Introduction of Realism The father of realism in

Introduction of Realism • The father of realism in spoken art is Henrik lbsen. re alism was an artistic movement that began in france in the 1850. following the 1848 revolution. Realists rejected romanticism which had dominated french literature and art since the late 18 th century,

What does realism mean? • Realism is an approach to life that means dealing with the way thigs. for those who follow the doctrine of realism it's "just the facts, ma'am • Realism is the reinforcement of our common acceptance of this world as it appears to us" • The quality or fact of representing a person or thing in a way that is accurate and true to life.

Objectives of Realism • Realism was global artistic movement that began as an opposition romanticism. The main goal of realism was to present life as it truly-to portray real, typical people, their problem and situation as accurately and truthfully as it can be. • Main focus realism as literary movement was based on " objective reality ". showing everyday activities and life primarily among the middle or lower class society with idealization or dramatization.

Characteristics of realism • What is the characteristics of realism? • Realism can be comical or matter -offact sounding and usually emphasis the character rather than plot. The character are often middle class or average people, these stories relatable to the majority of society.

Criticism on realism theory • Realism (in philosophy) about a given object is the view that this object exists in reality independently of our conceptual scheme. That means for the philosophy object exist in the word weather we are there to sense their presences or not. the evolution of earth began way before we cam to be on it as homo sapiens. So clearly that reality existed before our sapiens did. it make no sense to my mind that when homo sapiens first evolved that existing physical reality change. • your prospection of the world can fool us. in other world we have visual illusion. so our perceptions cannot be realized on to give us an accurate sense of reality.

Logical Positivism • Concept of Vienna Circle • A group of philosopher gathered at the university of Vienna termed Vienna circle chaired by Mortiz Schlick proposed the concept of “neopositivism. ” • It is an anti metaphysical philosophical approach which designates scientific knowledge the only kind of a factual knowledge and all other metaphysical approaches are regarded as meaningless.

Contributions of Logical Positivism Provides the source of knowledge Logical reasoning Empirical experiences Provides scientific theory of truth Rejects every thing that can’t be verified • It works as a science of sciences • • •

Instrumentalism A philosophical view proposed by John Dewey which explains • Concepts , logics are the true instruments • These concepts and logics are not true not false • Their effectiveness is measured by ØRelevance ØHow well they explain the phenomenon

Implications/Examples Instrumentality finds its applications in ØQuantum Mechanics ØPrincipal of least action ØDNA and Genes ØFriction principle

Criticism • The major criticisms were • No ground of facts, whether these are true or false • Did deny the truth value of theories • Focused on data and prediction • According to Popper, instrumentalism didn't differentiate pure theories and computation rules.