Introduction to Computing Slides By ADEELA MUSTAFA Input
Introduction to Computing Slides By ADEELA MUSTAFA
Input (5 th –Chapter) What Is Input is any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer, people have a variety of options for entering data and instructions into a computer. Once data is in memory, the computer interprets and executes instructions to process the data into information. Instructions entered into the computer can be in the form of programs, commands, and user responses.
Input What Are Input Devices An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions (programs, commands, and user responses) into a computer. Depending on the application and your particular requirements, the input device selected. For Example Storage devices, such as disk drives, serve as both input and output device.
Input The Keyboard A keyboard is an input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer Desktop computer keyboards typically have from 101 to 105 keys. All desktop computer keyboards have a typing area that includes the letters of the alphabet, numbers, punctuation marks, and other basic keys. Many desktop computer keyboards also have a numeric keypad on the right side of the keyboard. A keyboard also contains other keys that allow users to enter data and instructions into the computer. Keyboards with media control buttons allow you to control your media player program, access the computer’s optical disc drive, and adjust speaker volume. Internet control buttons allow you to open an e-mail program, start a Web browser, and search the Internet. Some keyboards have USB ports so that you can plug a USB device directly in the keyboard instead of in the system unit.
Input A wireless keyboard, or cordless keyboard, is a battery-powered device that transmits data to the system unit using wireless technology, such as radio waves (Bluetooth) or infrared light waves (Ir. DA).
Input Pointing Devices A pointing device is an input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen. In a graphical user interface, a pointer is a small symbol on the screen whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device. A pointing device can be used to move the insertion point; select text, graphics, and other objects; and click buttons, icons, links, and menu commands. Mouse A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably. The mouse is the most widely used pointing device on desktop computers With a mouse, users control the movement of the pointer, often called a mouse pointer in this case. As you move a mouse, the pointer on the screen also moves. Generally, you use the mouse to move the pointer on the screen to an object such as a
Input button, a menu, an icon, a link, or text. Then, you press a mouse button to perform a certain action associated with that object. Most desktop computer users today have some type of optical mouse, which uses devices that emit and sense light to detect the mouse’s movement. Some use optical sensors, and others use a laser, The latter, often referred to as a laser mouse. A newer type of mouse, called an air mouse, is a motion-sensing mouse that, in addition to the typical buttons, allows you to control objects, media players.
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Input Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display device. Touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time are known as multi-touch Users can interact with touch screens by touching areas of the screen. Because touch screens require a lot of arm or hand movements, you do not enter large amounts of data using a touch screen. Some models of desktop computers and notebook computers, including netbooks and Tablet PCs, and many mobile devices have touch screens. A recently developed touch screen, called Microsoft Surface, is a 30 -inch tabletop display that allows one or more people to interact with the screen using their fingers or hands.
Input Touch-Sensitive Pads Portable media players that do not have touch screens typically have a touch-sensitive pad, which is an input device that enables users to scroll through and play music, view pictures, watch videos or movies, adjust vol- ume, and/or customize settings. Touch sensitive pads typically contain buttonwith s and/or wheels that are operated a thumb or finger. For example, users rotate a Click Wheel to browse through the portable media player’s song, picture, or mov ie lists and press the Click Wheel’s buttons to play or pause media, display a me- nu, and perform other actions.
Input Game Controllers Video games and computer games use a game controller as the input device that directs movements and actions of on-screen objects. Game controllers include gamepads, joysticks and wheels, light guns, dance pads, and a variety of motion-sensing controllers. Gamepads A gamepad, which is held with both hands, controls the movement and actions of players or objects in video games or computer games. On the gamepad, users press buttons with their thumbs or move sticks in various directions to trigger events. Gamepads communicate with a game console or a personal computer via wired or wireless technology.
Input Joysticks and Wheels Users running game software or flight and driving simulation software often use a joy stick or wheel to control an airplane, vehicle, or player. A joystick is a handheld vertical lever mounted on a base. You move the lever in different directions to control the actions of the simulated vehicle or player. The lever usually includes buttons, called triggers, that you press to initiate certain events. A wheel is a steering-wheel-type input device. Users turn the wheel to simulate driving a car, truck, or other vehicle. Most wheels also include foot pedals for acceleration and braking actions. Joysticks and wheels typically attach via a cable to a personal computer or game console.
Input Light Guns A light gun is used to shoot targets and moving objects after you pull the trigger on the weapon. most light guns work by detecting light. When the user pulls the trigger, the screen uses one of several techniques to send light, which is received by a receptor in the barrel of the gun. Light guns typically attach via a cable to a game console or personal computer. Dance Pads A dance pad is a flat electronic device divided into panels that users press with their feet in response to instructions from a music video game. These games test the user’s ability to step on the correct panel at the correct time, following a pattern that is synchronized with the rhythm or beat of a song.
Input Game Controllers Video games and computer games use a game controller as the input device that directs movements and actions of on-screen objects. Game controllers include gamepads, joysticks and wheels, light guns, dance pads, and a variety of motion-sensing controllers. Gamepads A gamepad, which is held with both hands, controls the movement and actions of players or objects in video games or computer games. On the gamepad, users press buttons with their thumbs or move sticks in various directions to trigger events. Gamepads communicate with a game console or a personal computer via wired or wireless technology.
Input Digital Cameras a digital camera is a mobile device that allows users to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally, instead of on traditional film. The three basic types of digital cameras are studio cameras, field cameras, and point-and-shoot cameras. The most expensive and highest quality of the three is a studio camera, which is a stationary camera used for professional studio work. Often used by photojournalists, a field camera is a portable camera that has many lenses and other attachments. As with the studio camera, a field camera can be quite expensive. A point-and-shoot camera is much more affordable and lightweight and provides acceptable quality photographic images for the home or small business user.
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Input Digital Camera Photo Quality One factor that affects the quality of digital camera photos is its resolution. Resolution is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device. A pixel (short for picture element) is the smallest element in an electronic image. The greater the number of pixels the camera uses to capture a picture, the better the quality of the picture. Digital camera resolutions range from approximately 4 million to more than 16 million pixels(MP). A camera with a 7. 1 MP (7, 100, 000 pixels)resolution will provide a better quality than one with a 4 MP resolution. As a general rule, a 4 MP camera is fine for photos sent via e-mail or posted on the Web. For good quality printed photos, users should have a 5 MP camera for 4 * 6 inch photos, a 6 MP camera for 8 * 10 photos, and 7 MP or greater camera for larger size prints or more professional results.
Input Manufacturers often use pixels per inch to represent a digital camera’s resolution. Pixels per inch (ppi) is the number of pixels in one inch of screen display. For example, a 2304 * 1728 (pronounced 2304 by 1728) ppi camera has 2, 304 pixels per vertical inch and 1, 728 pixels per horizontal inch. Multiplying these two numbers together gives an approximate total number pixels. For example, 2304 times 1728 equals approximately 4 million, or 4 MP. The actual photographed resolution is known as the optical resolution. Some manufacturers state enhanced resolution, instead of, or in addition to, optical resolution. Optical resolution is different from enhanced resolution. The enhanced resolution usually is higher because it uses a special formula to add pixels between those generated by the optical resolution.
Input Video input is the process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer’s storage medium such as a hard disk or optical disc. A digital video (DV) camera, by contrast, records video as digital signals instead of analog signals. Many DV cameras can capture still frames, as well as motion. To transfer recorded images to a hard disk or optical disc, users connect DV cameras directly to a USB port or a Fire. Wire port on the system unit. Web Cams A Web cam, also called a PC video camera, is a type of digital video camera that enables a home or small business user to capture video and still images, send e-mail messages with video attachments, add live images to instant messages, broadcast live images over the Internet, and make video telephone calls. During a video telephone call, both parties see each other as they communicate over the Internet.
Input Web Cam Digital Camera Scanner
Input Scanners and Reading Devices Some input devices save users time by eliminating manual data entry. With these devices, users do not type, speak, or write into the computer. Instead, these devices capture data from a source document, which is the original form of the data. Examples of source documents include time cards, order forms, invoices, paychecks, advertisements, brochures, photos, inventory tags, or any other document that contains data to be processed. Optical Scanners An optical scanner, usually called a scanner, is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form the computer can process. Four types of canners are flatbed, pen, sheet-fed, and drum
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Input Optical Readers An optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read characters, marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process. Two technologies used by optical readers are optical character recognition and optical mark recognition. character recognition (OCR) is a technology that involves reading typewritten, computer printed, or hand-printed characters from ordinary documents and translating the images into a form that the computer can process. Optical Mark Recognition Optical mark recognition (OMR) is a technology that reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles.
Input Bar Code Readers A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner, is an optical reader that uses laser beams to read bar codes by using light patterns that pass through the bar code lines. A bar code is an identification code that consists either of a set of vertical lines and spaces of different widths or a two-dimensional pattern of dots.
Input RFID Readers RFID (radio frequency identification) is a technology that uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person. RFID tags, which contain a memory chip and an antenna, are available in many shapes and sizes and sometimes are embedded in glass, labels, or cards. Some RFID tags are as small as a grain of sand; others are the size of a luggage tag. An RFID reader reads information on the tag via radio waves. RFID readers can be handheld devices or mounted in a stationary object such as a doorway.
Input Magnetic Stripe Card Readers A magnetic stripe card reader, often called a magstripe reader, reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit cards, entertainment cards, bank cards, and other similar cards. The stripe, which is divided in three horizontal tracks, contains information identifying you and the card issuer. Some information stored in the stripe includes your name, account number, the card’s expiration date, and a country code.
End Thank You All (have a nice day)
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