Introduction to Human Factors Chap 1 Three episodes

Introduction to Human Factors Chap 1

Three episodes： ► An assembly-line worker ► Medicine ► bottle’ s print Voice response system

Introduction to Human Factors ► What Is the Field of Human Factors? ► An Overview of the Book

What Is the Field of Human Factors? (1/3) ► Ambiguous communications: a U. S. Navy cruiser in conflict-ridden Persian Gulf ► Goal § § § of human factors Enhances performance: productivity , error Increases safety Increases user satisfaction Human factors involves the study of factors and development of tools that facilitate the achievement of these goals

What Is the Field of Human Factors? ► The cycle of human factors (2/3) Figure 1. 1 § Identification of Problems § Analysis Tools: task analysis, statistical analysis, incident/accident analysis § DESIGN − Equipment design: physical equipment − Task design: what operators do − Environmental design: lighting, temperature, noise, … − Training: better preparing − Selection: individual differences

What Is the Field of Human Factors? (3/3) ► Fixing ► The systems vs. Designing systems Scope of Human Factors Study of Human Factors as a Science

The Scope of Human Factors 1/2 ► Goal-oriented rather then content-oriented ► What human factors professionals do Figure 1. 2 ► The relationship between human factors Figure 1. 3 § Core disciplines − Human factors, Ergonomics, Engineering psychology, Cognitive engineering § Subdomains of study within human factors § Related field of psychology and engineering § Domain-specific engineering disciplines

The Scope of Human Factors 2/2 ► The relationship between human factors Figure 1. 3 § Human factors vs. Engineering psychology − Ultimate Goal: Human factors: toward system design Engineering psychology: understand human mind as is relevant to the design of systems − Emphasis: Engineering psychology : discovering generalizable psychological principles and theories Human factors : usable design principles

The Study of Human Factors as a Science ► Generalization and prediction § (e. g. ) Communications Air traffic control center and the aircraft − Workers on a noisy factory floor − Doctors and nurses in an emergency room − ► Nature of observation § Laboratory: highly controlled observations and experiments § Human behavior of real users of real systems § Most effective: from lab to real environment

An Overview of the Book ► Four basic sections § Different research techniques & design methodologies. (Ch. 2, 3) § The nature of human information processing. (Ch. 4 -9) § The nonpsychological issues of human factors. (Ch. 10 -14) § Specific domains of application of human factors. (Ch. 15 -19)