Introduction Mango is considered as king of all

Introduction • Mango is considered as king of all fruits. India produces 80% of world's mangoes. • About 175 species of insects have been reported damaging mango plant. • Pests like Mango Hoppers, Mealy Bug and Stone Borer causes considerable damage during nursery stage of mango.

Mango Hoppers Nature of Damage: • Mango Hopper nymphs and adults suck cell sap from the tender shoots during rainy session. • Infested leaves of Mango shrivel, turn brown & ultimately fall down. • Mango Hoppers secrete honeydew like substance which encourage the growth of black sooty mold which severely affects photosynthetic activity of leaves. • Mango hoppers are known to affect the marketable quality of seedlings in the nursery. Shoot Damage by Mango Leafhopper Honeydew Secretion by Mango Leafhopper

Mango Hoppers Control • • • Spray 0. 05% Malathion 50 EC or 0. 04% Phosphamidon 85 EC in Oct- Nov. Fogging with Mixture of Malathion and Diesel in 1. 5 : 8. 5 proportion. At higher level of hopper density (>4 hopper/ shoot), spray 0. 005% Imidacloprid, while at lower density (<4 hopper/shoot), spray 3000 • • ppm Azadirachtin @ 2 ml/liter. Use of natural enemies of hoppers like Reduviid and Irantha armiper. White fungus, Verticillum lacanii is also an effective control. Mango Leafhopper

Mango Mealy Bug: Drosicha maniferae Host Plants: Mango, Jackfruit, Guava, Papaya and Lemon. Nature of Damage : Nymphs sucks sap from tender shoots and leaves which dry and drop. Mango Mealy Bug Control • Soil solarization and deep plough during summer to expose eggs. • Application of 5 cm wide sticky bands around stem in mid December prevents nymphs from crawling up the seedling. • Spray 2. 5 ml Methyl Parathion in 10 liters of water.

Mango Stone Borer Stemochetus mangiferae Nature of Damage : • • Mango Stone Borer attacks soft fleshy varieties of mango. Stone borer grub on hatching, create tunnel in a zigzag manner through the pulp, endocarp and seed coat and reaches the cotyledons and destroys them. • Stone borer adult also feeds on the developing seeds and it may hasten the maturity of infested fruits. • Stone borer in Mango destroy the germination viability of seed/ stone in Mango nursery. Adult of Mango Stone Borer

Mango Stone Borer Stemochetus mangiferae Control • Collect and destroy fallen fruits and keep the mother plant block clean. • Raking soil around tree in October. November and March is helpful. • Infected Fruit by Mango Stone Borer Spraying 0. 05% Diazinon on trunk of mango tree and primary branches in October-November. Grub of Mango Stone Borer