INVERTEBRATA I Trematoda Anwari Adi Nugroho S Pd

INVERTEBRATA I Trematoda Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Class Trematoda • Flukes that live as parasites either on or in other organisms. • Outer body lacks cilia; tegument has a layer of glycoproteins that are important in protection and absorption • Possess 2 suckers: 1. Oral sucker which attaches to organs of the host 2. Ventral sucker or acetabulum; used to attach to host tissues Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Types of Hosts • Often have complex life cycles that alternate between sexual and asexual stages. • Most require at least 2 different kinds of hosts to complete their life cycle: 1. Definitive host (primary host) • The host in which the parasite matures and reproduces (sexually) • The host in which eggs are released 2. Intermediate host • Hosts in which larval stages develop and undergo asexual reproduction • Results in an increase in the number of the individuals Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I General Life Cycle - Chinese liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis • Adults live in the bile ducts of humans, dogs, and cats • There are 2 intermediate hosts: a snail and a fish • Eggs are passed out of the definitive host and hatch as ciliated larvae called miracidia • The miracidia penetrates a snail molluscan host and becomes a sporocyst Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I • • • They undergo asexual reproduction producing larvae called rediae Rediae often asexually produce more rediae, but will eventually give rise to larvae called cercariae They leave the molluscan host and penetrate fish They encyst in the fish tissues as the metacercaria Consumption of infected fish results in the metacercaria excysting in the gut and migrating to the bile duct Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Schistosoma • Schistosoma spp. is a common blood fluke of Southeast Asia that causes shistosomiasis • Humans are the definitive host; snails are the intermediate host • In humans its eggs ultimately penetrates and damages intestinal tissue and tissue of the bladder • A source of constant inflammation and eventually leads to deterioration of liver, spleen and other organs Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Fasciola • Dikenal sebagai cacing hati. • Contohnya Fasciola Hepatica dan Fasciola Nigantica • Bentuk tubuh agak oval dengan panjang mencapai 3 -5 cm. • Bagian mulut meruncing yang terdapat kait dan pengisap. • Di belakang tubuhnya ada alat pengisap kedua yang disebut pengisap ventral. Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.

INVERTEBRATA I Anwari Adi Nugroho, S. Pd. , M. Pd.