Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Chapter 10 Fluid Machinery

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Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Chapter 10 Fluid Machinery © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Chapter 10 Fluid Machinery © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Main Topics ü Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Turbomachinery Analysis ü Performance

Main Topics ü Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Turbomachinery Analysis ü Performance Characteristics ü Applications to Fuid Systems © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Positive Displacement ü Turbomachines • Radial-Flow (Centrifugal)

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Positive Displacement ü Turbomachines • Radial-Flow (Centrifugal) • Axial-Flow • Mixed-Flow © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • • Pumps Fans Blowers Compressors © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid • Hydraulic Turbines (Impulse and Reaction) • Gas Turbines (Impulse and Reaction) © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a

Introduction and Classification of Fluid Machines ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis üThe Angular Momentum Principle Apply to Control Volume: © Fox, Pritchard, &

Turbomachinery Analysis üThe Angular Momentum Principle Apply to Control Volume: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis üEuler Turbomachine Equation Mechanical Power: Theoretical Head: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc.

Turbomachinery Analysis üEuler Turbomachine Equation Mechanical Power: Theoretical Head: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis üVelocity Diagrams © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis üVelocity Diagrams © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump • Negligible torque due to surface forces

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump • Negligible torque due to surface forces (viscous and pressure). • Inlet and exit flow tangent to blades. • Uniform flow at inlet and exit. • Zero inlet tangential velocity © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump (Continued) Head Equation: Shutoff Head: © Fox,

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump (Continued) Head Equation: Shutoff Head: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump (Continued) © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Example: Idealized Centrifugal Pump (Continued) © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid Hydraulic Power: Pump Efficiency:

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid Hydraulic Power: Pump Efficiency: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid Hydraulic Power: Turbine

Turbomachinery Analysis ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid Hydraulic Power: Turbine Efficiency: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, &

Performance Characteristics ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard,

Performance Characteristics ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed Flow Coefficient: Head Coefficient: Power Coefficient:

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed Flow Coefficient: Head Coefficient: Power Coefficient: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed Torque Coefficient: © Fox, Pritchard, &

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed Torque Coefficient: © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed: Specific Speed (Customary Units): © Fox,

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed: Specific Speed (Customary Units): © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Dimensional Analysis and Specific Speed © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Performance Characteristics ü Similarity Rules For Dynamic Similarity: … and … … so …

Performance Characteristics ü Similarity Rules For Dynamic Similarity: … and … … so … © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox,

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pump

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pump Wear © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pumps

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pumps in Series © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pumps

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Pumps in Parallel © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans,

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans, Blowers, and Compressors © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans,

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans, Blowers, and Compressors © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans,

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Fans, Blowers, and Compressors © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Positive-Displacement

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Positive-Displacement Pumps © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Propellers

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Doing Work on a Fluid • Propellers Speed of Advance Coefficient: Thrust, Torque, Power Coefficients, and Propeller Efficiency © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid •

Applications to Fluid Systems ü Machines for Extracting Work (Power) from a Fluid • Hydraulic Turbines • Wind-Power Machines © Fox, Pritchard, & Mc. Donald