Islam Submission to Allah Map of Islam today

Islam Submission to Allah

Map of Islam today Indonesia has the world’s highest population of muslims today

Mecca— 600 CE. Rich city located on an important trade route in the middle of the Arabian Desert. An Oasis—controlled a water source Held a thriving business in idols and gods and magical cures and talismans, which Mohammed fought against Surrounded by many tribes of nomads who were at war with each other, whom Mohammed would unify. Mecca signed and dated “d. L. 1787” pencil, ink, grey wash and watercolour heightened with white, on paper 15¼ x 22¾ in. (38. 7 x 57. 8 cm. )

One Night in A Cave • The night of power and excellence • The Archangel Gabriel recited the Koran to Muhammad and told him to teach it to the whole world on the 26 th night of Ramadan in 610 CE

The Five Pillars (as taught by Muhammad throughout Arabia from 610 -632 CE)

I. Profession of the Faith ● ﺍ ﻝ ﺍ ٱﻠﻠﻪ ﻭ ٱﻠﻠﻪ ● There is no god but god, and Muhammad is his prophet. ● Monotheism= belief in one god

II. Prayer • • Pray five times a day Wash before praying Face Mecca Pray publically

III. Ramadan • • • Fast from Sun up to Sun down No Food No Water No Smoking No Sex No Drugs No Fighting No Swearing 28 DAYS…

IV. Alms to the Poor • 1/8 th of your wealth should be given back to support the poor • In many countries where Muslims are in the majority, this is supported by a tax law • Non-Muslims are expected to pay a higher rate.

V. The Hajj • Once in your life make the pilgrimage to Mecca • See the Kaaba—a holy stone that came from the heavens

The Kaaba (Qaaba) a building built around a mystical stone from heaven. The temple has been there since before Muhammad took over Mecca in 630 CE. It has never been photographed inside, and very few people are allowed to see the artifacts within.

The books of Islam • Muslims believe that the word of Allah has been handed down to men several times • The Torah given to Moses (c. 4000 ybn) • The New Testament given to Jesus (in the first century CE) • The Koran (Quran) given to Mohammad in 610 CE • Allah has given his word several times because people are imperfect and don’t understand his rules well.

People of the Book • Jewish people and Christians are considered “people of the book” because they believe in one of the versions of Allah’s word. • These people have special legal rights in Islam society. They are called Dhimmi. • Generally only people who believe in one God (monotheists) can be Dhimmi, although Akbar the Great designated some Hindus as Dhimmi in Mughal India to create peace.

Graven Images • Moses’ 2 nd Commandment (from the Torah written 4, 000 ybn) was not to make graven images of anything on earth or in heaven. • Orthodox Muslims believe that any picture of a person is a sin, although most Muslims today allow some pictures • Early Muslims were iconoclastic—they destroyed idols wherever they found them. This caused much conflict in India with Hindus and Buddhists.

Hindu-Muslim Conflict in India • Mughal Empire took over India from 1536 -1837 • At first Muslims responded by smashing Hindu Icons • Akbar the great gave Hindus Dhimmi status to preserve the peace • In 1948 India was divided into three countries: India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, India is primarily Hindu. Pakistan and Bangladesh are primarily Muslim. This is called the Partition of India

Sharia Law • Islam holds that everyone is responsible to the law of God • Many Muslims believe in theocracy • Sharia Law Dates back to the 8 th and 9 th century— includes many archaic ideas such as cutting hands off of thieves, stoning adulterers to death, and physical beatings. • At the height of the Umayad Dynasty Shariah law was practiced throughout the Middle East and North Africa. Today only parts of Pakistan, and Isis controlled Syria still practice Shariah law.

Sharia today

Women in Islam • Traditionally many restrictions (cannot own property, cannot work outside the home, may not be able to leave home unescorted, often cannot go to school) • Polygamy (man can have 4 wives) • Burka (covered body except hands and eyes) • Walk behind husband

But Still • Khadija, Mohammed’s only wife, was the owner of the caravan that gave him his wealth and started him out. • Today women in most predominantly Islamic countries are educated, hold jobs, own property and vote. • Many women in non-Islamic countries continue to follow traditional ways by choice—not out of fear.