Inverter based Cogeneration Overview by Coffman Electrical Equipment

Inverter based Cogeneration Overview by Coffman Electrical Equipment Onsite power simplified by Coffman Electrical Equipment April 30. 2015 Allows for simple integration with renewables

Inverter based cogeneration makes small scale CHP possible �Eliminates need for complicated paralleling gear �Simplifies Utility interconnect, similar to solar inverters. �Variable speed motor reduces efficiency loses at partial loads �Ability to stage multiple units �Uses standard automotive style engines simplifying maintenance. �Allows easy integration with batteries to maintain voltage stability.

Combined Heat & Power (aka cogeneration) Definition: The simultaneous production of two useful outputs (electricity + heat) from a single fuel source 27. 0% Electricity out 100. 0% 100 k. W Gas in 1, 263, 000 Btu/hr 55. 4% Thermal out 700, 000 Btu/hr 2 -for-1: “A generator that makes free hot water” or “A boiler that makes free electricity” >82. 4% total (HHV basis) >92. 8% total (LHV basis)

Benefits to Site �ECONOMICS � Cut energy costs by 30 -50% � Qualify for incentives (utility/ fed/ state) � Reduce exposure to utility rate volatility �ENVIRONMENTAL � Cut carbon footprint by 50% � Increase efficiency � Lower emissions �SECURITY � Black-start capability (supplemental standby capacity = “convenience power”) � Power quality � Reduce US dependence on foreign oil

Environmental Benefits of CHP: CO 2 Emissions Reductions 49% Reduction With TECOGEN INV-100, 576 fewer tons of CO 2 are emitted each year, by 'SAMPLE TECOGEN INSTALLATION'

INV-100 Features � Qualifies for Standardized Interconnection � UL 1741 Compliant � CE Marked for European Use � Black-Start/Grid-Independent Operation � Compatible With CERTS “Wireless Droop” Control � Power Quality � No Reactive Power Use � Power Boost for Demand-Side Response � Enhanced Efficiency � Low Emissions � Internationally Adaptable � 50/60 hz

Premium Power Module - Inverter Interface Power Conversion

General Layout � Additional Features � Water-cooled Generator/ Electronics � Large Oil Sump � New Exhaust HX/ Catalyst Design � Extra Cat Surface � Extra Sound. Attenuated Enclosure

Power Electronics/ Generator

Performance Excellent part-load efficiency

INV-100 Part Load Performance 1, 300, 000 1, 200, 000 1, 100, 000 Fuel or Heat (BTU/hr) 1, 000 Fuel Usage 900, 000 800, 000 700, 000 INV-100 Modulation 600, 000 500, 000 Electrical Fuel Heat Electrical Overall Output Usage Recovery Efficiency (k. W) (BTU/hr) (%) 100 1, 262, 760 700, 000 27. 0 82. 5 80 991, 440 557, 800 27. 6 83. 8 60 751, 740 442, 100 27. 3 86. 1 40 541, 620 330, 720 25. 2 86. 3 Heat Recovery 400, 000 300, 000 200, 000 100, 000 0 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 Electrical Output (Kw) 85 90 95 100

MICROGID CASE STUDY THE BREVOORT, a 1950’s era co-op tower in the Greenwich Village section of New York City, maintained power, water and heat during the wide spread power outages left in the wake of Superstorm Sandy thanks to Tecogen’s combined heat and power (CHP) system. Brevoort CHP plant consists of (4) 100 k. W Tecogen In. Verde units which provide heating, domestic hot water and electricity for the 20 story co-op condo building.

DC based CHP • These DC based generators are available in either Natural gas/propane or Diesel • Variable speed with Lithium battery charging integrated in engine control • Are available from 6 kw to 26 kw. • Can be integrated into inverter packages up to 80 kw.

5 k. W Reciprocating Gas Engine Packaged CHP Systems 25 k. W 128 – 2, 129 k. W 250 & 333 k. W turbines recip. packaged CHP 30 k. W 60 k. W 200 k. W 100 – 400 k. W recip. packaged CHP

Absorption Chilling • 30 tons of cooling available per 100 kw of CHP • Combines heat from generator and heat removed from building into common low grade heat source • This heat can be reused in other requirements.

Engine driven Chillers 50400 tons Recovers waste heat while providing Chillers. • Lower Emissions than Fuel Cells • Provides Energy savings at part load similar to Variable Speed Chillers • Automotive based engines. •

22 ton Engine driven Heat pump • Hot and air cooled versions • Brings cooling tower waste heat to building distributions system • COP of 2. 2 to 3. 1 • Recovers Data Center Heat.

Microgrid Design �Micro-grid is the integration of multiple technologies to provide backup power when grid power is unavailable or to maximize renewable power as % of total power. �This same design can allow for the integration of Cogeneration and renewable heating/cooling systems. �Allow for net zero application by at little additional cost through reduction of backup power cost and size.

Integrated CHP, solar PV/thermal with electric and thermal storage

Coffman Electrical Equipment Co 3300 Jefferson Se Grand Rapids, Mi. 49548 616 -452 -8708 www. steadypower. com