Introduction to Geographic Information Systems GIS using Arc
- Slides: 24
Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) using Arc. Map 9. 0 Tuesday September 26 th, 2005 Marcel Fortin GIS & Map Librarian University of Toronto marcel. fortin@utoronto. ca
Agenda n n n What is a GIS? Examples of GIS Issues and problems/obstacles to using GIS Software and Data Hands-on
Objectives n n n Understand the basic premise of GIS Learn the basics of GIS software and databases Learn the basics of different geographic datasets
What is a GIS? n A GIS is a computer application with the capacity to assemble, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced information
What is not a GIS? n n n A GIS is not a digital map (a digital map is only one of the outputs of a GIS) A GIS is not a graphic design tool A GIS is not a replacement for maps
GIS - An Analogy n n GIS is to geographic display what a word processor is to writing In that same sense, whereas using word processing software does not make you a professional writer then using GIS software does not make you a cartographer
What is geographic data? n n n In order to use a GIS, your data has to fit in the software in one way or another Data is georeferenced if it has a geographic field. These are more numerous than you imagine postal codes Province City longitude and latitude lot numbers concession numbers census tract wards etc.
Example of a GIS www. mapquest. com
Example of a GIS 0. 5000000 0. 0000000 -0. 5000000 627995. 1250249 4836671. 8749751 1999 Aerial photograph (Triathlon Inc. )
Example of a GIS DMTI Spatial’s Street Network File for Ontario
Example of a GIS 1999 Orthorectified Aerial photograph overlayed with the DMTI Spatial’s Street Network file for Ontario
Example of a GIS Map of French Language Population in Toronto, Census of Canada 2001
Example of a GIS 1870’s Map of Toronto with the Gardiner Expressway overlayed. Note the highway’s location!
Example of a GIS 1870’s map of Toronto showing current lots in the city of Toronto. Note the lots set on top of a lost stream (Garrison Creek)
Complex GIS examples Digital Elevation Model / 3 d View data of mountains in the Eastern Townships, Québec ncols 1370 nrows 996 xllcorner 656445. 92 yllcorner 4984392. 2 cellsize 30 NODATA_value -9999 9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 198. 901 198. 901 198. 901 198. 901 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999 -9999
Complex GIS examples Digital Elevation Model of Mountains in the Eastern Townships, Québec
GIS Software n n We will be using ESRI’s Arc. Map. Industry leader but also the Microsoft of GIS Many other brands of software running on many different platforms, including Mapinfo, Idrisi, PCI, Microsoft Map. Point, GRASS, and others
GIS Issues n n n Data Access, availability, and price in Canada (Data Culture) Data Quality Software access and price Computing Training
GIS Data Access at the University of Toronto Library n http: //www. library. utoronto. ca/maplib
GIS Data Access n n n Data is expensive Data is often inaccessible Data often does not exist (soil attribute data example) Licensing issues Reproduction issues (copyright)
GIS Data Access – Free Data n www. geobase. ca n www. geogratis. com n www. geographynetwork. ca n www. gisdatadepot. com
What will you be doing today? Downloading Data from the Map Library Web Pages n Loading data in Arc. GIS n – one layer – several layers Working with varying Geographic Coordinate systems n Exporting a Map n
What will you be doing thursday? n n n n Linking Datafiles Arc. Toolbox – Converting GIS to Autocad – Converting SID to TIF – Moving files Clipping Layers by geography Extracting data using SQL statements Exporting Layers Introduction to Arc. Catalog Digital Elevation Modeling using Arc. Scene
Questions? Feel free to contact us at the Map Library at gis. maps@utoronto. ca for further help
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