IONIANS GEOGRAPHICAL AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE Ionian to the

IONIANS

GEOGRAPHICAL AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE Ionian to the west of the Aegean Sea in the west, Lydia, and to the south of Caria is surrounded by states with the Doric city. Ionia is an ancient region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey, the region nearest İzmir.

� Today Greece, the Ionian tribes from the region where settled here. Part of the coastal cities of the Aegean islands belonged to the ions. Ions are formed and the 12 Ionian city of 12 city-state is estimated to be established in BS. 1000. These cities developed in a short period of time, the West had become a center of civilization. In these cities, Ephesus and Miletus, the era has been the center of culture and civilization.

� They were natural-philosophers of the Ionian school of philosophy and tried to explain the phenomena according to no-supernatural laws. They also searched a simple materialform behind the appearances of things (origin) and this conception had a great influence on the early archaic art in Greece.

� Ions were sailor people. � In BC. 700 bottle with the Lydian king, invaded the cities of Izmir and Miletus, Lydian economically connected to the other cities. � Ionian BC In 546 the Achaemenid Empire came under the dominance.

SCIENCE AND CULTURE Ions are developed in science and the arts. Tales and Pythagorean mathematics, history, Herodotus, Hippocrates, medicine, philosophy, Diojen Ionians educated lots of scientists: -Thales worked in the field of geometry and astronomy and calculated the solar eclipse

Heraclitus developed the philosophy of change and this is summarized with «A human can not swim twice in the same river» expression by Heraclitus. Hippocrates - Hippocrates worked in the field of the medicine. Heraclitus -Hekataios Milet, critical geography, history and empirical expression gave the first important works, has released the first known map of the world. - Pythagoras calculated the circumference of the earth for the first time.

- The famous philosopher Diogenes from Ionian A small anecdote from him: One day Alexander the Great ask to himself «What are you looking for? » and the philosopher says: -I’m looking for the man. DIOGENES

ARCHITECTURE IN IONIAN The Goddess Artemis and The God Apollo are twin siblings. Apollo represents sun, Artemis represents moon. According to the legend the two are hunters. Also Artemis is the goddess of abundance. The first monumental stone buildings in Samos, the Greek tradition of the Temple of Hera , Ephesus, Temple of Artemis and Didyma Temple of Apollo , BC around 560 were built. The Temple of Heraion belongs to Ionians. It was dedicated to the Goddess Heraion who represents love and marriage.

Heraion The Goddess Artemis Temple of Heraion

WRITING IN Ionıan The Ionian alphabet was adapted from The Phoenician alphabet. The Greek alphabet which using at the present time is Ionian alphabet and it is written from left to right. Ionian alphabet Phoenician alphabet

� The Arabic, Turkish, Persian and Urdu name for Greek is Younan ( )یﻮﻧﺎﻥ , a translation of "Ionia. " The same is true for the Hebrew word, "Yavan" ( )יוון and the Sanskrit word "yavana". Not to be confused with the meaning of the Assyrian name Younan , a transliteration of Jonah, from the Aramaic and Hebrew, "Yonah", meaning dove or peace.