Introduction Proposed Approach and Considerations Abstract Proposed Approach
Introduction Proposed Approach and Considerations Abstract Proposed Approach Collisions between deer and motor vehicles cause millions of dollars in damage and hundreds of injuries every year. The problem is especially prevalent on rural highways where deer are common and can appear on the roadway with little or no warning. Signs warning of deer crossings are very common, but are largely ineffective at preventing collisions. A system that detects deer on or near the roadway and warns approaching motorists may be more effective; especially if it warns motorists of imminent danger rather than the possibility of deer in the next several miles. The approach will be to use buried geophones to detect deer and warn motorists when they are present. The expected result is a design for a system capable of alerting motorists in remote, rural areas to the presence of deer, which should reduce the number of collisions, injuries, and fatalities. • • General Problem Statement Present strategies for reducing deer-vehicle collisions: • Can be too expensive for large scale deployment • Are static; motorists become accustomed to them • Don’t work because deer are everywhere General Solution Approach The proposed solution: • Detects deer by sensing ground vibrations • Warns motorists only when deer are present Geophones detect ground vibrations caused by deer movement Signal conditioning to amplify and filter noise Comparator circuitry to “decide” whether deer is present High-intensity LEDs warn motorists Photovoltaic power supply Technologies Considered • • • Problem Statement Infrared video Infrared motion Microcontroller-based signal processing FM broadcast warnings Small-scale wind power Testing Considerations • • • Integrity of individual components Operability of subsystems Functionality of complete system Block Diagram of Proposed Approach Estimated Resources and Schedule Concept for Proposed Solution Operating Environment Intended Users and Uses Temperature: Humidity: Precipitation: Hazards: Intended Users • Motorists • Installation/maintenance personnel Intended Use • Warn motorists of deer on/near road -10º to 100ºF 0 to 100% Rain, snow, sleet Snowplows, mowing, utility and road work • Personnel Efforts Assumptions and Limitations Assumptions • Should be less expensive and at least as effective as best current strategy • Should function year-round in remote locations with minimum maintenance • System actuation by people, wildlife, or road/shoulder/right-of-work is acceptable Limitations • Must function independent of electric grid • Must detect deer within 25 feet of roadway • Should not be susceptible to excessive nuisance alarms End Product and Deliverables Detailed Design for Highway Deer Identification System • Component specifications • Wiring diagrams and installation guidelines Prototype of detection/warning systems Project Requirements Design Objectives • • • Low Maintenance Rugged Differentiates between animals and vehicles Financial Resources Other Resources Item Labor Item Cost $7, 927. 50 Matthew Bonneau $1, 942. 50 Tony De. Louis $1, 785. 00 Nathan Schoening $2, 205. 00 Steve Schreiber $1, 995. 00 Other Resources $ 49. 10 Total $7, 976. 60 Circuit Board MOSFET Output OPAMP Input OPAMP LED's Terminal Block Poster Total Cost $ 3. 29 $ 3. 98 $ 1. 49 $ 7. 82 $ 8. 36 $ 4. 16 $ 20. 00 $ 49. 10 Project Schedule Functional Requirements • • Detects deer on and within 25 feet of road Functions without a utility power connection Must monitor 1 mile of road Ignore crossroads and driveways Design Constraints • • • Competitive with respect to cost and effectiveness Ruggedly build and low maintenance Actuation by people and non-deer wildlife is acceptable Actuation by vehicles is unacceptable Compliant with applicable codes Measurable Milestones • • Technology selection System design Prototyping Operational testing Closing Summary Deer-vehicle collisions cause millions of dollars of damage every year. Clearly, the current strategies for managing such accidents are not adequate. The proposed approach should address the major shortcomings of present practices; namely the costs associated with installing fencing and desensitization of motorists to normal passive warning signs. The end product should significantly reduce the number of deer-vehicle collisions, and therefore also the costs associated with them. More importantly, it should also reduce the number of resulting injuries and fatalities. May 07 -11 Team Information Team Members Matthew Bonneau EE mbonneau@iastate. edu Tony De. Louis EE valkure@iastate. edu Nathan Schoening EE nschoeni@iastate. edu Steve Schreiber EE steve 83@iastate. edu Faculty Advisor Client Information Dr. Degang Chen djchen@iastate. edu ECp. E Senior Design Project Website http: //seniord. ece. iastate. edu/may 0711/ Dr. John W. Lamont jwlamont@iastate. edu Prof. Ralph E. Patterson III repiii@iastate. edu
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