Intro to the Arduino Topics The Arduino Digital

  • Slides: 30
Download presentation
Intro to the Arduino Topics: The Arduino Digital IO Analog IO Serial Communication

Intro to the Arduino Topics: The Arduino Digital IO Analog IO Serial Communication

Topic 1: Meet Arduino Uno

Topic 1: Meet Arduino Uno

Getting Started • Check out: http: //arduino. cc/en/Guide/Home. Page 1. Download & install the

Getting Started • Check out: http: //arduino. cc/en/Guide/Home. Page 1. Download & install the Arduino environment (IDE) (not needed in lab) 2. Connect the board to your computer via the USB cable 3. If needed, install the drivers (not needed in lab) 4. Launch the Arduino IDE 5. Select your board 6. Select your serial port 7. Open the blink example 8. Upload the program

Arduino IDE See: http: //arduino. cc/en/Guide/Environment for more information

Arduino IDE See: http: //arduino. cc/en/Guide/Environment for more information

Select Serial Port and Board

Select Serial Port and Board

todbot. com/blog/bionicarduino

todbot. com/blog/bionicarduino

Input/Output Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

Input/Output Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

Topic 2: Digital Input/Output • Digital IO is binary valued—it’s either on or off,

Topic 2: Digital Input/Output • Digital IO is binary valued—it’s either on or off, 1 or 0 • Internally, all microprocessors are digital, why? 1 0

Arduino Digital I/0 www. mikroe. com/chapters/view/1 pin. Mode(pin, mode) Sets pin to either INPUT

Arduino Digital I/0 www. mikroe. com/chapters/view/1 pin. Mode(pin, mode) Sets pin to either INPUT or OUTPUT digital. Read(pin) Reads HIGH or LOW from a pin digital. Write(pin, value) Writes HIGH or LOW to a pin Electronic stuff Output pins can provide 40 m. A of current Writing HIGH to an input pin installs a 20 KΩ pullup

Our First Program

Our First Program

IO Pins Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

IO Pins Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

In-class Exercise 1: Digital IO • Use a push-button to turn ON/Off LED

In-class Exercise 1: Digital IO • Use a push-button to turn ON/Off LED

Topic 3: Analog Input • Think about music stored on a CD---an analog signal

Topic 3: Analog Input • Think about music stored on a CD---an analog signal captured on digital media – Sample rate – Word length

Arduino Analog Input Image credit: Tod Kurt • Resolution: the number of different voltage

Arduino Analog Input Image credit: Tod Kurt • Resolution: the number of different voltage levels (i. e. , states) used to discretize an input signal • Resolution values range from 256 states (8 bits) to 4, 294, 967, 296 states (32 bits) • The Arduino uses 1024 states (10 bits) • Smallest measurable voltage change is 5 V/1024 or 4. 8 m. V • Maximum sample rate is 10, 000 times a second

How does ADC work? • How does ADC work • Excel Demonstration

How does ADC work? • How does ADC work • Excel Demonstration

Topic 3: Analog Output • Can a digital devise produce analog output? Image from

Topic 3: Analog Output • Can a digital devise produce analog output? Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley • Analog output can be simulated using pulse width modulation (PWM)

Pulse Width Modulation • Can’t use digital pins to directly supply say 2. 5

Pulse Width Modulation • Can’t use digital pins to directly supply say 2. 5 V, but can pulse the output on and off really fast to produce the same effect • The on-off pulsing happens so quickly, the connected output device “sees” the result as a reduction in the voltage Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

PWM Duty Cycle output voltage = (on_time / cycle_time) * 5 V Image credit:

PWM Duty Cycle output voltage = (on_time / cycle_time) * 5 V Image credit: Tod Kurt Fixed cycle length; constant number of cycles/sec

PMW Pins • Command: analog. Write(pin, value) • value is duty cycle: between 0

PMW Pins • Command: analog. Write(pin, value) • value is duty cycle: between 0 and 255 • Examples: analog. Write(9, 128) for a 50% duty cycle analog. Write(11, 64) for a 25% duty cycle Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

In-class Exercise 2: Analog IO Part 1: A light theremin

In-class Exercise 2: Analog IO Part 1: A light theremin

In-class Exercise 2: Analog IO Part 2: Add an LED • Add a 330

In-class Exercise 2: Analog IO Part 2: Add an LED • Add a 330 ohm resistor and an LED to pin 9 • Using the analog. Write() command, set the intensity of the LED as a function of the value of pr. Reading

Topic 4: Serial Communication Image from http: //www. ladyada. net/learn/arduino/lesson 4. html

Topic 4: Serial Communication Image from http: //www. ladyada. net/learn/arduino/lesson 4. html

todbot. com/blog/bionicarduino

todbot. com/blog/bionicarduino

Serial Communication • Compiling turns your program into binary data (ones and zeros) •

Serial Communication • Compiling turns your program into binary data (ones and zeros) • Uploading sends the bits through USB cable to the Arduino • The two LEDs near the USB connector blink when data is transmitted • RX blinks when the Arduino is receiving data • TX blinks when the Arduino is transmitting data todbot. com/blog/bionicarduino

Open the Serial Monitor and Upload the Program

Open the Serial Monitor and Upload the Program

Some Commands • Serial. begin() - e. g. , Serial. begin(9600) • Serial. print()

Some Commands • Serial. begin() - e. g. , Serial. begin(9600) • Serial. print() or Serial. println() - e. g. , Serial. print(value) • Serial. read() • Serial. available() • Serial. write() • Serial. parse. Int() • Example Program

Serial-to-USB chip---what does it do? The Lily. Pad and Fio Arduino require an external

Serial-to-USB chip---what does it do? The Lily. Pad and Fio Arduino require an external USB to TTY connector, such as an FTDI “cable”. In the Arduino Leonardo a single microcontroller runs the Arduino programs and handles the USB connection. Image from Theory and Practice of Tangible User Interfaces at UC Berkley

Two different communication protocols Serial (TTL): Image from http: //www. fiz-ix. com/2013/02/introduction-to-arduino-serial-communication/

Two different communication protocols Serial (TTL): Image from http: //www. fiz-ix. com/2013/02/introduction-to-arduino-serial-communication/

USB Protocol Image from http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/USB • Much more complicated

USB Protocol Image from http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/USB • Much more complicated

In-class Exercise 3: Serial Communication Modify your program from in-class exercise 2 -part 2

In-class Exercise 3: Serial Communication Modify your program from in-class exercise 2 -part 2 to control the intensity of the LED attached to pin 9 based on keyboard input. Use the Serial. parse. Int() method to read numeric keyboard input as an integer. An input of 9 should produce full intensity and an input of 0 should turn the LED off.