Introduction to Cells Discovery of Cells The Cell

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Introduction to Cells

Introduction to Cells

Discovery of Cells The Cell - the basic unit of an organism What piece

Discovery of Cells The Cell - the basic unit of an organism What piece of scientific equipment do you think needed to be invented before this was possible? … The microscope!

The Cell Theory – 3 rules you must know 1. All organisms are composed

The Cell Theory – 3 rules you must know 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells. Viruses are NOT considered living cells Wacky History of Cell Theory

Overview of cell types Prokaryotes (no nucleus) Eukaryotes (have nucleus) Plant cell Animal cell

Overview of cell types Prokaryotes (no nucleus) Eukaryotes (have nucleus) Plant cell Animal cell

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Don’t have a nucleus Have a nucleus Don’t have organelles Have organelles

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Don’t have a nucleus Have a nucleus Don’t have organelles Have organelles Are very simple Are more advanced Oldest form of life Ex: bacteria Ex: plants, animals, fungi, protists

Eukaryotes have Organelles Eukaryotic cells contain a variety of structures inside them called ORGANELLES

Eukaryotes have Organelles Eukaryotic cells contain a variety of structures inside them called ORGANELLES Special structures in a cell that each have their own special job. “Little organs”

Organelles found in All Eukaryotes (have nucleus) Plant cell Animal cell

Organelles found in All Eukaryotes (have nucleus) Plant cell Animal cell

Nucleus Controls the cell’s life processes Stores genetic material (DNA) “Control Center” of the

Nucleus Controls the cell’s life processes Stores genetic material (DNA) “Control Center” of the cell

Cytoplasm Where all the chemical reactions occur. A jelly-like substance that the organelles float

Cytoplasm Where all the chemical reactions occur. A jelly-like substance that the organelles float in

Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) Thin barrier that surrounds the cells Controls transport of materials

Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) Thin barrier that surrounds the cells Controls transport of materials in and out of the cell Waste exits cell through the membrane

Mitochondria “Powerhouse” of the cell Takes food and turns it into energy for the

Mitochondria “Powerhouse” of the cell Takes food and turns it into energy for the cell (Cellular Respiration)

Vacuoles Stores food, waste, and water A “storage container” for the cell

Vacuoles Stores food, waste, and water A “storage container” for the cell

Ribosome Makes proteins Proteins are needed for growth and repair of a cell

Ribosome Makes proteins Proteins are needed for growth and repair of a cell

Lysosome Breaks down food and old cell parts.

Lysosome Breaks down food and old cell parts.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Makes fats and proteins (in ribosome) Golgi Packages and ships materials

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Makes fats and proteins (in ribosome) Golgi Packages and ships materials in the cell “Fed. Ex” of the cell

Centrioles Only found in animal cells and help with cell reproduction

Centrioles Only found in animal cells and help with cell reproduction

Organelles found only in Plants • Cell Wall – firm wall around cell that

Organelles found only in Plants • Cell Wall – firm wall around cell that provides support & protection • Chloroplast – use energy from the sun to make food (photosynthesis)

Summary: Animal vs. Plant cell Animal Cell • Round shape • Has centrioles Plant

Summary: Animal vs. Plant cell Animal Cell • Round shape • Has centrioles Plant Cell • Square shape • No centrioles • Large vacuole in center • Has cell wall

See If You Can Answer These… 1. Which factor contributed most to the development

See If You Can Answer These… 1. Which factor contributed most to the development of the cell theory? A) the discovery of many new species during the last century B) the development in advanced techniques to determine the chemical composition of substances C) the increase in knowledge concerning factors influencing the rate of evolution D) the improvement in microscopes and microscopic techniques during the last two centuries 2. Which statement is not part of the cell theory? A) Cells are the structural units in living things 19

Which of the following describes a prokaryotic cell? A) contain membrane bound organelles B)

Which of the following describes a prokaryotic cell? A) contain membrane bound organelles B) do not have a nucleus C) have a nucleus 20

Cell Discovery and Theory Chapter 7 Cell DiscoveryCell Discovery and Theory Chapter 7 Cell Discovery
Cell Organelles Transport Cell Discovery Microscopes CELL THEORYCell Organelles Transport Cell Discovery Microscopes CELL THEORY
CELL DISCOVERY OF CELL The cells are structuralCELL DISCOVERY OF CELL The cells are structural
Cells Cell Structure and Functions Cell Discovery nCells Cell Structure and Functions Cell Discovery n
Eukaryotic Cells Discovery of the Cell Cells wereEukaryotic Cells Discovery of the Cell Cells were
Eukaryotic Cells Discovery of the Cell Cells wereEukaryotic Cells Discovery of the Cell Cells were
CELLS Discovery Cells Bill Nye Cells BASIC STRUCTURECELLS Discovery Cells Bill Nye Cells BASIC STRUCTURE
CELLS DISCOVERY OF CELLS Cells were initially discoveredCELLS DISCOVERY OF CELLS Cells were initially discovered
Discovery Service Discovery servicePreindexed metadata Discovery ServiceFederated searchDiscoveryDiscovery Service Discovery servicePreindexed metadata Discovery ServiceFederated searchDiscovery
Discovery Groups Discovery Groups Leading a Discovery GroupDiscovery Groups Discovery Groups Leading a Discovery Group
Makeup Discovery Discovery scope of discovery Old versionMakeup Discovery Discovery scope of discovery Old version
The Cell Cell Parts Cell Membrane Cell WallThe Cell Cell Parts Cell Membrane Cell Wall
Cell Types and Cell Organelles Cell Theory CellCell Types and Cell Organelles Cell Theory Cell
CELL MEMBRANE CELL TRANSPORT CELL MEMBRANE Cell membraneCELL MEMBRANE CELL TRANSPORT CELL MEMBRANE Cell membrane
CELL STRUCTURE Cell Structure Cell wall Cell membraneCELL STRUCTURE Cell Structure Cell wall Cell membrane
struct CELL cell 1 cell 2 cell 3struct CELL cell 1 cell 2 cell 3
CELL BIOLOGY CELL COMMUNICATION CELL SIGNALING CELL COMMUNICATIONCELL BIOLOGY CELL COMMUNICATION CELL SIGNALING CELL COMMUNICATION
Cell Cycle Cell Cycle Cell proliferation Cell divisionCell Cycle Cell Cycle Cell proliferation Cell division
CELL AND CELL COMPONENTS Cell Beginner Cells AdvancedCELL AND CELL COMPONENTS Cell Beginner Cells Advanced