INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR THE PARTS OF SPEECH YOUR

INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR THE PARTS OF SPEECH

YOUR SECRET DECODER RING A SORBISH OF BILM AND CHURVY FILBS KRIMMED BESIDE A SNARFY DORGE. n WHAT COLOR WERE THE FILBS? n COPY SENTENCE AND REPLACE WITH REAL WORDS. n LABEL PARTS OF SPEECH n

NOUN PERSON n PLACE n THING n IDEA n

PRONOUN REPLACES A NOUN OR ANOTHER PRONOUN n “SHE” INSTEAD OF MS. CHRISTIANSEN OR TEACHER n

ADJECTIVE DESCRIBES OR TELLS MORE ABOUT A NOUN OR A PRONOUN n THE “PRETTY” GIRL n

VERB ACTION n STATE OF BEING n SHE “RAN”- ACTION n SHE “IS” - BEING n

ADVERB DESCRIBES OR TELLS MORE ABOUT A VERB, AN ADJECTIVE, OR ANOTHER ADVERB n SHE RAN “QUICKLY”. n

PREPOSITION SHOWS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A NOUN OR PRONOUN AND ANOTHER WORD IN THE SENTENCE. n SQUIRREL TO A TREE n HE RAN “TO” THE HOUSE. n

CONJUNCTION CONNECTS WORDS, PHRASES, OR CLAUSES IN A SENTENCE. n “AND” “BUT” “OR” “NOR” n

INTERJECTION WORD OR PHRASE USED TO EXPRESS EMOTION n “HEY” “WOW” n

PARTS OF A SENTENCE TYPICAL ENGLISH SENTENCE = SUBJECT, VERB, OBJECT n SUBJECT = WHO OR WHAT PERFORMS THE ACTION OF THE SENTENCE n PREDICATE = WHAT THE SUBJECT DID OR WHAT HAPPENED TO THE SUBJECT n SIMPLE v. COMPLETE n

COMPOUND SENTENCES n n n COMPOUND SUBJECT THE AURORA BOREALIS AND THE AURORA AUSTRALIS ARE TWO OF NATURE’S GREAT LIGHT SHOWS. COMPOUND VERB OR PREDICATE THE LIGHTS GLIMMER AND RIPPLE ACROSS THE NIGHT SKY. A MAGNETIC STORM IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE CAUSES THE LIGHTS AND CREATES THEIR EERIE, SHIFTING PATTERNS.

TYPES OF SENTENCES 4 TYPES OF SENTENCES n DECLARATIVE – TO STATE A FACT, WISH, INTENT, OR FEELING n INTERROGATIVE – TO ASK A QUESTION n IMPERATIVE – TO GIVE A COMMAND, REQUEST, OR DIRECTION n EXCLAMATORY – TO EXPRESS STRONG FEELING n

SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES FIND THE VERB FIRST n INVERTED SENTENCES – ITERROGATIVE “HAVE ANY BOTANISTS IN YOUR AREA ENCOUNTERED AN INSECT-EATING COBRA LILY? ” n WITHIN ITS LONG, SLIPPERY LEAVES LIES A DEATH TRAP FOR CARELESS BUGS. n

SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH “HERE” OR “THERE” n THERE ARE SEVERAL OTHER CARNIVOROUS PLANTS BESIDES THE COBRA LILY. n HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES: VENUS FLYTRAPS, SUNDEWS, AND BLADDERWORTS. n

COMPLEMENTS DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS n NOTHING CAN ESCAPE A BLACK HOLE. n THE FORMULA n THE HUBBLE TELESCOPE SHOWED SCIENTISTS AN ENORMOUS BLACK HOLE. n THE FORMULA n

COMPLEMENTS SUBJECT COMPLEMENT – FOLLOWS A LINKING VERB AND IDENTIFIES OR DESCRIBES THE SUBJECT n THE AMAZON IS A VERY WIDE RIVER – OVER SIX MILES IN PLACES. n PREDICATE NOMINATIVE = NOUN n IN PLACES, NEITHER BANK IS VISIBLE FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE RIVER. n PREDICATE ADJECTIVE = ADJECTIVE n

FOR TOMORROW AND THE NEXT DAY… IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF THE SENTENCE n VISUALIZING THE SENTENCE DIAGRAMMING n