INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR v. The multi-disciplinary study of people, groups, and their behavior and interactions in organizations. v. Why? v. What influences behavior?

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT v Goal? v Soldiering v People are rational, economic beings that will act on their own interests. v Four steps Ø Break the job down Ø Scientifically select and train ù Repetition Ø Supervise employees ù Monitor employees ù Piecework Ø Plan the work

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT: EVALUATION v. Limitations Ø Ø v. Contributions? ØSpecific practices? ØJobs/Industries?

Human Relations Movement: The Hawthorne Studies ILLUMINATION STUDY Tested the impact of lighting on productivity l Uncovered the “Hawthorne Effect” l l l Workers produced more because managers paid attention to them. Shifted management focus from purely economic to humanistic WIRING ROOM STUDY Tested the influence of individual and group behavior l Workers’ output influenced by: l Group norms l Social pressures l Informal organization l l Impetus for field of organizational behavior

HUMAN RELATIONS ASSUMPTIONS v. Individual attitudes and behaviors are important v. Organizations are social systems v. Our behavior is shaped by the social context v. Informal work group may have a stronger impact on behavior than management actions and economic rewards v. Jobs should enable people to develop and grow v. Basic Principle Ø Job satisfaction = Productivity

Mc. CGREGOR’S THEORY Y • Motivated • Able • Need freedom to fulfill potential THEORY X • Lazy • Dislike work • Avoid responsibility • Must be tightly controlled

HUMAN RELATIONS: EVALUATION v. Limitations? v v v. Contributions?

MODERN THEORIES v. Contingency Perspective v. Systems Perspective ØInterrelated elements functioning as a whole ØOrganizations are open systems

THE ORGANIZATION’S ENVIRONMENT The Individual • Motivation • Skills & Abilities • Perception • Personality • Attitudes • Values Interpersonal Influence and Group Behavior Organizational System/Structure l. Group l. Leadership behavior and work teams l. Intergroup conflict and negotiations l. Organizational power and politics l. Communication INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR IN THE ORGANIZATION l. Communications l. Decision making l. Reward System l. Job Design

Environmental Forces v