Irrigating cotton Cable tow irrigation reel Irrigation pump

Irrigating cotton

Cable tow irrigation reel

Irrigation pump

Overhead irrigation: mobile system: Irrigating bare soil using centre pivot

Overhead irrigation: pivot point

Set sprinkler: Sprinkler irrigation in Northern California

Rows of set sprinklers in cotton crop

lateral line Main line Overhead irrigation, set sprinkler: Portable pipes (pipes do not move whilst irrigating). Moveable pipe irrigation lines in California, USA

Moveable pipe irrigation lines, watering bare soil

Underground pipeline about to be laid Location: Oakville, California, USA

Moon buggy mobile irrigation pumps Location: Northern California

Surface Irrigation methods

Irrigation bund in cotton crop in California

http: //www. worldbank. org/html/cgiar/photo/rice. html for slides of rice paddys

Use of siphon tubes to deliver water to furrows (or borders). Note the different water levels of the main ditch, and tubes in the background

Irrigation Siphon in head ditch

Dry irrigation head ditch

Furrow irrigation. Note the water coverage of the entire furrow, and the broken earthen bund (foreground) that permits water to enter.

Release of water from gated pipe, for furrow irrigation of maize

Drainage from end of furrow. Note the wetting front along the dry soil of the furrow; low water flow from furrow into drain; and the use of mulch to minimise evaporative losses.

Example of microirrigation. Arrow indicates emittor. Note wetted soil only around plant.