Introduction to HPUX 11 i v 2 HPUX

Introduction to HP-UX 11 i v 2 HP-UX 11 i v 1 -> 11 i v 2 Delta Support Training

Module Objectives Upon completion of this module, you will be able to • List and describe the major changes in HP-UX 11 i v 2 in the following areas – Supported systems and hardware – Firmware and boot environment Installation System configuration System administration Commands Programming and development environment – – – [Rev. # or date] 2

Release Review Official Name Release Identifier Architecture B. 11 PA-RISC HP-UX 11 i Version 1. 5 (v 1. 5) B. 11. 20 Intel® Itanium® HP-UX 11 i Version 1. 6 (v 1. 6) B. 11. 22 Intel® Itanium® HP-UX 11 i Version 2 B. 11. 23 Intel® Itanium® B. 11. 31 Intel@Itanium, PA_RIS HP-UX 11 i Version 1 HP-UX 11 i Version 3. 1 [Rev. # or date] (v 1) (v 2) 3

Terminology Differences rp 7410 rp 8400 Superdome Chassis Codes Activity Logs BCH HPMC Errorlog PCI TOC Single Bit Error (SBE) ASIC SBE [Rev. # or date] rx 7620 rx 8620 HP Integrity Superdome Event Ids Forward Progress Log (FPL) Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) Machine Check Abort (MCA) System Event Log (SEL) PCIX INIT Correctable Machine Check (CMC) Correctable Platform Error (CPE) 4

Supported Systems and Hardware Supported Systems cc. NUMA Supported Peripherals

Supported Systems Matrix Existing Intel® Itanium® 2 (Mc. Kinley) platforms • zx 2000, zx 6000, rx 2600, rx 5670, NEC u 32000, Hitachi ha 8500 New/Updated Integrity Systems Model # Project Name # CPUs Max IO Slots zx 2000 Wilson’s Peak 1 -2 5 PCI, 1 AGP zx 6000 Long’s Peak 1 -2 3 PCI, 1 AGP rx 2600 Long’s Peak 1 -2 4 rx 4640 Mt. Diablo 1 -4 6 rx 5670 Everest 1 -4 10 rx 7620 Eiger 2 -8 15, 2 Core I/O rx 8620 Olympia 2 -16 16, 2 Core I/O Integrity Superdome Orca 2 -64 192 Not supported: i 2000, rx 4610, rx 9610, NCR i 870 [Rev. # or date] 6

Workstations and Entry-level Servers Workstations • zx 2000 (Wilson’s Peak) – 1 GHz (Deerfield) Processor with 1. 5 MB L 3 Cache • zx 6000 (Long’s Peak) – 1 -2 CPUs – 1. 3 GHz Madison Processor w/6 MB L 3 Cache (New!) – 1. 5 GHz Madison Processor w/6 MB L 3 Cache (New!) Entry-level Servers • All now shipping with 1. 3/1. 5 GHz Madison processor – rx 2600 (also Long’s Peak) • 1 -2 CPUs, 4 PCI, 2 U – rx 4640 (Mt. Diablo) • 1 -4 CPUs, 6 PCI, 4 U – rx 5670 (Everest) • 1 -4 CPUs, 10 PCI, 7 U [Rev. # or date] 7

Cell-based Servers Mid-range • rx 7620/rx 8620 (Eiger/Olympia) – Itanium®-based versions of the rp 7410 and rp 8400 High-end • HP Integrity Superdome (Orca) – – Significant bus bandwidth improvements from PA-RISC Support Management Station (SMS) is Windows 200 x PC Notable Characteristics of all cell-based systems • All cells must be Intel Itanium processors • No mixing processors (1. 3 vs. 1. 5 GHz) within partition • New cell boards based on Pinnacles chipset [Rev. # or date] 8

cc. NUMA Support HP's cell-based platforms are cc. NUMA • cc. NUMA = cache coherent, Non-Uniform Memory Access • Latency and bandwidth of a same-cell memory access is better than accessing memory on a different cell For cc. NUMA platforms, HP-UX 11 i v 2 is cc. NUMA-aware • Maintains good behavior for applications that are not cc. NUMA-aware • Gives cc. NUMA-aware applications the ability to control their memory placement as well as processor placement Core feature of HP-UX 11 i v 2 [Rev. # or date] 9

Storage Card Support for Interrupt Migration & PCI OLAR • Not all cards (see Release Notes for details) SCSI Cards • 1 and 2 -port Ultra 160 SCSI (A 6828 A and A 6829 A) – Multi-initiator configurations supported • 1 and 2 -port LVD Ultra 2 SCSI (A 5149 A and A 5150 A) • 2 -port SCSI/LAN Combo (A 5838 A) • Limitations for A 5149 A, A 5150 A, and A 5838 A – – No boot/OLAR/multi-initiator/Service. Guard support Default SCSI parameters only • Unsupported 2 -port HVD Ultra 2 SCSI (A 5159 A & A 5159 B) – 1 -port FWD SCSI (A 4800 A) Fibre Channel Adapters (A 5158 A and A 6795 A) – • A 5158 A supported for in-box upgrades only • #Support for A 6826 A sometime after initial release [Rev. or date] 10

Supported Storage Devices Disk Arrays (Supported off of A 6795 A Only) • • XP 512/48 XP 1024/128 VA 7110, VA 7400 and VA 7410 EVA 3000 and EVA 5000 JBODs • DS 2100, DS 2110, DS 2300 Archival Tape • Sure. Store Tape Libraries – LVD only, 90 -days after HP-UX 11 i v 2 SR [Rev. # or date] 11

Other Supported I/O Cards Networking • • • 4 -port 10/100 B-T Ethernet (A 5506 B) FDDI Dual Attach Adapter (A 3739 B) ATM 155 Mbps MMF Adapter (A 5513 A) Token Ring Adapter (A 5783 A) 2 -port X. 25 Adapter (J 3525 A) 1000 B-T Ethernet (A 8685 A) 1000 B-T and 1000 B-SX Ethernet (A 6825 A and A 6847 A) 1000 B-T Ethernet on Core I/O (A 6794 A) Legacy 1000 B-T and 1000 B-SX Ethernet (A 4929 A and A 4926 A) 10/100 B-T (RJ-45) (A 5230 A) Hyper. Fabric II (A 6386 A) Other • 8 -port and 64 -port Mux (A 6748 A and A 6749 A) • New ATI Fire GL cards (A 9653 A and A 9654 A) [Rev. # or date] 12

Firmware and Boot Environment Changes Itanium-based System Overview Firmware Components Comparison Boot Disk Layout Comparison

Itanium-based System Overview [Rev. # or date] 14

Firmware Components Comparison PA-RISC Intel Itanium Role PDC Processor Abstraction Layer (PAL) Consistent firmware interface to abstract processor implementation-specific features IODC System Abstraction Layer (SAL) Firmware interface that isolates OS and other higher level software from implementation differences in the platform BCH Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) Primary pre-OS boot environment. Defines interfaces used by system in booting OS ISL HPUX Boot loader PDC Downcalls ACPI/IPMI Primary runtime interface for the OS. Used to provide system configuration information and an interface for things like power management. [Rev. # or date] 15

Boot Disk Layout Comparison MBR – Master Boot Record Partition Table • Describes locations of partitions on the disk EFI System Partition • First partition on the boot drive containing the EFI images, FAT 32 • Contains drivers, applications, and vendor tools HP Service Partition • Created by default on cold install or recovery, 400 MB, FAT 32 • Contains Online and Offline Diag tools and data [Rev. # or date] 16

Miscellany Scalable Boot • Parallel ioscans, reduce boot time by up to 95% setboot Command • Support for setting the High Availability Alternate boot path • Speedy. Boot Named Kernel Configurations • Can now boot to a named kernel configuration Waived Defect JAGae 79536 • HPUX bootloader leaks memory if interrupted multiple times Boot Authentication • Protect standard system against unauthorized booting into single user mode without converting to trusted mode system [Rev. # or date] 17

Installation Changes Cold Install and Update Support Install-time Security - Bastille

Cold Install and Update Support Update from HP-UX 11 i v 1. 6 Servers only • Update from HP-UX 11 i v 1 or HP-UX 11 i v 1. 5 not supported • No support for update from HP-UX 11 i v 1. 6 MTOE • Cannot update to higher OE – Update to equivalent OE first, then install higher OE • No support for update from xx 2000 or xx 6000 workstations • Note that i 2000, rx 4610, rx 9610 are not supported at all HP Service Partition will not be created during update • Result will be reduced offline diagnostic functionality Cold Install Advantages • HP Service Partition will be created on Boot Disk • Use of Ignite-UX server makes standard configurations easy • Partitions will be sized for HP-UX 11 i v 2 [Rev. # or date] 19

Install-time Security - Bastille is a security hardening/lockdown tool • Introduces new, out-of-the-box security functionality. Bastille 2. 1. 1 open source security is built into install process • May also appear during update, if B 6849 AA is chosen Bundle chosen determines degree of security • Take care! Highest levels disable most network access – If any level is activated, logging in as root over network is disallowed • Secure Shell is the only allowed method as DMZ level, for example Bundle Name Effect on System Behavior Sec 00 Tools Install security infrastructure only Sec 10 Host-based lockdown Sec 20 Mng. DMZ Lockdown Sec 30 DMZ Full lockdown [Rev. # or date] 20

System Configuration Changes Kernel Configuration Changes Resource Partitioning n. Partition Management

Reconfiguring the Kernel System restart not always necessary! GUI CLI kcweb kconfig kctune kcmodule Kernel Configuration Option 1: Configure Boot and Reboot Alternate Kernel Config Option 3: Configure Alternate [Rev. # or date] Kernel Executable Running Kernel Option 2: Configure Dynamically 22

Kernel Configuration Changes Overview Functionality Changes Obsoleted Cmds config(1 M), kmadmin(1 M), kminstall(1 M), kmmodreg(1 M), kmsystem(1 M), kmupdate(1 M) Deprecated Cmds kmtune(1 M), kmpath(1 M), and mk_kernel(1 M) kcweb(1 M) (Kernel Configuration tool), kcusage(1 M), New Commands/Utilities kcalarm(1 M), kconfig(1 M), kcmodule(1 M), kctune(1 M), kclog(1 M), and kcpath(1 M) Tunables Made Dynamic many file system tunables New Dynamic Tunables max_thread_proc, nkthread, maxdsiz, many file system tunables, many others Obsoleted Tunables shmem (VM), sema (PM), mesg (PM), maxusers, others Other Changes • You no longer compile the kernel • You no longer backup or copy kernel executables to other systems • Instead, you now manage kernel “configurations” [Rev. # or date] 23

Resource Partitioning i. COD 6. 0 • Always installed • Email connectivity required only for temporary capacity PPU 6. 0 supported PRM (v C. 02. 01) • PRM now supports Vx. VM for disk bandwidth management • Kernel support for Real Time Extensions to processor sets WLM (v A. 02. 01) • • • Utility (wlminfo(1)) for monitoring workloads and their SLOs Auditing and billing information Adjust # of CPUs in PSET-based workload groups based on SLOs Passive mode to test a given WLM configuration Capture stderr of data collectors Temporarily remove groups with no active SLOs WLMTK (v A. 01. 04. 01) • Toolkit for BEA Web. Logic Server [Rev. # or date] 24

n. Partition Management n. Partition Commands • Management scope extended to remote partitions and complexes • Support management of Cell Local Memory (CLM) • New command - cplxmodify(1 M) • Full integration with i. COD 6. 0 Complex security enabled with Configuration Privilege Restriction n. Partition Provider (v B. 01. 00) • New, provides WBEM-based framework for remote mgmt Parmgr (v B. 11. 23. 01. 00) • Web-based interface, other changes [Rev. # or date] 25

Administration Changes SAM Servicecontrol Manager System Security File System Compressed Crash Dump Networking Support High Availability Support

SAM Changes The Peripheral Devices functional area is obsolete • Cards and Device List replaced by the web-based Peripheral Devices tool (pdweb(1 M)) • SAM provides a launch point for pdweb Kernel Configuration area is obsolete • This functionality replaced by Kernel Configuration tool (kcweb(1 M)) • SAM provides a launch point for kcweb(1 M) SAM GUI can be used to perform configuration and management of DHCPv 6 and IPv 6 related tasks [Rev. # or date] 27

Servicecontrol Manager Changes Supported Systems • • Itanium-based HP-UX server support on HP-UX 11 i v 2 Linux servers (Red. Hat, Su. SE) supported for the CMS Su. SE support for CMS and agent Certified HP Pro. Liant Linux agents Multiple CMS support • Individual nodes can share more than one CMS • Provides redundancy and/or sharing across groups Other Changes • • • Web-based application integration XML file format Better GUI – uses html for faster response Browser connection to CMS now uses SSL WBEM services added [Rev. # or date] 28

Overview of System Security Changes Boot Authentication • Prevents boot to single-user mode w/o password Bastille 2. 1. 1 • Lockdown tool w/standard levels, chosen during install PAM Kerberos • Increased security and standards conformance Shadow Passwords • Conforms to de-facto standard, not supported w/NIS or NIS+ Strong Random Number Generator • New, truly unpredictable Evecve • Kernel ignores setuid and setgid bits on scripts for security reasons Security Patch Check 1. 3 HP-UX Secure Shell (v A. 03. 01) [Rev. # or date] 29

Overview of File System Changes Dynamically Configurable File Systems • DLKM file systems – Mostly infrastructure, CDFS and Vx. FS only • Dynamic tunable parameters, automatic tunables VERITAS File System (Vx. FS) 3. 5 • PA-RISC version on Software Pack since December ’ 02 and available on software. hp. com - now on Itanium-based systems • Cluster File System, Large File System enablement Large Files and File Systems • Up to 2 TB files, 4 TB file systems • No API changes • Some impacts for non-rebuilt 32 -bit legacy applications [Rev. # or date] 30

Compressed Crash Dump Reduces time and space for memory dump • Takes ~ ⅓ disk space of uncompressed dump • Takes ~ ⅓ time to save crash dump Used in conjunction with selective dump Targeted toward high-end systems • Requires at least 5 processors, 64 bits • Reverts to uncompressed if requirements aren’t met Related changes • New dynamic tunable to enable/disable • Commands updated - crashconf(1 M), savecrash(1 M), crashutil(1 M) • Dump analysis tools updated: q 4, p 4, adb(1) [Rev. # or date] 31

Networking Support IPv 6 networking support • • Next generation Internet Protocol Provides infrastructure for newer Internet devices Most of network “stack” of products updated Dual IPv 4 and IPv 6 support HP-UX Web Server Suite (v. 1. 0. 06. 01) • Many enhancements and upgrades Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) (v A. 01. 05. 01) • HP-UX implementation of the DMTF (Distributed Management Task Force) WBEM standard Internet Services Products • Many revised commands and updated services Networking commands • Changes to lanscan(1 M), lanadmin(1 M), linkloop(1 M), nettl(1 M), others • New ndd(1 M) tunables [Rev. # or date] 32

High Availability Support MC/Service. Guard (v A. 11. 15. 00) • Supports VXVM 3. 5, Service. Guard Manager 3. 0, IPv 6 MC/Service. Guard NFS Toolkit (v A. 11. 23. 01) • Functionally equivalent to version A. 11. 02 (on HP-UX 11 i v 1) MC/Service. Guard Quorum Server (v A. 2. 0) • Supports multiple HP-UX and/or Linux Clusters Enterprise Cluster Master Toolkit (v. B. 01. 08) • HP-UX 11 i v 1 supports version B. 01. 09 which supports Sybase version 12. 0 and Enterprise Server 3. 6 (not supported by v B. 01. 08) PCI OLA/R • Improved functionality and increased performance • Functionality available through pdweb(1 M) setboot(1 M) • Provides new option, -h, to specify HA alternate boot path [Rev. # or date] 33

Other Key Administration Changes Event Monitoring Service (EMS v A. 04. 00. 01) • Framework and GUI are 32 -bit native apps • HA Monitors available as 32 -bit native binaries • New EMS CLI for managing persistent monitoring requests Processor Sets available in kernel by default • Available as optional software pack in HP-UX 11 i v 1 CDE • Supports IPv 6 (Internet Protocol version 6) • Provides more accessibility to desktop for physically challenged users [Rev. # or date] 34

Commands Changes Machine Identification Changes Other Changes to Commands

Machine Identification Changes Print machine information using new machinfo(1) Changed output style from model(1) • Delimited by space, not / New parameters for getconf(1) • MACHINE_IDENT • PARTITION_IDENT • MACHINE_SERIAL New confstr(3 C) • Replaces uname(2) for obtaining unique machine identification number [Rev. # or date] 36

Command Changes Summary User and Group commands now write audit records User Accounting commands modified to use new inmemory databases Obsolete commands in several areas • Unix-to-Unix commands • DOS commands • LIF commands New commands and new options to support • I/O – – OLA/R Interrupt migration • File system management • Kernel configuration and tuning [Rev. # or date] 37

Programming and Development Environment Changes Mx. N Threads Compilers and Interpreters Tools and Toolkits Libraries Debuggers Adaptive Address Space Internationalization

Mx. N Threads Mx 1 [Rev. # or date] 1 x 1 Mx. N 39

Compilers and Interpreters C Compiler • ANSI C 89 standard, majority of C 99 extensions, no K&R a. C++ Compiler • Rogue Wave’s Tools. h++ v 7. 1. 1 functionality Java • Support for Java 2 Platform – Version 1. 3 and 1. 4 – SDK, RTE, and JPI Fortran 2. 7 • Full Fortran 95 compiler, based on International ANSI/ISO standards Perl 5. 8. 0 source code base • Not binary compatible with earlier releases Aries 1. 7 • Allows transparent emulation of PA-RISC/HP-UX applications on Itanium-based HP-UX systems • Support for Mx. N Threads, performance improvements [Rev. # or date] 40

Tools and Toolkits HP-UX Developers Toolkit (B 3394 BA) • Not part of any OE, download from http: //software. hp. com Software Transition Kit (STK) 1. 9 • Supports transition from HP-UX 11 i v 1. 6 to HP-UX 11 i v 2 ld(1) and dld. so(5) • Support for lazy loading, direct binding • Supports static and dynamic Thread Local Storage (TLS) model shared libraries • Other new functionality HP Caliper 3. 0 • Numerous functional and performance improvements Software Developer’s Kit • Support for Java 2 [Rev. # or date] 41

Libraries – New and Changed, 1 of 2 HP only provides Itanium-based shared libraries libc • Support for Auto. FS, IPv 6, new Network API, floating hex I/O • Support for shared libraries with Thread Local Storage Unwind Library - libunwind • Name change on Itanium-based systems - libunwind. so • New APIs (Unwind Express) for faster unwind New Linux compatible API library - libhplx New C++ Support Library - libstd_v 2 • Supports the ANSI, ISO/IEC-14882 standard libpthread now supports • Mx. N thread model • Dynamic loading of shared libraries containing TLS [Rev. # or date] 42

Libraries – New and Changed, 2 of 2 Math Libraries • Performance improvements, new functions in HP-VML and HP MLIB Multiple Shared Library Profiling (MSLP) support • gprof(1) now able to profile multiple shared libraries New mmap(2) flag • Allows mapping into device registers or memory HP MPI v 1. 8. 3 • Supports Hyper. Messaging Protocol WTShared. X Bundle changes include IPv 6 support Open. GL (v 1. 2) supports new graphics cards [Rev. # or date] 43

Debuggers wdb 4. 0 • Major functionality and performance improvements • Supports source-level debugging of a program written in HP C, HP a. C++ and Fortran 90 on HP-UX 11 i v 1. 6 and later kwdb 2. 2 • Bundled with HP-UX 11 i v 2 • Supports debugging of any PA-RISC system running HP-UX 11. 0 or later or any Itanium-based system • Supports DLKM, MP debugging • Other functionality improvements, e. g. , q 4 mode and Perl scripting adb • • Support for Mx. N threads Multiprocessor dump reading support 64 -bit DLKM dump Many other changes [Rev. # or date] 44

Adaptive Address Space Created to ease porting to HP-UX • HP-UX uses Single/Global Address Space (SAS) model – Most other implementations (Solaris, Linux, Tru 64) use Multiple Address Space (MAS) • MAS model gives applications more control over the use of the address space (removes Quadrant boundaries) Changes process Address Space Layout (ASL) • Mostly Global Address Space (MGAS) – Default behavior, address space looks like it always has • Mostly Private Address Space (MPAS) – New address space layout allows use of AAS features Will have negative performance impacts [Rev. # or date] 45

Internationalization Many changes, including • System level support for 16 Latin and South American Locales • Unicode 3. 0 support • Greek Euro support • Changes to Simplified Chinese Input Method • True. Type fonts for HP-UX supported Asian languages/locales • Enhanced mainframe converters for Japanese characters [Rev. # or date] 46

Miscellany DCE • DCE client applications on Itanium-based systems can work with a DCE server on a PA-RISC system Software Package Builder • Visual method to create and edit software packages using the HP-UX Software Distributor (SD) package format – Has both GUI and Command Line Interface (CLI) CDE • CDE applications and its libraries and subsystems are delivered as PA on Itanium-based platform – Run through Aries (PA compatibility) [Rev. # or date] 47

Module Summary This module described • Major changes in HP-UX 11 i v 2 in the following areas – Supported systems and hardware – Firmware and boot environment Installation System configuration System administration Commands Programming and development environment – – – [Rev. # or date] 48

Exercises/Labs Paper-based Exercises Hands-On/Lab Exercises