Introduction to Arthropods Order Acarina Ticks Zoological Classification

Order: Acarina (Ticks) Zoological Classification/ Systematics of tick Phylum: Arthopoda Sub phylum: Chelicerata (Chelicerae

Classification of Diptera Arthopoda Phylum Class Insecta Order Diptera Sub-Order Nematocera Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Family

Head: Eyes: Simple or compound Mouth parts Antenna Diochoptic (female) Holoptic (male)

Nematocera Antenna Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Plumose Stylet type Pilose Arista Type Mouth part & Maxillary

Neck: Legs Wings Claw Empodium, pad like structure Pulvilli Leg of a Mosquito

Nematocera Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Wing (Cross Vein) Tabanus Musca domestica Sand fly Stomoxys calcitrans Black

Fig: Wing of Tsetse fly( Butcher's Cleaver shaped discal cell)

Internal Anatomy Circulatory system Bood: Plasma/Haemolymph/fluid part Bood corpuscles/ Haemocytes

Digestive system Internal Anatomy 1. Fore gut/Stomodeum (Buccal cavity, Pharynx, esophagus, crop, Proventiculus)/Gizzard have

Excretory system Nervous system: Supraoesophageal ganglion=Brain Ganglionated Nerve Cord Sensory Organ: Eye Antenna Plap

Vector: 1. Mechanical Vector 2. Biological vector a. Cyclopropagative transmission (multiplication + Cyclical changes)

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Introduction to Arthropods

Order: Acarina (Ticks) Zoological Classification/ Systematics of tick Phylum: Arthopoda Sub phylum: Chelicerata (Chelicerae digit, shaft, base) Class: Arachnida (pedipalp, 4 pairs of legs) Sub-class: Acari (Fusion of body segment) Order: Acarina (Stigmatal pores) Sub-order: Ixodoidae (Metastigmata; spiracle, hypostome, sensory organs) Family: Ixodidae (Hard ticks) Argasidae (Soft ticks) Genus: Ixodes spp Boophilus spp Rhipicephalus spp Haemaphysalis spp Dermacentor spp Amblyomma spp Hyalomma spp Species: Boophilus microplus Argus spp Otobius spp Ornithodorus spp Argus percicus 3

Classification of Diptera Arthopoda Phylum Class Insecta Order Diptera Sub-Order Nematocera Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Family Ceratopognidae (Midges) Simulidae (Black fly) Psychodidae (Sand fly) Culicidae (Mosquitoes) Muscidea (House & Stable fly) Tabanidae (Horse fly) Calliphoridae (Blow fly) Hippoboscidae Oestridae (Forest fly & (bot fly) keds)

External Anatomy

External Anatomy Chitin? ?

Head: Eyes: Simple or compound Mouth parts Antenna Diochoptic (female) Holoptic (male)

Antenna Plumose type Pilose type

Nematocera Antenna Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Plumose Stylet type Pilose Arista Type Mouth part & Maxillary Palps Palp Piercing-sucking Mouthparts Slashing-sponging Mouthparts Sponging Mouthparts

Neck: Legs Wings Claw Empodium, pad like structure Pulvilli Leg of a Mosquito

Nematocera Brachycera Cyclorrhapa Wing (Cross Vein) Tabanus Musca domestica Sand fly Stomoxys calcitrans Black fly

Butcher's Cleaver

Fig: Wing of Tsetse fly( Butcher's Cleaver shaped discal cell)

Abdomen

Internal Anatomy Circulatory system Bood: Plasma/Haemolymph/fluid part Bood corpuscles/ Haemocytes

Digestive system Internal Anatomy 1. Fore gut/Stomodeum (Buccal cavity, Pharynx, esophagus, crop, Proventiculus)/Gizzard have vulve and teeth) 2. Mid gut 3. Hind gut /proctodeum Most absorption take place in gasrtic caecca

Respiratory system O 2 Diffusion CO 2

Excretory system Nervous system: Supraoesophageal ganglion=Brain Ganglionated Nerve Cord Sensory Organ: Eye Antenna Plap Various receptors of the body

Genital system

Vector: 1. Mechanical Vector 2. Biological vector a. Cyclopropagative transmission (multiplication + Cyclical changes) b. Cyclodevelopmental transmission (only multiplication)