Introduction To Medical Technology Lab 15 Glucose test

Introduction To Medical Technology - Lab 15 - Glucose test

Introduction † Blood glucose is the main sugar that the body made from the food in the diet. † Glucose is a simple sugar (a monosaccharide). The body produces it from protein, fat and, in largest part, carbohydrate. Glucose is carried through the blood stream to provide energy to all cells in the body. Ingested glucose is absorbed directly into the blood from the intestine and results in a rapid increase in blood glucose. † Cells cannot use glucose without the help of insulin. † Glucose is also known as dextrose.

Types Of Blood Glucose Tests Hemoglobin A 1 C † This test provides an overview of your blood sugar (glucose) level over a three-month timespan Fasting Blood Glucose † (formerly called 'Fasting Blood Sugar' or FBS). This test measures the level of glucose in the blood after fasting for at least 8 hours. Random Blood Glucose † This test is performed via blood draw at the lab when you're not fasting. It gives an indication into how your body handles the increased blood sugar levels triggered by eating. In general, a random blood glucose test result over 200 mg/d. L may indicate diabetes. Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) † For this test, the person has a fasting glucose test done, then drinks a 75 gram glucose drink. Another blood sample is drawn 2 hours after the glucose drink.

The Principle Of Glucose Test † Glucose present in the plasma is oxidized by the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOD) to gluconic acid with the liberation of hydrogen peroxide, which is converted to water and oxygen by the enzyme peroxidase (POD). † 4_aminophenazone, an oxygen acceptor, takes up the oxygen and together with phenol forms a pink colored chromogen which can be measured at 500 nm. † Glucose + O 2 + 2 H 2 O GOD Gluconate + 2 H 2 O 2 † 2 H 2 O 2 + 4 -aminophenazone + phenol POD quinoneimine + 4 H 2 O (Coloured complex)

Clinical Significance † The detection of glucose in body fluids is important in the diagnosis of diabetes and in the investigation of hypoglycemia. Specimen † Serum or plasma † Plasma is the specimen of choice for glucose estimation. Plasma glucose level is stable for 6 hours at room temperature (25 -35 °C) or stable for 24 hours at 2 -8°C. It is important that plasma should be separated from the cells soon after collection, preferably within 30 min.

Procedure Blank Standard Sample Reagent __ Standard 10µl __ __ 1. 0 ml Sample __ 10µl 1. 0 ml † Mix and incubate for 10 min at 20 -25 °C or 5 min at 37 °C. Measure the absorbance of the standard and the sample against the reagent blank at 500 nm within 60 minutes.