Isolationism and Imperialism ISOLATIONISM Policy of dealing with

Isolationism and Imperialism

ISOLATIONISM • Policy of dealing with foreign countries • Staying out of world affairs • Using barriers to control trade • U. S. policy until late 1800 s

Why be Imperialistic? • Continue Manifest Destiny / expansion • Mainland N. America conquered • Desire to be world power

IMPERIALISM • the policy in which stronger countries extend their economic, political or military control over weaker territories. • Became U. S. foreign policy in late 1800’s

IMPERIALISM - Where • European countries had been carving up other countries for years. • • • Central American Latin America Caribbean Pacific and Asia Africa

IMPERIALISM – How • Nations had – Stronger military – Wanted natural resources • Government intervention • Purchase territory - Alaska 1867

IMPERIALISM – Who • 10 Imperial Powerful Countries ØG. Britain ØFrance ØGermany ØItaly ØJapan ØSpain ØPortugal ØNetherlands ØRussia ØUnited States How do these Imperial countries relate to WW I ?

5 Factors that fueled Intervention / American Imperialism: 1. Economic Competition - Industrial Rev. brought new products - need for raw materials - favorable balance of trade (exporting more than importing)

2. Political Reasons - recognized as a world power - build a bigger empire (measures greatness) - to protect investments

3. Military Competition - needed to compete with other nations - national security protect investments, resources & colonies - advantage over other countries navy (new) * fueling stations in Pacific

4. Racial / Cultural Superiority - English descendants believed they were superior - Social Darwinism > survival of the fittest - their duty to civilize the rest of the world

5. Religious Reasons - belief Christianity was superior - needed to spread to Asia & Africa - missionaries encouraged Imperialism - Social Darwinism (superior religion)

Negative Points of Imperialism • Country develops a superior attitude • Reputation as a bully • Our history - were a colony • Cost involved • Enough work to be done at home - America large - don’t spread resources to thin

Anti-Imperialism • Against America becoming imperialistic • Saw as a threat to American values • Democracy should not control others without their consent • High cost of maintaining army/navy • Would take jobs from American workers

Spanish American War • Reasons the U. S. gets involved – expanding capitalism / new markets – protect investments – sympathy for support Cuban independence – Monroe Doctrine – yellow journalism

Spanish American War • Cuba (colony of Spain) - Cuba had been fighting for independence - U. S. had big investments in Sugar • Yellow Journalism - exaggerated news information • U. S. S. Maine - exploded in Havana - media blames Spain

Spanish American War • Results - Treaty of Paris gain territory in Philippines, Guam, P. Rico - U. S. more involved in Latin America - Platt Amendment gave U. S supervision over Cuban affairs gave right to lease military base (Guantanamo Bay)

Latin America • Roosevelt Corollary - amendment to Monroe Doctrine - gave U. S. right to intervene if countries could not repay debts or to stabilize the economic affairs - in Caribbean & Central America * Teddy Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Policy

Foreign Policy with L. America • The Panama Canal - TR wanted to shorten trade route - supported Panama Revolution (for our own gain of land access) - U. S. gained rights to build a canal - Benefits U. S. trade and military

Latin America cont. • Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy - economic - promise to protect the investments of American businesses in L. America - increased U. S. control & influence in L. America • Wilson’s Moral (Missionary) Diplomacy - moral - used to intervene in MX. - moral obligation to promote democracy - supported economic interest of U. S. businesses in western hemisphere

Foreign Policy with Asia • Open Door Note / Policy - 1899 - China weak due to war - European countries moving in / fear of China getting carved up - issued to open trade with China - wanted a piece of the sphere of influence - lead to more econ. opportunities for the U. S.

Map of China Cartoon

Problems in the Philippines • Filipino rebels fought alongside U. S. soldiers against the Spanish during the Spanish-American War • The Philippines wanted to become an independent nation • U. S. fails to grant the Philippines independence after the war

• U. S. -Filipino fighting breaks out in 1899 and continues for years • Philippines didn’t gain independence until 1946