Inversion the negative adverbials Second Meeting Noni Agustina

Inversion the negative adverbials Second Meeting Noni Agustina English Language Education Faculty

LEARNING OUTCOMES • Students are able to use the inversion of the negative adverbial • Students are able to identify the inversion of the negative adverbial in the text

What is inversion? • The sentence with the negative adverb or adverbial phrase, the word order of subject and verb change. For instance I had never seen so many people in one room. Never had I seen so many people in one room. (Inversion form)

When do we use the inversion? Time relationship at beginning of the sentence e. g No sooner had I put the phone down than it rang again b. Inversion with phrases that use not e. g Not until he apologizes will I speak to him again c. Inversion with some time phrases that use only e. g Only after several weeks did she begin to recover

When do we use the inversion? Frequency (negative adverbs such as never, rarely, hardly ever, nowhere, little) Examples Never have I been to taken a back. Rarely do they fail to get away for a holiday. Seldom is that pop group out of the news. Hardly ever did he wear a suit. Little did she realise what was about to happen. Nowhere was a replacement to be found

When do we use the inversion? General emphasis Examples Only by patience and hard work will we find a solution Only in this way do we stand any chance of success.

EXERCISE

Assignment • Find the news articles and identify the inversion the negative adverbials by highlighting using colouring pens.

References Murphy, R. (2012). English grammar in use (Fourth). UK: Cambridge University Press. Side, R. , & Wellman, G. (1999). Grammar and vocabulary for Cambridge advanced and proficiency. England: Pearson Education Limited. Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). Phillips, D. (2001). Longman complete course for the TOEFL test. New York: Pearson Education Company. Sharpe, P. J. (2004). Barron’s. How to prepare the TOEFL. New York: Barron’s Educational Series.