INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 IDC Technologies Topics w Introduction

INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 IDC Technologies

Topics w Introduction w Modern Instrumentation and Control w OSI Model w Protocols w Standards IDC Technologies

Introduction w Transfer of Information From One Point to Another w Transmitter/Receiver/Link w Serial Links vs Parallel Links w Digital Data vs Analog w Mutual Agreement IDC Technologies

Historical Background w Telegraph System w Morse Code w Baudot Code IDC Technologies

Three Themes w Physical Standards w Open Systems Interconnection w Protocols IDC Technologies

Standards w EIA-232 Interface Standard w EIA-485 Interface Standard IDC Technologies

A Typical Serial Data Communications Link IDC Technologies

Modern Instrumentation w Distributed Control System (DCS) w All Electronic tightly integrated system w Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) w Came from Relay Equipment w SCADA System w RTU’s and Master Station - radio links w Smart Instrumentation w Intelligent Sensors on comms link w Fieldbuses and Devicenets ( and HART) IDC Technologies

Distributed Control System (DCS) w Based Around a Data Highway w Modular Distributed & Integrated w Each Module Performs Specific Dedicated Task w “Good” on Analog Control w Easy Connection to PLC’s / supervisory Computer Interfaces IDC Technologies

PLC w Programmable Logic Controller w Sequence Control and Interlocking w On/Off Inputs/outputs w Ladderlogic Type Programs IDC Technologies

A Typical PLC System IDC Technologies

SCADA w Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System w RTU’s to Master Station w Radio Links /Landlines w Also term used for SCADA Software package eg Citect IDC Technologies

Smart Instrumentation w Microprocessor Based Instrument w Embedded Controllers w Data Communications Capability w RS- 232, RS 485 or Fiber Optic w Ability to Multi-drop With Other Instruments on Same Highway w Wave of the Future. . . Eg Fieldbus IDC Technologies

OSI Model w Developed by the ISO w Universal Framework for Building A Communications Systems w 7 Layer Model w 3 Layer Model Very Common for Industry w Missing the 8 th Layer IDC Technologies

Representation of the OSI Model IDC Technologies

Standards Within A Communications System w. Code - Morse - Hex - ASCII w. Physical - 232 - 422 - 485 w. Protocol - Modbus, Profibus, Hart, Foundation Fieldbus, Ethernet w. Open Systems Interconnection Model IDC Technologies

Protocols w Rules for Transmission of Data (Packets) w Packet Can Include: w Sync Byte w Destination Address w Source Address w Data w Error Detection w Modbus - Profibus - Canbus - Ethernet - TCP/IP w HDLC - DH+ - HART - DNP 3 - Interbus - FTP IDC Technologies

Basic Structure of an Information Frame Defined ) SYNCHRONIZING BYTE Is Used To Synchronize The Receiver. ) DESTINATION ADDRESS Is Where The Packet Is Going. ) SOURCE ADDRESS Is Where The Packet Has Come From. ) DATA Is The Information Contained In The Packet. ) ERROR BYTE Is The Result Of The Error Correction Calculation. IDC Technologies

Voltage Standards w EIA/RS-232 Interface Standard w Half / Full Duplex - Point to Point w EIA/RS-485 Interface Standard w Half Duplex - Multidrop IDC Technologies

RS-232 IDC Technologies

Two Wire Multidrop RS-485 IDC Technologies

Fiber Optic Cable IDC Technologies

Modbus Protocol Structure IDC Technologies

Modbus Plus w Builds on Modbus w Token Passing and deterministic w High Speed - minimum of 1 Mbit/s IDC Technologies

HART Protocol 4 - 20 ma Communications IDC Technologies

ASI Bus w Idiot Proof w 167 kbps and fast for digitals w 31 slaves and 124 I/O points with 5 ms scan IDC Technologies

The Device. Net Model IDC Technologies

Profibus Typical Architecture of System IDC Technologies

Foundation Fieldbus w Newest Fieldbus w H 1 standard - 31. 25 kbit/s w HSE - 100 Mbit/s w Three layers plus excellent User Layer IDC Technologies

Ethernet 10 Base. T MAC = Media Access Control IDC Technologies

TCP/IP w Internet Protocol (IP) w Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) w Application Layer w Three Layer Model w Derived from Internet IDC Technologies

Wireless Communications IDC Technologies