Introduction to Operating Systems Lesson 14 Novell Netware

Introduction to Operating Systems Lesson 14 Novell Netware 6. 0 Gorman, Stubbs, & CEP Inc. 1

Objectives l l l 2 Install Net. Ware server software 6. 0 Describe Novell’s network objects. Effectively use Novell Console. One to create NDS objects. Manage a Net. Ware file system with volumes, directories, and files. Create Net. Ware users and groups. Secure the Net. Ware network environment. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Pre-installation of Netware 5. 1 3 Minimum Hardware Requirements Recommended Processor Intel Pentium II or higher processor Display Super VGA or higher resolution DOS partition At least 200 MB or higher with 200 MB of free space Memory At least 256 MB of RAM Network board One or more network boards Mouse PS/2 USB or serial mouse CD-ROM 18 X or higher speed CD-ROM drive Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Other Necessary Tools l l l Net. Ware 6. 0 operating system CD Net. Ware 6. 0 License and Cryptography diskette DOS 3. 3 or later (Novell DOS 7 is included on the Net. Ware 6. 0 License/Cryptography diskette) – 4 Do not use the version of DOS that comes with Windows 98 or NT. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

The Three Stages of Installing Netware 1. Creating a DOS partition 2. Text-based portion of setup 3. Graphical portion of setup 5 Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Novell’s Network Objects l l l NDS (Novell Directory Services) is a global database of network objects and users. NDS uses a tree structure to organize all network objects. There are three major objects contained in the NDS database: – – – 6 Root objects Container objects Leaf objects Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

The Root Object l l l 7 The root object is the beginning of the NDS tree. All NDS objects exist in the root. Each NDS tree can have only one root. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

The Container Object l l Container objects organize the NDS tree. There are four main types of container objects: – – 8 Organization objects Organizational Unit objects Country objects Locality objects Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

The Leaf Object l l Leaf objects hold information about network resources, such as servers and printers. The system creates two leaf objects during installation: – – 9 The Net. Ware Server object The Admin user object Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Novell Console. One l l 10 Console. One is an administrative utility that provides a single point of administration for network resources. Console. One requires a 200 MHz or faster processor, 128 MB of RAM, and 37 MB of disk space. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Disk Management l The main components of the Net. Ware file system are – – – 11 Volumes Directories Files Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Volumes l l Volumes are used to organize the network space that is allocated for storing programs and files for access by the network. The system can use volumes to allocate disk space in three ways: – – – 12 One volume per disk drive Multiple volumes per disk drive One volume spanning multiple disk drives (up to 32) Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Data Storage l l l 13 Data is stored in volumes in units called blocks. A block is the amount of data read to or written from a volume at a time. Suballocation allows data from multiple files to be stored on the same block. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Guidelines for Using Volumes l Up to 64 volumes are definable on one Net. Ware Server. The following rules apply to volumes: – – – 14 Volume names must be from 2 to 15 characters long. Each volume on the server must have a different name. Spaces, commas, backslashes, and periods are invalid characters in volume names. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Suggested Guidelines for Using Volumes l l l 15 Always reserve the SYS volume for operating system files. Create one or more volumes for applications and data files. If fault tolerance is vital, create only one volume per disk drive. If disk performance is vital, span volumes over multiple disk drives. If both performance and fault tolerance are important, mirror the disk drives Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Directories l l Directories organize files and restrict the amount of space that certain users or applications can use on a volume. The operating system stores required files and utilities in three directories on the SYS volume: – – – 16 Login directory Public directory System directory Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Guidelines for Creating Directories l l As a network administrator, you are responsible for creating directories necessary for the company to meet its needs. There are four directory types suggested by Novell: – – 17 Application directories Shared directories DOS directories User Home directories Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Files l l 18 Files are used to store data on the network. At the beginning of each volume, Net. Ware stores the filename, location, owner, creation/access dates, and attributes in an area called the directory entry table (DET). Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

File and Folder Security l l 19 The type of file system used on the drive determines the level of security that can be set. With NTFS, owners and administrators can set file and folder security. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Creating Users l l 20 Before creating user and group objects, the container object must be created that will hold these users and groups. Properties can be assigned to each user to control their access to the network. To make the creation of many users with common restrictions easier, it is possible to create user templates. Single users and user templates are created using the Console. One utility. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Creating Groups l l 21 Groups are created to provide two or more users access to shared resources, rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users. Groups are created using the Console. One utility. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

The Netware Security Model l l 22 Login Security—Used to ensure that only authorized users have access to the network. NDS Security—Used to control users’ abilities to view, access, create, or modify objects and their associated properties. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Login Security l l 23 User account restrictions can be set up to make sure that the user logging onto the network is authorized to do so. Intruder detection works at the container level by setting a limit on the number of incorrect login attempts that can be made by a user within the container. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

NDS Security l l All objects have a property called the Access Control List (ACL). This contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object. There are two categories of user rights: – – 24 Object rights Property rights Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Object Rights 25 Right Ability Supervisor Grants all access privileges Browse Grants the right to see objects in the directory tree Create Grants the right to create objects in the directory tree; only for container objects Delete Grants the right to delete an object from the directory tree Rename Grants the right to rename an object in the directory tree Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Property Rights 26 Right Ability Supervisor Grants all rights to the property Read Grants the right to view the stored values in the properties field Compare A special type of Read property that allows the user to compare the value of a property to a fixed value returning the value of True or False without revealing the contents of the property Write Grants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property Add Self Grants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Summary l l 27 Novell has a global database of network objects and users called NDS to which all servers on the network have access. The NDS database contains three major objects: the root object, container objects, and leaf objects. Console. One is the Net. Ware administrative tool that provides a single point of administration. The main components of the Net. Ware file system are volumes, directories, and files. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Summary (continued) l l l 28 To establish security in a network environment, every user needs to have a unique logon name. Because some of the user object properties are common to many users, you can create User Templates within each container object to make creating user objects simpler. Rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users, you can create a group with access rights. A Net. Ware administrator must ensure that the network is properly secured, including limiting users of the network to the resources they need to accomplish their daily tasks. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0

Summary (continued) l l l 29 NDS Security allows users to view, access, create, or modify objects and their properties. All objects have an ACL property which contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object. Rights are divided into object rights and property rights. Effective rights are the actual rights a user has to an object; they declare what actions a user can perform with NDS objects. Lesson 14 – Novell Net. Ware 6. 0