INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY UNDERSTAND IMPORTANT SOCIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY What
- Slides: 81
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY UNDERSTAND IMPORTANT SOCIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY
What is sociology? � On your tables create a mind map of any key words you can think of associated with Sociology/society � (6 mins)
Sociology is the study of Society But what is Society? ? ?
What is society? � In pairs draw your version of society on your A 3 paper � However you both decide � There is no right or wrong � I will be collecting them in at the end. (10 minutes)
What is society? What did you include? On your picture label any; � Systems –S � EG -Health, education, welfare. . . � Interactions –I � EG - Exchanges between people – waving, buying something in a shop,
What is Society? Write down your own definition of ‘Society’ Now list the following words in your notes Leave space between each word so that you can make notes on each Norms � Values � Beliefs � Customs � Status � Role � Discuss the meanings of each of them on your table
Values � These are widely accepted beliefs that something is worthwhile and desirable. � For example, most societies place a high value on human life. � Examples of British values include fair play, democracy, free speech, tolerance, property, love, family life etc. What values do you hold? Create an individual mind map of your values. (10 mins)
Norms � Norms are values put into practice. � They are specific (but often unwritten) rules of behaviour that apply to specific social situations. � Examples include ‘rules’ about how to eat, how to dress or how to speak to people in certain situations. � There also norms that govern how we are supposed to behave according to our gender.
Customs � Customs are traditional and regular forms of behaviour associated with specific social situations. � For example, in Britain people celebrate Bonfire night by setting off fireworks and they eat pancakes on Shrove Tuesday.
Statuses A person’s status is their position society. � There are different types of status: 1. Ascribed statuses – these are fixed at birth usually by biology or inheritance e. g. your gender or race. 2. Achieved statuses – these are statuses over which individuals have control and which are attained through education, jobs, marriage etc.
Roles � Society expects those of a certain status to behave in a particular way. � A set of norms will be associated with that status. This set of norms is known as a role. � For example, the role of ‘doctor’ is accompanied by cultural expectations about patient confidentiality and professional behaviour.
What is culture? � Culture is defined as the ‘way of life’ of a social group. � Every culture is a blend of beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations and ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.
What is culture? � Culture is: 1. SHARED – it forms the basis of a society by binding individuals together, enabling them to communicate and cooperate. 2. LEARNED – we are not born with culture, we learn it. This learning process is called SOCIALISATION.
What is a subculture? A group of people within society who share norms, values, beliefs and attitudes that are in some ways different from mainstream culture.
Add the following key terms to your dictionary � Norms � Values � Beliefs � Customs � Status � Role � Socialisation � Society � Culture � Subculture
Add the following key terms to your dictionary Socialisation – The process by which an individual learns or internalises the culture of society. Society – An organised group of individuals living as members of a community Culture- All those things that are learnt and shared by a society or group of people and transmitted from generation to generation through socialisation. Subculture- A group of people within society who share norms, values, beliefs and attitudes that are in some ways different from mainstream culture.
EXTENSION Primary Socialisation Secondary Socialisation Social order Social institutions Sanctions Social control Social construction
Homework Identify & describe a subculture within our society FINAL DEADLINE: Wednesday 19 th September 9 am
Exam Q – May 2010 � Explain the meaning of the term culture � Complete the exam question and hand it to me as you exit
Lesson 2 �SOCIOLOGY VOCAB TEST In your groups work together to write down the definitions for the key terms we looked at last lesson
Explain the meaning of the term culture (5 Marks) � Everyone marks in the class gained between 2 -4 Key points. Culture is BOTH learnt and shared
Marking codes T- use more/explain sociology terminology P- Point is unclear Q- Points made do not answer the question E- Use more examples
How do we acquire culture? � As discussed earlier, we are not born with culture. We learn it through the SOCIALISATION PROCESS. � This is the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalise the norms and values of their culture. � It has TWO STAGES.
Stage 1: Primary Socialisation � 0 -5 years old. � The family is the AGENT OF PRIMARY SOCIALISATION. � Learn language and basic norms and values. � Often learnt through IMITATION OF ROLE MODELS such as parents or older siblings. � Parents may use SANCTIONS (rewards or punishments) to reinforce approved behaviour and punish deviant (norm-breaking) behaviour.
Feral Children � ‘Feral children’ can be used to illustrate the importance of primary socialisation… http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ipt 0 pjz 0 m wg&feature=related
Stage 2: Secondary Socialisation � From 5 years old and up – it is a lifelong process. � Agents - � Here, of secondary socialisation include: schools peer group the mass media religion workplace we learn more complex and specific norms and values.
Exam question – Part a) � In your group read through the item and highlight any sociological terminology � Discuss what each of the key terms mean, make notes – annotate your sheet � Work together to write a detailed answer to the question, use as many sociological terms as you can � When you do use sociological terms make sure you show that you know what they mean eg –. . . norms, rules of behaviour, . . .
Exam question � Having constructed your answer you are going to mix groups and share your knowledge with your new group members � DON’T JUST DICTACT � YOU ARE NOW THE EXPERT � YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN Mind map how you might answer the section b) Q.
EXAM QUESTION – Jan 2011 � Explain the meaning of the term primary socialisation
EXAM QUESTION - MAY 2011 � Explain the meaning of the term secondary socialisation (5 marks)
Backs to the board 2 teams 1 person from each team come to sit on the hot seat The rest of the team need to work together to explain the key term which appears on the screen You have 1 minute before the other team 1 minute to continue
Structure
Society
Beliefs
Customs
Status
Society
Achieved status
Culture
Social order
Role
Values
Sanctions
Sanctions
Social Control
Norms
Subculture
Ascribed Status
GENIE � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=N 2 Blh 9 Ky dj. A
Exam question � Having constructed your answer you are going to mix groups and share your knowledge with your new group members � DON’T JUST DICTACT � YOU ARE NOW THE EXPERT � YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN Mind map how you might answer the section b) Q.
Reflect on your answers It is really important that you take the time and read through your work and analyse it yourself so that you know how to improve it.
EXAM QUESTION – Jan 2011 With reference to the item explain the meaning of the term primary socialisation – 5 marks; 1)Must explain the term socialisation (Learn norms & values) 2) explain primary socialisation (before school 0 -4, family main agent. . . ) 3)Must have a sentence that makes a link to the item.
EXAM QUESTION - MAY 2011 With reference to the item explain the meaning of the term secondary socialisation (5 marks) 5 marks; 1)Must explain the term socialisation (Learn norms & values) 2) explain secondary socialisation (Begins when they start school, life long process, various different agents of socialisation school, work, mass media as well as family ) 3)Must have a sentence that makes a link to the item.
House keeping � Label your file dividers as follows; 1)Assessment Everyone should have; 2)Culture & Identity 3)Theories Sociology handbook 4)Family – Types Sociology dictionary 5)Family – Trends 6)Family –Diversity Social Sciences intervention 7)Family – Theory sheet 8)Family-Policy 9) Folder check sheet 10) �Folders £ 1 please Please see me if you are missing anything
Lesson 3
Lesson 3 �SOCIOLOGY VOCAB TEST Individually work together to write down the definitions for the key terms from this week EXTENSION Add any others you know
Norms – � Acceptable behaviour Values – � These are widely accepted beliefs that something is worthwhile and desirable. Beliefs� Something a person is convinced of as true Culture� Culture is defined as the ‘way of life’ of a social group. Status � A persons position in society Role� Social expectations of suitable behaviour for status’
� Achieved status. Status gained through education or marriage � Ascribed status. Status fixed at birth usually by biology or inheritance � Socialisation� process by which we learn norms & values � Primary socialisation� 0 -4/5 basic norms and values. � Secondary socialisation� 4/5 years old and up – it is a lifelong process � Subculture� A group that deviates slightly from the norms and values of a particular culture
Lesson Objectives � To recap on Sociological vocab. � To make sure everyone has a clear understanding of the course and the behaviour expected of them in this classroom � To discuss the view that human behaviour is the role of nature (our inherited biological make up) or nurture (socialisation)
Your questions answered
This class �I want you ALL to enjoy your lessons � I want you ALL to like/love this subject � I want you ALL to pass your exam For these reasons there are some things I will ask from you-
I want you ALL to enjoy your lessons I want you ALL to like/love this subject I want you ALL to pass your exam NO HANDS UP – 20% of the class answer 80% of the questions. I want everyone to think about every question I ask then I will ask someone to feedback � DISCUSSION – There is a great amount of research that proves that when we discuss things with others it helps us understand remember. Explaining things to others is the most effective way of ensuring you fully understand remember.
The rule � Respect yourself and everybody in this room – no put downs of other people based on their race, religion, ethnic back-ground, skin colour, native language, gender, sexual preference, intelligence, body shape, or body size. � Those characteristics are not chosen by people; we are born with them. Criticizing or insulting people for things beyond their control is not fair and will not be tolerated in this classroom
The rule � If you disagree with a comment somebody has made or think their behaviour is cruel, say ‘I disagree’ or ‘I think your behaviour is cruel’ do not insult the other person. � There are many, many forms of prejudice, and most of us have our own opinions and ideas about the world. You are entitled to believe and think whatever you choose. � You are not entitled, however, to express your opinions in a manner that may insult, degrade, embarrass, hurt or humiliate other people.
Nature � The nature view of human behaviour suggests that all behaviour is caused by our genetic make up. � The � So genes that we inherited from our parents in the same way that we are born male or female, we are born with a blue print (a framework) to behave in a certain way
Nurture � The nurture view of human behaviour suggests that all behaviour is the result of interactions with the environment. � Our experiences throughout life; our socialisation as well as life events. � The nurture view sees the individual as being born as an empty vessel, and is filled up with the experiences they gain from their environment
Nature/Nurture debate � How much of our behaviour is due to nature? � How much is due to nurture? � Watch this clip and think about this social – psychological debate
Nature or Nurture � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=5 iv. Nj. Cd. K m 04&feature=relmfu � John Barryman
What do you think? � Class discussion – Rules � DO NOT TALK OVER PEOPLE � Whoever is holding the dice is the one who is talking � Put your hand up if you would like to speak next � I will chair the discussion so decide who will be the next to talk � You may throw the dice to the next person the speak BUT if anyone throws it in an inappropriate way – too hard, deliberately in the opposite direction etc then we will stop.
Homework – Reminder!!! Identify & describe a subculture within our society Eg’s Goths Skaters Chavs FINAL DEADLINE: Wednesday 19 th September 9 am
Splat
Gender role socialisation � Disney � Insert clip link
Articulate � 2 minutes person, to explain as many key words as you can from the envelope � Timer
IK Tribe
Shirbit Culture
Week 3 � Gender socialisation & gender equality � Masculinities/Feminities
Gender
An example of how socialisation works… � � � We learn many norms and values through this process, including those associated with being male or female. The process of acquiring one’s gender identity is called GENDER ROLE SOCIALISATION. We are going to look at the role of the mass media as an agent of gender role socialisation. http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qsy 3 Bblcj. CA
� Why do women shave their arms and legs? � Why is rugby seen to be a man’s sport? � Why don’t men wear dresses? Gender Discussion
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