IRAN History and Changes USA Iran Relationship The

IRAN History and Changes

USA / Iran Relationship • The USA and Iran were friends until 1970 s • Iran has the world’s fifth largest oil reserves with the US was their largest Oil customer • In fact, Iran was making money off all oil purchases and the king used the money to buy more weapons from the US

Iranian Royal Family • Shah (King Mohammed Reza Pahlavi) was in power until 1979… his family dynasty ruled for 100 s of years • He wanted to create a modern nation • He built schools, highways, factories, and gave women more freedoms • But many Iranians did not like his ideas…they wanted to stay traditional • Shah used secret police to arrest and torture anyone against him

Mohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavī & Farah Pahlavi

Iranian Revolution • Muslim religious leaders, the ayatollahs, wanted the Shah out of power. • Ayatollah Khomeini, will organize the people (students) to fight for TRADITIONS • Shah forced to leave Iran and was allowed into the USA for gallstone surgery. • Iranian Hostage Crisis- Students take control of US Embassy in Tehran, Iran 52 Americans held for 444 days The Century: 3: 00 -8: 45 10: 25 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ji. MLOTw 66 -A

US Presidents Jimmy Carter 1976 -1980 Ronald Reagan 1980 -1988

Ayatollah Khomeini Ruhollah Mostafavi Musavi Khomeini Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran.

Ayatollah Khamenei Ali Hosseini Khamenei • Current religious leader • Took over when the first Ayatollah died in 1989 • Was Iran’s president from 1981 to 1989 • He is called the Supreme Leader

Life After the Revolution • Strict laws came back – modernization is out and Ayatollah in power • Shar’ia Law came into power = strong Islamic laws like: – – – Women must be covered Hair and beards must be long for men No drinking Traditional clothing Children of divorce go to daddy • Elections – free but lots of fraud • Freedoms – no freedom of expression, censorship, detainees

The Laws and Women

Let’s Review! • H-drive video: ARGO

New Leader Emerges • Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was a revolutionary influenced by the Ayatollah • Liked traditional laws but was seen as flexing his might to the world • Became president in 2005 and 2009 but it was a in rigged elections – Let’s say in a village of 20 people, there were 40 votes

Ahmadinejad’s Enemies • HATED USA and most Western nations • HATED UN because this group makes decisions for the world and helped create a Jewish state of Israel • HATED ISRAEL – anti-Semitic • HE is no longer the leader of Iran • His term ended in August 2013

http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=injp_Ms. Zcjk Interview-(4: 44 60 minutes) • http: //abcnews. go. com/GMA/video/iran-attack-america-us-intelligencesissues-warning-15486993? tab=9482931&section=1206828 (News-Spring 2012)

Terrorism • Iran is the #1 sponsor of terrorist groups in the world – Sponsor Hezbollah in Lebanon with money and weapons – Pledged to back Palestinian government led by Hamas – Supports Palestinian Islamic Jihad (Syria, Lebanon and Israel) monetarily

Iran’s Nuclear Program • Started in the 1950 s with the help of the US as part of the Atoms for Peace program • Several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants. • After delays, Iran's first nuclear power plant, Bushehr I reactor was officially opened in a ceremony on September 12, 2011. There are no current plans to complete the Bushehr II reactor, although the construction of 19 nuclear power plants is envisioned. Iran has announced that it is working on a new 360 MWe nuclear power plant. Iran has also indicated that it will seek more medium-sized nuclear power plants and uranium mines for the future. • Under Ahmadinejad Iran said they were making nuclear energy/power……Are they really making weapons to use on their enemies? ? ?

Newest Leader of Iran • Hassan Rouhani • Relatively moderate cleric • Won the June 14 presidential election by a significant margin • Ran on a platform that included a promise to follow a "path of moderation" in international affairs and to ease restrictions on Iranian civil liberties • Calls for constructive dialogue especially with nuclear weapons around the world http: //abcnews. go. com/WNT/video/br eaking-ice-irans-hassan-rouhani 20324380 (ABC News 2: 56) http: //www. telegraph. co. uk/news/world news/middleeast/iran/10123277/Iran. Hassan-Rowhani-is-a-figure-Westernpolicy-makers-trust. html (1: 10 News report)

In Rouhani’s Words… • "My approach to foreign policy seeks to resolve. . . issues by addressing their underlying causes, " he said. "We must work together to end the unhealthy rivalries and interferences that fuel violence and drive us apart. “ • "To us, mastering the atomic fuel cycle and generating nuclear power is as much about diversifying our energy resources as it is about who Iranians are as a nation, our demand for dignity and respect, and our consequent place in the world, " he said.

What about other countries? • Next step is Iraq… – Who was their leader? – What was it like living under him? – Why was USA involved in their country? – What was the final outcome?

Saddam Hussein- President of Iraq

Video Clips • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z. B 3 BE 5 whlm. I (start at 1: 50 with Mike Wallace) • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Z 8 WK 9 Xzhilw (Mike Wallace clip 2 8: 09) • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=N 9 xp. W NSz. Kec&feature=related (Mike Wallace clip 3 8: 17)

IN HIS OWN WORDS… • Anybody who recognizes Israel will burn in the fire of the Islamic nation's fury. • Nuclear energy is the scientific achievement of the Iranian nation. • It is not just for a few states to sit and veto global approvals. • The establishment of Zionist regime was a move by the world oppressor against the Islamic world. • The UN structure is one-sided, stacked against the world of Islam. • The United States' administrations. . . must recognize that Iran is a big power. Having said that, we consider ourselves to be a human force and a cultural power and hence a friend of other nations. We have never sought to dominate others or to violate the rights of any other country. • Those who insist on having hostilities with us, kill and destroy the option of friendship with us in the future, which is unfortunate because it is clear the future belongs to Iran and that enmities will be fruitless. • If some want to misuse the generosity of our nation, and re-examine what was previously examined, they should know the fire of the anger of the Iranian nation will be extremely burning and devastating.