Irradiation plan Victor Rykalin Content A bit more
Irradiation plan Victor Rykalin
Content • A bit more than introduction • What do we expect from the irradiation studies ? • What do we want to test? • Irradiation facilities • Time. Dose. Money. • Summary 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 2
Some basics First dopant, PPO (s. absorption = s. luminescence) Second dopant, POPOP (s. absorption = s. luminescence of PPO, s. luminescence with longer wavelength than of PPO) , high conversion quantum efficiency, high thermal and photo resistance. WHILE BEING IRRADIATED 1. Complex process of degradation with active radicals appearance and output of the gas from polymer and from the dopants. 2. Two parameters degrade as a result: a. light output b. transmittance 3. Impact of thickness and measurements conditions ( air, Temperature, exposition time. 4. Light output recovery versus time (10 -20 %). 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 3
Basics on effect of radiation M. Kobayashi (KEK) 17 November, 2003 V. I. Rykalin et al. Radiation damage in polystyrene based scintillator Protvino 1991 - 187 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin Preprint IHEP 4
Recovery 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 5
ZEUS NOTE 98 -026 April 3, 1998 ZEUS experience 23 % 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 6
What do we expect from the irradiation studies ? • We have to measure the light output of the extruded scintillator(bulk) and DHCAL cells (without fiber, with fiber) before and after irradiation, the same for the absorption and transmission spectra. • MRS irradiation (possible). • We have to persuade ourselves that 10 years of scintillator based DHCAL operation at LC is not a problem (total dose ? ) • To have an information about radiation resistance of the extruded scintillator for the perspective customers (DHCAL, MINERVA, ALICE …. ) • Publication (TN) 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 7
Irradiation facilities • FERMILAB. Protons 7 Gev (1012 p/cm 2 sec, painful bureaucracy) fee - nervous system. • INDIANA cyclotron 200 Mev (109 -1011 p/cm 2 sec, plug and play, wide spot) fee - $ 500/hour • MICHIGAN. Co 60 1 Mrad/hour, ~ $100/hour • KANSAS, ANL, OTHERS (no experience) • My preference(if protons) -------> INDIANA (if gamma)---------------->MICHIGAN 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 8
INDIANA http: //www. iucf. indiana. edu/RERP/rerp/cap. shtml Proton Capabilities of the RERS ·Energy range: 30 to 200 Me. V ·Lower energies readily available via degraders. Momentum analyzed beams with a small spread are available at 50, 70, 100, and 150 Mev. ·Flux: 1 E 2 to > 1 E 11 p's/sec cm 2 ·Routine 1 E 5 to 1 E 11 p's/sec cm 2 (SEM for dosimetry). ·From 1 E 2 to 1 E 6 p's/sec cm 2 (scintillator for dosimetry). ·Areas: Less than 2 cm to 40 cm diameter. ·Uniformity: < 30% variation over area. ·Absolute Dosimetry: Better than 10% routinely. ·Exposure Durations: A few seconds upward routinely available. RERP, Indiana University Cyclotrotron Facility 2401 Milo B, Sampson Ln Bloomington, IN 47408 PHONE #: (812) 855 -2913 FAX #: (812) 855 -6645 For additional information, email Barbara Przewoski przewoski@iucf. indiana. edu 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 9
MICHIGAN Ford Nuclear Reactor to Shutdown To: trtr@wpi. edu, radsafe@list. vanderbilt. edu ·Subject: Ford Nuclear Reactor to Shutdown ·From: "Christopher W. Becker" <cwbecker@UMICH. EDU> ·Date: Wed, 28 May 2003 15: 12: 59 -0400 ·Reply-To: "Christopher W. Becker" <cwbecker@UMICH. EDU> ·Sender: owner-radsafe@list. vanderbilt. edu All, The Ford Nuclear Reactor is scheduled to complete nearly 45 years of service on 3 July 2003 at 3: 30 p. m. EDT. Please, no responses. Respectfully, Christopher W. Becker, Reactor - Laboratory Manager T h e U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a n Phoenix Memorial Laboratory - Ford Nuclear Reactor 2301 Bonisteel Boulevard Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 -2100 Phone: 734. 764. 6224 Fax: 734. 936. 1571 Pager: 734. 670. 7210 Text Paging: 7346707210@airtouchpaging. com Co 60 facility will be open untill July 2004 ! 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 10
Time. Dose. Money. • Optimum dose to accumulate ~ 1 Mrad. ? ? ? (ask me) • Time estimation: 1 Gy= 100 rad 1 Gy ~ 3. 5*10 E(9) / cm^2, MIP in carbon. For 200 Mev protons we have ~ 1. 4*10 E(9) protons. Then 1 Mrad = 10 E(4) Gy -------> 1. 4*10(13) protons/cm^ 2. Then for 200 Mev and for the 10 cm beam spot we have flux 1*10 E(9)p/cm^2*sec , so we have to stay on the beam 1. 4*10000 sec ~ 4 hours • 4 hours *$ 500 = $ 2000 1 SET 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 11
Summary • Where? Michigan At Indiana, IUCF or at • What? MRS ? Cells and scintillator bulk. • Who? Me and Dmitry? (IUCF) • How ? Without problems • How much ? ~$2000 + travel (IUCF), ~$200 + shipping and receiving (UMICH) 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 12
100*5 mm^2 scintillator • 1. Fluorescence measurements Light output measurements and selection of the scintillator for the cell fabrication • 2. • 3. Cells production • 4. Cells measurements 10/28/2021 Victor Rykalin 13
1 2 10 pieces, 19*19 mm^2 10 pieces, one edge open and polished, NICADD painted cells. 3 4 10/28/2021 10 NICADD painted pieces + sigma grooved fiber. 2 -3 MRS for 1 Mrad only. Victor Rykalin 14
To do list (30 days after irradiation, some measurements during recovery period) • 1. Unwrapped square, light output (Ru 106), Fluorescence before and after 500 Krad, 1 Mrad(FNAL). • 2. Painted , one end opened, Sr 90 , 500 Krad and 1 Mrad, NICADD • 3. Cells + fiber , Sr 90, 500 and 1 Mrad, NICADD • 4. Noise counts at different temperature, Number of PE with the same input signal (LED), NICADD( KEEP track of all parameters as HUM, Temperature etc) 500 Krad 10/28/2021 1000 Krad Victor Rykalin 15
- Slides: 15