INTRODUCTION TO SWINE PRODUCTION Darren Leach AGED 410

I. Production Facts A. History of Swine Production 1. 4900 B. C. domesticated in

B. Current Production in the World 1. China is the top producing country in

D. Consumption of Pork 1. U. S. -(2001) 64. 9 pounds person per year

G. American Breeds are crossed between East Indian Pig European Wild Boar H. Colonial

II. Terminology of the Swine Industry A. Names by age and sex 1. Boar

2. Sow --Female pig that has farrowed 3. Gilt --Female pig that has not

4. Barrow --Male pig that has been castrated 5. Piglet --Young pig under 4

6. Weaner --0 to 40 pounds, in the nursery having been weaned away from

B. Production Terms 1. Farrowing--give birth 2. Ear Notch--identification system most commonly used with

3. Castrate--removal of testicles 4. Wean--remove from sow (mother) 5. Monogastric--one stomach compartment 6.

III. Other Hog Facts P. S. S. --Porcine Stress Syndrome --The result of breeding

Top 5 States 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Iowa North Carolina Illinois Minnesota Nebraska

Careers in the Swine Industry 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Butcher

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INTRODUCTION TO SWINE PRODUCTION Darren Leach AGED 410 4/15/10

I. Production Facts A. History of Swine Production 1. 4900 B. C. domesticated in China, 1500 B. C. in Europe 2. America’s first hogs came in 1539 when Hernando de Soto brought 13 to Florida 3. Pork Industry centered in Midwest “Corn Belt” States

B. Current Production in the World 1. China is the top producing country in the world 2. U. S. is 3 rd (2001) C. Current Production in the United States 1. #1 Pork producing state-Iowa 2. California ranks #29 3. $64 billion per year

D. Consumption of Pork 1. U. S. -(2001) 64. 9 pounds person per year E. By-Products 1. “We use everything but the oink” ex: heart valves, skin, insulin F. Types of Production Systems 1. Purebred 2. Commercial

G. American Breeds are crossed between East Indian Pig European Wild Boar H. Colonial America Home use- meat and lard Sold for rum, sugar and necessities

II. Terminology of the Swine Industry A. Names by age and sex 1. Boar --Male pig that is not castrated

2. Sow --Female pig that has farrowed 3. Gilt --Female pig that has not farrowed

4. Barrow --Male pig that has been castrated 5. Piglet --Young pig under 4 months old

6. Weaner --0 to 40 pounds, in the nursery having been weaned away from mother 7. Market Hog -- “Finisher” 125 -250 pounds

B. Production Terms 1. Farrowing--give birth 2. Ear Notch--identification system most commonly used with swine

3. Castrate--removal of testicles 4. Wean--remove from sow (mother) 5. Monogastric--one stomach compartment 6. Gestation Length--114 days (3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)

III. Other Hog Facts P. S. S. --Porcine Stress Syndrome --The result of breeding for a more muscular hog Health --Body heat controlled by external factors (water, mud, air) --Not self regulated (don’t sweat, pant, etc. )

Top 5 States 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Iowa North Carolina Illinois Minnesota Nebraska

Careers in the Swine Industry 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Butcher Breeder Farmer/ owner Vet Seller Buyer Nutrition Mating specialist