Introduction to Embedded Systems Lesson 1 Definition classification

Introduction to Embedded Systems Lesson 1: Definition, classification, Skills Required, Application Examples, . . 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 1

Definitions: “An Embedded System is a computer based system for an application(s) or product with dedicated software embedded in it. It may be an independent system or part of large system. – Present Book 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 2

“It is any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself intended to be a general purpose computer. ” – Wayne Wolf, Ref: 79 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 3

“Embedded Systems are the electronic systems that contain a microprocessor or a microcontroller, but we do not think of them as computers- the computer is hidden or embedded in the system. ” – Todd D. Morton, Ref: 77 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 4

2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 5

Three Classes of the Embedded Systems 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 6

1. Small scale system – Single 8 or 16 bit microcontroller, little hardware and software complexities, C or Java as development platform, … 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 7

2. Medium Scale System - Single or few 16 or 32 bit microcontrollers or DSPs or RISCs, may also employ the readily available ASSPs and IPs in the hardware, use complex software design tools: ‘C’, Source code engineering tool, RTOS, IDE (Integrated Development Environment) as the development platform, … 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 8

3. Sophisticated system – enormous hardware and software complexities, may also employ scalable or configurable processors and FPGAs, needs hardware and software co-design and integration in the final system, used for the cutting edge applications, for example, an i. Pod or Smart mobile phone 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 9

Design Skills Requirement l Embedded System development is a team work of software and hardware engineers of various skills. Exemplary skills required are C/C++/Java/J 2 ME/Visual C++/. NET programming, RTOS programming, APIs, programming for device drivers, IOs, APIs and network interfaces, …. 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 10

Program and Design Modeling, Uses of Inter-Process Communication, Use of ICE, Lab Programming, Assemblers, Simulators, IDE, Debugging and Source code Engineering tools, Project Management, System Integration, . . 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 11

Exemplary Application Areas – Also refer to Section 1. 5. 1 pp. 37 -39 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 12

Summary We learnt l (i) definition of an embedded system, l (ii) classification of the embedded systems, l (iii) design team skills required and l (iv) exemplary application-areas. 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 13

End of Lesson 1 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 14

Look at this sunflower, a nature’s gift – How does the nature embed its software? The flower rotates its face continuously towards the Sun. 2006 Chapter-1 L 1: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" , Raj Kamal, Publs. : Mc. Graw-Hill, Inc. 15