Introduction to Earth Science Open Closed Isolated systems

• The Earth is made up of a bunch of interconnected, interdependent SYSTEMS.

• A SYSTEM in Life Science- made of many interacting parts

• A SYSTEM in a chemistry class – look at all the interacting

• A system in society – Ithaca public school SYSTEM What are the

• Three kinds of systems Isolated Closed Open

• OPEN SYSTEM – both matter and energy can go in or out

• CLOSED SYSTEM – matter cannot go in or out, but energy still

• ISOLATED SYSTEM – neither matter nor energy can move in or out

Soda is a closed system. Light and heat can go into the bottle, but

Open- energy can go in and out and so can matter

• Do you think planet Earth is closed or open? Energy comes in

• Earth’s system has 4 major components – they are basically SUB-SYSTEMS •

• Cycles in the 4 spheres There is a continuous cycling of energy

Example of interactions in the 4 spheres For example, the seeds of a plant

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Introduction to Earth Science • Open, Closed & Isolated systems • The Four Spheres

• The Earth is made up of a bunch of interconnected, interdependent SYSTEMS. • • What is a SYSTEM? “A collection of interacting objects. ”

• A SYSTEM in Life Science- made of many interacting parts

• A SYSTEM in a chemistry class – look at all the interacting parts

What are the parts of this SYSTEM?

What energy goes into this system?

• A system in society – Ithaca public school SYSTEM What are the interacting parts to our system? • Kids • Teachers • Administrators • Parents • Buildings • Books • Sports

• Three kinds of systems Isolated Closed Open

• OPEN SYSTEM – both matter and energy can go in or out

• CLOSED SYSTEM – matter cannot go in or out, but energy still can

• ISOLATED SYSTEM – neither matter nor energy can move in or out This type of system doesn’t really exist, because energy (especially high powered waves) can get into ANYTHING. We don’t know of a substance that can keep them from spilling out or coming in. Even the low energy heat waves can spill out of this thermos eventually.

• Open or closed system?

Soda is a closed system. Light and heat can go into the bottle, but no matter can go in or out when the cap is on.

• Is the lake an open or closed system?

Open- energy can go in and out and so can matter

• Do you think planet Earth is closed or open? Energy comes in from the sun, and some of that energy leaves due to reflection or being reemitted as different waves. • Overall it is considered CLOSED, even though some matter does come in everyday from outer space (dust and meteorites) •

• Earth’s system has 4 major components – they are basically SUB-SYSTEMS • Atmosphere – layer of gases surrounding Earth • Biosphere – all living organisms on Earth • Hydrosphere - all the water on Earth • Geosphere – the solid part of Earth we stand on • Do you think they are open or closed systems?

• Cycles in the 4 spheres There is a continuous cycling of energy and matter between the different spheres. • Think about how matter and energy flow into and out of the …. • • Hydrosphere • Atmosphere • Biosphere • Geosphere

Example of interactions in the 4 spheres For example, the seeds of a plant (biosphere) are placed in the ground (geosphere), from which they receive nutrients for growth. In order to sustain life, they receive water (hydrosphere) and carbon dioxide (atmosphere). They do not merely receive: they also give back oxygen to the (atmosphere), and by providing nutrition to an animal, they contribute to the (biosphere) as well.