There Be Water” by Seth M. Siegel) THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 14

Where Israel’s Water Goes 200 175 34% 33% Billion Gallons 150 125 21% 100 75 50 6% 5% 25 1% 0 Agriculture (Manufactured Water) Agriculture (Natural Water) Household Use Industry Palestinian Authoirty & Kingdom of Jordan Environment (Source: The Book, “Let There Be Water” by Seth M. Siegel) THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 15

New Agri-practices • Drip irrigation • Fertigation – water should be fertisers in the drip n/w • Nutrigation – Nutrients in drip n/w; sand or poo soil only to anchor plants’ roots • Irrigation on demand • Seed breeding for different soils in different climates & countries • Plants growing on brackish water • Arava desert in Negev: 400 farms; 55 well; 75% export; 50, 000 acres of desert under farms THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 16

The Start-up Saga • 3850 start-ups, one for 1844 Israelis (India should have 6, 16, 000 start-ups) • More Israeli companies listed on NASDAQ than all companies from the European continent ( 7 ml pop Vs 600 mln) • In 2008 per capita venture capital in Israel was – 2. 5 times USA; 30 times Europe; 80 times China; 350 times India! THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 17

$ US Venture Capital Investments per Capita Source: The book, Start-up Nation- The Story of Israel’s Economic Miracle by Dan Senor and Saul Singer (Source: Dow Jones, Venture Source: Thomson Reuters; U. S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Fact Book, 2007, 18 2008 THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 )

Percentage(%) of GDP Civilian R&D Expenditure (2000 -2005) Source: The book, Start-up Nation- The Story of Israel’s Economic Miracle by Dan Senor and Saul Singer Source: UNDO (United Nations Development Programme) Report, 2007/2008 THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 19

Number of companies Companies on NASDAQ (2009) Source: The book, Start-up Nation- The Story of Israel’s Economic Miracle by Dan Senor and Saul Singer THC_CTMSSource: NASDAQ, http: www. nasdaq. com/asp; S 756_May 2018 20 non. Us. Outpur. asp. may 2009 and

Some Brilliant Ideas for Start-ups (1) • Oil-less world; co: Better place (All) Electric cars; Charging grid • A million parking place grid • Agassi raised $200 mln; 5 th largest start-up in the world. • Agassi’s Top-Tier start-up sold for $ 400 mln to SAP for Better place. THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 21

Some Brilliant Ideas for Start-ups (2) • Pay Pal, the largest Internet payment system in the world • Fraud sciences co invented the Pay Paul • e-Bay $18 bln sales, 16, 000 employees around the world • Check- point: Israel start-up is $ 5 bln worth • Intel’s largest R&D unit located in Israel, headed by Israelis. • Google: Founder –Sergey Brin Russian Jew in US THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 22

Some Brilliant Ideas & Start-ups (3) • • • CISCO’s R&D centuries in 1997 - 1 st outside US Fastest Router CRS#1 Library of Congress download in 4. 6 secs (a dial-up modem will take 82 years) CISCO spent $ 1. 2 bln to buy & invest in Israel ISCAR: Israel’s machine tool company Warren Buffet, 2 nd richest in world 52 hrs in Israel, bought ISCAR for $ 4. 5 bln – supplier to 67 countries Intel: Froman (Jew) left new design center in Haifa in Y 1974 with 5 chip design – Invest $ 3. 5 bln – 30 mn Xtors on a pin-head (Y 2006 Lebanon fired 4228 rockets in 60 days; 70/day) • Venture caps: BIRD, GEMINI : – Invested $ 250 mln in 780 projects – Sold: $ 8 bln ( 32 fold gain) • Israel venture Assn. – 45 venture capital funds – 240 venture companies investing in Israel THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 23

Some Brilliant Ideas for Start-ups (4) The price of dependence – Charles Degave after 1967 war The Merkava Tank – 1978 Roll-out now 4 th Gen Nesher- Israel’s version of Mirage KFIR first flown in 1973 (bombed Iraq) Lavi fighter Jet Implantable, artificial pancreas to treat diabetes Pil. CAM: 18 photos/sec, for hours from deep within the intestines ( gastro-intestinal tract) Olympus makes cameras in a pill • Compugen – Human genome sequencing - Merck bought this co • • THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 24

Some Brilliant Ideas for Start-ups (5) • Aespironics : Inhaler, credit card-sixe includes a breath powered wind turbine • Beta : 0: implantable “bio-reator” to replace the defective pancreas in diabetes patients • Trans. Pharma Medical: Drug delivery thr’ skin w/o injection • Pixar: Animation THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 25

Specialisations • • • Israel Aircraft Industries Drip irrigation in 1965 Netafim the global drip irrigation company 95% arid or hyper arid 70% of waste water is recycled ( 3 times the 2 nd place Spain with 23%) Negev – dugh half a mile, deep bore; came warm, sultry water. Prof Samuel Applebeum –Praise warm water Fish! 98 o water in ponds -Tilapia, barramuudi, sea-bas Mark Twain called it “ Barren Waste land” now there are 240 mln trees; 35/person; 4 mln trees in Negev Only country where desert is receding because of trees Forests on 12% of world’s arid lands will reduce carbon by 1 giga ton/year=1000, 500 MW coal plants Israeli economy grew – PCI 25% of US in 1950 60% of US in 1970 THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 26

Nobel Prizes • Jews around the world -167 • Jews in Israel (since 1948) -9 • USA*-320; UK*-117; France*-57; Russia- 23; Italy-20; Japan-16; Indians+-9; China-6 • 3000 Israeli Professors abroad * includes Jews with that country’s nationality + 2 are Indian citizens, 6 Indians outside India THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 27

Talpiot- Pinnacle of achievement (From Bible’s Song of Songs) • Trigger: Debacle of the 1973 Yom Kippur War • Most intensive technology Trg, that varsities & Military can offer. • Each year top 2% (2000) of Israel’s High School tried • 10% (200 pass; put thro’ 2 days of personality and aptitude test • Accelerate varsity degree in Maths & Physics while introduced to tech needs of all branches of IDF. • Tested to penetrate a telecom network of a live terrorist cell THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 28

Talpiot- Pinnacle of achievement (From Bible’s Song of Songs) • “Talpions” (like our IITians and more) • Only 1000 in 40 years! • Are some of Israel’s top academics & founders of Israel’s most successful cos. • Eg: NICE- global corp. behind call monitoring sued by 85 of top 100 of Forbes’. • COMPUGEN – Human Genome decoding • 45% of Israelis are varsity educated- highest in the world • 109 scientific papers/ 10, 000 people • $ 6. 0 bln education/scholarship fund. • Has the largest number of scientists & engineers/ mln Pop. THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 29

Israel’s worries • Arabs growing furiously within Israel =22% & having MPs • Ashkhena Zi - Western European Origin, Affluent, upper class and secular • Shepardim - Oriental, from Arab, North Africa and Ethiopia lands • Orthodox ( No draft) - Rich /Poor divide • 40, 000 Settlers in Palestinian area & growing • Iran vows to annihilate Israel • People becoming less Jewish/ religious • Peaceniks (communists, “liberals”) THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 30

What India can learn ? • • • Patriotism National Language – Hebrew (Jews from 100 countries) High quality of Education Technology: Innovation , Invention Intelligence (Mossad) Security Cyber Warfare; Robots as soldiers Surgical strikes; solar powered drones National water grid Draft/conscription THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 31

Dhanyawad: Thank You THC_CTMS S 756_May 2018 32