Introduction to Community Oriented Policing Presented by The

Introduction to Community Oriented Policing Presented by: The Florida Regional Community Policing Institute at St. Petersburg College With Funding from: Department of Justice, COPS Office http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Getting Started • • • Introduction and Pretest Introduction of Instructor RCPI Paperwork Review of Course Goals View “Building Bridges” video http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Course Goals • Participants will: – Understand the history & development of community policing – Understand the nature of police – community partnerships – Understand the basic elements of a genuine community policing philosophy – Demonstrate an understanding of the problem solving process and documenting results http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Unit Two: Introduction to Community Oriented Policing • Historically law enforcement was tasked to non military local groups within a village • Public Shaming without trial common tool to maintain order • “Professional Policing” first conceived by Sir Robert Peel http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Development of Modern Policing by Sir Robert Peel. • 1829, Peel presented “An Act for Improving the Police in and near the Metropolis” to Parliament = First Metro Police Force in London • NINE (9) timeless Peel’s principles in course book: • #1 – Prevent Crime and Disorder • #2 - Public approval of police existence http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Peel’s Principles Continued • • #3 – Secure willing cooperation (of the public) #4 – Cooperation diminishes with the necessity for the use of force #5 – Constant demonstration of absolute impartiality in police service #6 – Use only the minimum of force necessary http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Peel’s Principles Continued • • • #7 – Police are the public and the public are the police #8 – Never appear to usurp the powers of the judiciary #9 – Police efficiency = absence of crime and disorder http: //cop. spcollege. edu

History of Modern Policing in the U. S. • First professional police force developed out of the “Ward Concept” in NYC – 1844 • Police find themselves tied to politics and political leaders to the point of being hired and supervised by politicians http: //cop. spcollege. edu

th 20 Century Policing in U. S. • 1920 – August Vollmer develops mobile police force, M. O. files, and wants cops to seek higher education • 1930’s O. W. Wilson enhances height and weight requirements for police plus promotes quick response, preventative patrol and follow up investigations and higher education http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Problems with the “Professional Model” of Policing • Events of the 1960’s were turbulent times for law enforcement • 1968 President’s Commission on Crime results in significant $$$$ being placed in law enforcement programs of all types and description in the 1970’s http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Unit Three: Defining Community Policing: Learning Objectives of this Unit: • Understand Community Policing is a philosophy – not a program or strategy • Accurately define and identify Community Policing • Explore how Community Policing Principles are applied http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Three General Policing Strategies • Traditional – typical 911 reactive response to criminal activity • Problem Oriented Policing – proactive process using police analysis with little or no input from community • Community Oriented Policing – coactive approach incorporating working relationship between community and police http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Understanding the Community Policing Philosophy • Based upon partnerships between police and the communities they serve • Empower communities to help make things better • Allows communities to become self reliant • Enhances the overall quality of life http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Principles of Community Oriented Policing • Community Policing values the traditional tools of arrest and prosecution • Community Policing shifts cop focus from responding to individual incidents to addressing root problems using problem solving techniques • Officers must be empowered by being supported and given time, trust and commitment by administration http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Differences between Traditional and Community Policing See comprehensive chart in Course Manual on PAGE 13 http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Unit Four: Police / Community Partnership and Problem Solving • • Learning Objectives of this Unit: Acquaint Participants with nature and importance of police community partnerships Identify essential elements of developing partnerships Introduce the SARA Problem Solving model Provide helpful ideas for conducting community meetings http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Understanding Police / Community Partnerships • Spontaneous Mobilization – is a short lived reaction to an incident(s) which quickly dissipates • Planned Mobilization – long ranged process involving education, motivation and organization which yields long ranged solutions http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Community Policing KEY Components are: • PARTNERSHIPPING • PROBLEM SOLVING http: //cop. spcollege. edu

The Problem Solving Process • Community Perceptions are their reality and perceptions must be engaged and dealt with • Dealing only with problem symptoms and not with problem root never yields desired result • Too much symptom dealing wastes $$ and community loses confidence in agency and agency personnel http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Key Elements and Techniques of Problem Solving • Problem = a basic unit of police work consisting of a group or pattern of crimes, calls, cases or incidents • A problem concerns community & police; not just police • Problems must be accurately defined before a workable solution can be achieved http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Key Elements and Techniques of Problem Solving Continued • Department’s level of response must be acknowledged (No one has unlimited $$$$$) • Problem must be understood by those persons affected • Responses must be proactive • Responses must be evaluated • Circle of Concern – Circle of Influence http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Unit Five: SARA Problem Solving Model Learning Objectives of this Unit: • Understand the four components of the SARA problem solving process • Acknowledge the essential importance of community participation and input • Allow participants to practically use the SARA problem solving model http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Benefits of SARA Process • Provides a formal procedure to be used uniformly be adapting agency • Increases likelihood of effective solution being achieved • Relies on the direct input, expertise and creativity of line level officer • Requires involvement of the community http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Steps of the SARA Problem Solving Method • “S”can – Identify the Problem • “A”nalyze - Understand the Problem • “R”espond – Developing a problem solution • “A”ssess – Evaluate the effectiveness of the plan and what remains to be done http: //cop. spcollege. edu

SARA – Practice Problem (Scenario) Here’s a simple scenario which illustrates the application of the SARA problem solving method http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Other Effective Problem Solving Principles • Old patterns hinder new solutions • Trial and Error may work as well as logic • Use observers to identify processes and how and through whom problems are solved • Anticipate problems • Remove as much emotion as you can http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Analysis and Assessment of Problem Information • Beyond the problem incidents themselves, one must understand the social and physical context of the problem events • The most ignored or under developed step in the SARA process is the accurate assessment of the process to determine whether goals were accomplished http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Unit Six: Identifying Resources Learning Objectives of this Unit: • To acquaint participants with the process of identifying resources • How to identify potential resources • Speak to the many resources currently being used by community policing officers http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Resource Development • Development of community resources can mean around the clock attention is being paid to community problems • All neighborhood problems are important • “Minor” concerns can develop into enormous problems over time • Engage the community http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Identifying Police Information and Activity Sources • Consider both formal and informal information gathering processes • Some community leaders will never come to a meeting – identify and go to them • Do not overlook the unique types of information available from specific sections of your own agency • Consider utilizing the media and community surveys http: //cop. spcollege. edu

Consider these other courses offered by the Florida RCPI • • Police - Community Partnerships Problem Solving for CPO & Citizen Survival Skills for CPO Building Bridges: CPO’s & Citizens Changing Roles: Supervising CPOs Effective Media Skills for LEO Reaching Goals through Codes Enf. Crime Prevention - CPTED http: //cop. spcollege. edu