IP Network Basics Internal For Use Internal Only
IP Network Basics
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Objectives Use Only▲ • Grasp the basic knowledge of network • Understand network evolution history and classification of network • Grasp OSI model and each layer’s function • Grasp the function of different kind of network devices and its position <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation >
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Outline • Chapter I Network Overview • Chapter II OSI Reference Model <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Contents • Chapter I Network Overview Section 1 Definition and Evolution History of Network Section 2 Classification of Network <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Definition of Network Internal Use Only▲ Computer network refers to interconnect ion of separately distributed computers and external communication equipments to form a system for easy information exchanging and resource sharing among multiple pieces of computers. Server IP Hotel <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Mobile
Network Evolution History Phase 1: 50’s- 60’s Phase 2: 70’s- Phase 4: 80’s till now <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Contents • Chapter I Network Overview Section 1 Definition and Evolution History of Network Section 2 Classification of Network <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Classification of Network Local Area Network (LAN) Metro Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
LAN Internal Use Only▲ n. LAN usually covers an area of several kilometers and integrated several independent data devices to enable users to share network resources. n. Features: short distance, low latency, high data-transmitting rate and reliable transmission. n The infrastructures of LAN include servers, clients, network equipments and communication media. <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
MAN n Internal Use Only▲ MAN usually covers an area of several kilometers to hundreds of kilometers n Data transmission rate ranged from several Kbit/s to several Gbit/s n Optical fiber is the best transmission media of MAN <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
WAN Internal Use Only▲ WAN is mainly used to connect LANs, and provide data communication within wide areas. n WAN covers an area of hundreds to thousands of kilometers. n <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Contents • Chapter I Network Overview Section 1 Definition and Evolution History of Network Section 2 Classification of Network <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Contents • Chapter II OSI Reference Model Section 1 OSI Model Overview Section 2 Physical Layer Section 3 Data-link Layer Section 4 Network Layer Section 5 Transport Layer Section 5 Session/Presentation/Application Layer <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
OSI Reference Model Overview n Internal Use Only▲ OSI RM:Open System Interconnection Reference Model Application Layer Data Transmission between Hosts Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Data Transmission between Networks Network Layer Data-link Layer Physical Layer <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Functions of Each Layer Provide communication between application programs Process data format and encryption Application Layer Presentation Layer Internal Use Only▲ 7 6 Establish, maintain and manage sessions Session Layer 5 Establish end-to-end connection Transport Layer 4 Addressing and routing Network Layer 3 Provide media access and link management Data-link Layer 2 Bit stream transmission Physical Layer <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> 1
Relationship between Each Layer of OSI Model Internal Use Only▲ APDU Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data-link Layer Physical Layer PPDU Segment Packet Frame Bits Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data-link Layer Physical Layer Only peer layers with same protocol are able to communicate. <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Data Encapsulation Internal Use Only▲ Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Upper Layer Data TCP Header Transport Layer Upper Layer Data Network Layer IP Header Upper Layer Data LLC Header Upper Layer Data FCS MAC Header Upper Layer Data FCS 0101110101001000010 <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> PDU Data-link Layer Physical Layer Segment Packet Frame Bits
Data De-encapsulation Internal Use Only▲ Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Upper Layer Data Transport Layer Network Layer IP Data-link Layer Physical Layer Upper Layer Data der a e H TCP+ Upper Layer Data der a e H IP + TCP + Upper Layer Data LLC der Hea <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> LLC Hdr + IP + TCP + Upper Layer Data ea H AC M der 0101110101001000010
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Study Contents • Chapter II OSI Reference Model Section 1 OSI Model Overview Section 2 Physical Layer Section 3 Data-link Layer Section 4 Network Layer Section 5 Transport Layer <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Physical Layer Internal Use Only▲ Physical Layer is the first and bottom layer of OSI Reference Model. n n Physical Layer mainly provides bit stream transmission. • Moves bits between devices Physical Layer • Specified voltage, rate and pin-out cables <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Function of Physical Layer also defines: l. Media Type l. Connector l. Signal Type <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
Ethernet/802. 3 Internal Use Only▲ 10 Base 2—Ethernet thin-wire 10 Base 5—Ethernet thick-wire Host HUB 10 Base. T—TP Host <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
HUB Internal Use Only▲ n HUB works on Physical Layer n The work stations connected via HUB are physically Star Topology but Bus Topology logically. n l All devices are in one Collision Domain l The more terminals, the more collisions l All devices share the bandwidth Collision Domain:an assembling of all the workstations on the same cable or of all the nodes on the same physical segment or a group of nodes contending the same bandwidth. <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Study Contents • Chapter II OSI Reference Model Section 1 OSI Model Overview Section 2 Physical Layer Section 3 Data-link Layer Section 4 Network Layer Section 5 Transport Layer <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Data-link Layer n Internal Use Only▲ Data-link Layer is the second layer of OSI Reference Model Mainly responsible to precisely transmit the data packet to Network Layer of destination host. n Data-link Layer Physical Layer • Combines packets into bytes and bytes to frames • Provides access to media using MAC address • Performs error detection not correction • Moves bits between devices • Specified voltage, rate and pin-out cables <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Function of Data-link Layer defines: l Physical source and destination addresses l Define network topology l Control of frame order l Flow Control <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
MAC Address # Bytes 8 Internal Use Only▲ 6 Preamble Destination address 00. d 0 The manufacturer code assigned by IEEE 6 Source address 2 Length xx. xx Distributed by manufacturer MAC address <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Variable Length Data 4 FCS Ethernet II uses “Type” in this field.
Switch/Bridge n Internal Use Only▲ Layer 2 Switch and Bridge work on Data-link Layer l. Each network segment connected to each port is an individual Collision Domain l. All network segments are in one Broadcast Domain:assembly of nodes that receive same broadcast message, able to be classified into one logical network segment with other broadcast nodes. n <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Study Contents • Chapter II OSI Reference Model Section 1 OSI Model Overview Section 2 Physical Layer Section 3 Data-link Layer Section 4 Network Layer Section 5 Transport Layer <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Network Layer • Provides logic addressing which routers use for path determination Data-link Layer • Combines packets into bytes and bytes to frames • Provides access to media using MAC address • Performs error detection not correction Physical Layer • Moves bits between devices • Specifies voltage, rate and pin-out cables <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲ IP IPX 802. 3 / 802. 2 HDLC EIA/TIA-232 V. 35
Functions of Network Layer Defines Logical Address n Addressing and Routing Network Layer Internal Use Only▲ IP, IPX n 802. 2 Physical Layer <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> HDLC Ethernet Data-link Layer FR 802. 3 EIA/TIA-232 v. 35
Logical Address(1) Internal Use Only▲ Network Layer address is globally unique, constituted by two parts: Network address and Host address. Network address Host address 10. 8. 2. 48 IP address <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Logical Address(2) Internal Use Only▲ Address Mask 172. 16. 122. 204 255. 0. 0 Binary Address Binary Mask 172 16 10101100 00010000 01111010 255 0 11111111 0000 Network <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> 122 204 1100 0 Host 0000
Router Functions: l Logical routing l Select best routing path l Broadcast control l Multicast Control l Flow Control <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
Internal For. Use Internal Only▲ Course Contents • Chapter II OSI Reference Model Section 1 OSI Model Overview Section 2 Physical Layer Section 3 Data-link Layer Section 4 Network Layer Section 5 Transport Layer <Confidentialand and. Proprietary. Informationofof. ZTECORPORATION> Corporation > Use Only▲
Transport Layer Network Layer Data-link Layer Physical Layer Internal Use Only▲ • Provides reliable or unreliable delivery • Performs error correction before retransmit TCP UDP SPX • Provides logical addressing, which routers use for path determination IP IPX • Combines packets into bytes and bytes into frames • Provides access to media using MAC address • Performs error detection not correction 802. 3 / 802. 2 HDLC • Moves bits between devices • Specifies voltage, rate, and pin-out cables <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> EIA/TIA-232 V. 35
Function of Transport Layer Internal Use Only▲ Functions: l Segment Upper Layer Data l Establish end-to-end connection between application programs l Flow control l Connection-oriented and connectionless Communication Transport Layer Network Layer TCP UDP IP <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> SPX IPX
Connection-oriented Session Sender Synchronizing Internal Use Only▲ Receiver Acknowledgement, Synchronizing Acknowledgement Connection Established Data Transmission <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION>
Summary n Definition of Network n Network Evolution History n Classification of Networks n OSI Model and Functions of Each Layer n Common Network Devices <Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION> Internal Use Only▲
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