Introduction Soc 3307 f Schools of Thought Quantitative

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Introduction Soc 3307 f

Introduction Soc 3307 f

Schools of Thought Quantitative Research -Meaningfully expressed by numbers -Provides counts and measures -Positivist

Schools of Thought Quantitative Research -Meaningfully expressed by numbers -Provides counts and measures -Positivist orientation Qualitative Research -Meanings, concepts, and definitions -Quality assessed through words, images, and description -Interpretivist or critical orientation

Three General Research Approaches (Paradigms) APPROACH POSITIVISM CRITICAL INTERPRETIVE USUAL TYPE OF RESEARCH experiment,

Three General Research Approaches (Paradigms) APPROACH POSITIVISM CRITICAL INTERPRETIVE USUAL TYPE OF RESEARCH experiment, survey, historicalcomparative field research, interviews PERSPECTIVE technocratic transcendent TYPE OF LOGIC reconstructed logic-in-practice PATH linear non-linear /cyclical

Quantitative/Qualitative Differences n Quantitative = deductive n Qualitative = inductive n Both involve measurement:

Quantitative/Qualitative Differences n Quantitative = deductive n Qualitative = inductive n Both involve measurement: the process of conceptualization and operationalization

Ideas and Theory The Deductive (Quantitative) Process ¨ Ideas and theory come before empirical

Ideas and Theory The Deductive (Quantitative) Process ¨ Ideas and theory come before empirical research ¨ Ideas lead to refutation through research Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2010 The Inductive (Qualitative) Process o Research leads to theory development o Research initiates, reformulates, deflects and clarifies theory

Other Distinctions: Quantitative vs. Qualitative n objective versus subjective n nomothetic versus idiographic n

Other Distinctions: Quantitative vs. Qualitative n objective versus subjective n nomothetic versus idiographic n etic versus emic perspective

Measurement in Qualitative Research Empirical Observations Working Ideas Concepts Generalizations/Theories

Measurement in Qualitative Research Empirical Observations Working Ideas Concepts Generalizations/Theories

Triangulation Theories Multiple lines of sight Researchers Data Technologies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon

Triangulation Theories Multiple lines of sight Researchers Data Technologies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2010

Triangulation: To Create a Fuller Picture of Social Reality n n Alan Bryman (drawing

Triangulation: To Create a Fuller Picture of Social Reality n n Alan Bryman (drawing on Norman Denzin) states that triangulation, “refers to the use of more than one approach to the investigation of a research question in order to enhance confidence in the ensuing findings” and is the primary rationale for using multiple methods. See Triangulation by Alan Bryman at http: //www. referenceworld. com/sage/socialsci ence/triangulation. pdf

Norman Denzin (1970) on Triangulation 1. Data triangulation, which entails gathering data through several

Norman Denzin (1970) on Triangulation 1. Data triangulation, which entails gathering data through several sampling strategies, so that slices of data at different times and social situations, as well as on a variety of people, are gathered. 2. Investigator triangulation, which refers to the use of more than one researcher in the field to gather and interpret data. 3. Theoretical triangulation, which refers to the use of more than one theoretical position in interpreting data. 4. Methodological triangulation, which refers to the use of more than one method for gathering data.

Symbolic Interactionism (Berg) n Human behavior depends on learning n Human interactions form the

Symbolic Interactionism (Berg) n Human behavior depends on learning n Human interactions form the central source of data n Participants’ perspectives form theory n Definitions of situation (W. I. Thomas) n Max Weber ¨ Verstehen ¨ Ideal types Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2010

Questions…. n What is your impression of qualitative research? n What might you be

Questions…. n What is your impression of qualitative research? n What might you be describing in qualitative research? n How can we know what is really going on in a certain context? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2010

Soc 1 Soc 2 Soc 3 Soc 4Soc 1 Soc 2 Soc 3 Soc 4
Soc 3307 f Research Report Overview Typed doublespacedSoc 3307 f Research Report Overview Typed doublespaced
Soc 3307 a Ethnographic Studies and Other TypesSoc 3307 a Ethnographic Studies and Other Types
Basics of Qualitative Research Design Soc 3307 fBasics of Qualitative Research Design Soc 3307 f
Soc 3307 f The Grounded Theory Method BenefitsSoc 3307 f The Grounded Theory Method Benefits
SOC 1 vs SOC 2 vs SOC 3SOC 1 vs SOC 2 vs SOC 3
Schools of Thought In Psychology Schools of ThoughtSchools of Thought In Psychology Schools of Thought
ECONOMIC SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT ECONOMIC SCHOOLS OF THOUGHTECONOMIC SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT ECONOMIC SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT
IAL 3307 Ground Service Management Introduction to theIAL 3307 Ground Service Management Introduction to the
English schools State schools Primary schools Infant schoolsEnglish schools State schools Primary schools Infant schools
Research Design Quantitative Quantitative Research Design Quantitative ResearchResearch Design Quantitative Quantitative Research Design Quantitative Research