Introduction Parasitology Somboon Sangmaneedet Parasite vs Immunity acquire

Introduction: Parasitology Somboon Sangmaneedet

Parasite vs Immunity • acquire Immunity • พนธ อาย เพศ • passive Immunity • Humoral immunity: Ig. A, Ig. E • Cell mediated immunity: mast cell

Nomenclature • Binomial nomenclature (genus – species) Phylum Nemathelminthes Class Nematoda Order Strongylida Family Trichostrongylidae Genus Haemonchus Species controtus

PARASITOLOGY 1. Helminthology 2. Protozoology 3. Arthropodology

Helminthology • Phylum Nemathelminthes: round worm • Phylum Platyhelminthes • Class Trematoda: flat worm • Class Cestoda: tape worm • Phylum Acanthocephala • Thorny-head worm

Cuticular layer • Three layer • Outer membrane, cortical layer, inner membrane Modification • • Hook Cephalic collar Cervical ala Caudal ala

ระบบทางเดนอาหาร : alimentary system • Mouth • Lips: papillae • Ascarid: 3 lips • Spirulid: 3 lips • Strongylid, filarid: no lip • Amphids & Phasmids • chemoreceptor

• No lip • Strongylidae External leafcrown Internal leafcrown Buccal capsule Teeth Pharynx Oesophagus

Oesophagus Filariform type L 2, 3, 4, 5 of nematodes parasitic threadworms adult of strongyles

Rhabditiform free-living threadworms L 1 of nematodes

Strongyliform (bulb or club-shaped) ascarids (round worms)

Oxyuriform (double-bulb-shaped) oxyurids (pinworms)

spiruriform 2 parts : muscular / glandular spirurids

trichuriform stichosomes stichocytes Trichurids (whipworms)

INTESTINE rectum cloaca anus tail EXCRETORY SYSTEM excretory pore (antero-ventral opening) lateral excretory canal / vessel NERVOUS SYSTEM ganglia / nerve ring

sensory organs A. chemoreceptors 1. peribuccal region : amphids 2. posterior part : phasmids PHASMIDIA or SECERNENTIA APHASMIDIA or ADENOPHOREA

sensory organs B. tactoreceptors 1. cervical papillae (derids) 2. caudal / cephalic / lateral papillae 3. genital papillae

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MALE testis vas deferens / seminal vesicle (-->cloaca) spicule / gubernaculum muscle

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM FEMALE ovary / oviduct / seminal receptacle (spermatheca) uterus / vagina : ovijector muscle vulva

DEVELOPMENT OF NEMATODES fertilized egg zygote morula larva (L 1) ------> L 2 ----------> L 3 ----------> L 4 -----> L 5 (young adult) adult first molting second molting third molting fourth molting

OVIPAROUS OVOVIVIPAROUS EGGS OF NEMATODES

LIFE CYCLES 1. Direct life cycle a. egg--hatched-->L 1 --L 2 --L 3(infective stage) oral / percutanous b. egg-->not hatched-->infective egg oral

2. Indirect life cycle a. egg-->L-->inter. host--> oral route (FH) b. egg-->inter. host-->oral route(FH) c. L(circulatory system of host)--> inter. host -->biting-->Final host

Phylum Nemathelminthes Class Nematoda Subclass Secernentia or Phasmidia ORDER : ASCARIDA ORDER : OXYURIDA ORDER : RHABDITIDA ORDER : STRONGYLIDA ORDER : SPIRURIDA Subclass : Adenophorea or Aphasmidia Phylum Acanthocephala

. 1. 2 a. Trichuriform c. Rhabditiform e. Strongyliform . 3 . 4 . 5 b. Oxyuriform d. Filariform f. Spiruriform . 6