Intro to Info Tech Internet This presentation can

Objectives § Define what the Internet is § Learn about browser s/w and Web

Internet § What is the Internet? § Are the Internet and the World Wide

Internet § The Web is one piece of the Internet ♦ It is the

Internet Protocols § TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) ♦ Dictates how info sent over

HTTP § Hyper. Text Transfer Protocol ♦ Specifies how web resources (like web pages)

How does the Web work? Client/Server Structure of the World Wide Web 7 Copyright

How does the Web work? § A Web browser is a software (s/w) application

How does the Web work? § You need: ♦ A device with a browser

How does the Web browser work? § A web page is displayed in a

New tab icon Tab Main Window 11 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

How does the Chrome browser work? § When a new tab is created a

Tab close icons Address Window Clicked new tab icon to display new tab and

Uniform Resource Locator URL § Each web page/resource has a unique address called a

Host Identification § Host can be identified by an IP address or a Domain

Uniform Resource Locator - URL § Path is the directory (folder) and subdirectories (subfolders)

Non-hyperlink Access § You must specify ♦ Protocol, Host, Path, File Name § What

Accessing Files on a Website § If you do not specify all 4 parts

Accessing files on a website § If you only specify these 3 parts http:

. . . and if there is no index. html file in the path

Entering a URL in the Address Bar § Type the URL of the location

Address Window 22 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Entering a URL in the Address Bar § Why doesn’t yahoo. com need a

This web page is stored in a file called index. html in a folder

God bless the browser § Browser uses the URL address to create a HTTP

Navigating the web § As you go from site to site, the browser stores

History List § Can manage the history list from settings ♦ To display history,

History List § To clear the history, click Customize icon, then Settings ♦ Scroll

History List § Select how far back you want to delete and click Clear

No more history!! 30 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Mouse Hyperlink Navigation § Hyperlinks are text that when clicked will direct the browser

Navigating the Web § Browser does a lot of things to make surfing the

Navigating the web § However, if the page has changed you will get the

A bookmark is a link to a web site Create bookmarks for sites you

Display the bookmarks by clicking the Hidden Bookmarks icon (>>) Recently added bookmark will

How does the Chrome browser work? § You can control a lot things about

Click Customize Chrome Then Settings 37 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Several convenience settings like autofill (i. e. specify passwords and text Chrome uses to

Chrome settings § A couple settings that you will probably want to set up

If system restarts (like after a power outage), will bring up all pages you

Or you can designate specific page(s) to open 41 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Downloading files from the WWW § Another method to move information over the Internet

Downloading files from the WWW § What Chrome does with nonweb page files can

My default download location 44 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

In settings it’s defined as the default download location 45 Copyright 2021 by Janson

Will change 46 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Download location changed Enter the Word doc URL and hit Enter File is downloaded

Click tabs, drop down arrow & choose Show in folder 48 Copyright 2021 by

Downloading from WWW § If you turn on the “Ask where to save…” option

Downloading from WWW § Notice default location is already specified when you are prompted

Downloading from WWW § Class exercise: ♦ Download the sample document to your thumb

Assignments § You will have to download data files for the assignments § Create

Assignment Data Files Plug in memory stick then open File Explorer 53 Copyright 2021

Double click the correct drive for your flash memory stick to view contents 54

Will get a window showing the contents of the disk (If your stick is

Click the New Folder icon Rename to CGS 1060 56 Copyright 2021 by Janson

Double click to go into/view contents of CGS 1060 57 Copyright 2021 by Janson

Notice the address field shows where you are on the computer 58 Copyright 2021

Got to this site: http: //www. cengage. com/cgiwadsworth/course_products_wp. pl? fid=M 20 b&product_isbn_issn=9780357026243&token=77 BDD 7613

Click pdf link If nothing happens, right click link and select Open link in

Document with links to the files is shown Click Introductory links for all 4

Or the links may appear like this 62 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Should end up with 4 zip (i. e. compressed) files that need to be

Specify datafiles folder as the location for the extracted files (extractor will create datafiles

Will end up with 4 new folders Inside the folders are zip files for

Unzip the module zip files into the datafiles folder 66 Copyright 2021 by Janson

Will create new folders Drill down into the folders/subfolders to find the files you'll

Navigating the Web § Search Engines and Web Directories § Web Directories list websites

Clicking on a top level category leads to. . . 69 Copyright 2021 by

. . . a subcategory listing Keep drilling down and eventually you get a

Shows the path through the directories 71 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Directory vs. Search § Directory can take a while to traverse § What if

. . I might … or not If you don't find what you want.

. . use a different search engine 74 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Search tips § Multiple words mean all must be present ♦ But not necessarily

Search tips § Putting words in double quotes means that exact phrase has to

Most also have a preference section to control how and what is searched as

Problems with the Web § Can't believe everything ♦ Anybody can put anything on

The Web § More than just pages available § Audio ♦ Music, lectures, books

The Web § E-Commerce: ♦ Biggest innovation to the Web § Not only buy

E-Commerce § B 2 C – Business to Consumer ♦ efollet § C 2

The Internet § Besides the WWW there's ♦ ♦ ♦ Email FTP Message boards/news

Netiquette § General rules for communicating on Internet ♦ CAPS mean your YELLING! ♦

Be Careful Out There § One of the reasons there’s a lot of free

Be Careful Out There § Web pages can contain tracker software ♦ Grabs info

Be Careful Out There § There a variety of technologies used to do this

Private Browsers § What’s the solution: private browsers ♦ Brave ♦ Duck. Go ♦

How Bad Is It § One example: The New York Post website ♦ Accessing

Limitations of Private Browsers § Web sites may be broken ♦ Videos won’t play

Private Browsers § If you’re going to do a sensitive search ♦ Medical condition

Points to Remember § The Web is just one portion of the Internet §

Points to Remember § Unseen cost for all that free stuff, your private information

Slides: 94

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Internet § The Web is one piece of the Internet ♦ It is the communication over the Internet that follows the HTTP protocol § Internet protocol? ♦ Set of rules for addressing and routing data ♦ There are many Internet protocols 4 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Internet Protocols § TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) ♦ Dictates how info sent over the Internet ♦ Subprotocols then specify rules for specific types of communication ► FTP(File Transfer Protocol) ► SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) ► POP(Post Office Protocol) ► IRC(Internet Relay Chate) 5 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

HTTP § Hyper. Text Transfer Protocol ♦ Specifies how web resources (like web pages) are transmitted over the Internet ♦ It is a client-server protocol ► Request for web resources initiated by a client computer ► Web resources “managed” by server computers • Managed means stored, organized and transmitted 6 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

How does the Web work? § A Web browser is a software (s/w) application that runs on a device to make it work as a Web client § Web servers: computers that run server s/w that enable them provide files through the Web § Web pages are stored in files that contain HTML (Hyper. Text Markup Language) instructions, text, images, sound, etc. 8 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

How does the Web work? § You need: ♦ A device with a browser (client s/w) ► MS ♦ Edge, Firefox, Safari, Chrome Internet Service Provider (ISP) ► Cable, Phone company, Starbucks § You request a web resource in the browser by: Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries ♦ Clicking on a link ♦ Specifying a resource address 9

How does the Web browser work? § A web page is displayed in a tab in the browsers’ main window § Can have many tabs in the browsers’ main window § Click new tab icon (+) to add a tab ♦ Click tab close icon (x) to delete tab ♦ Click tab to move between tabs 10 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

How does the Chrome browser work? § When a new tab is created a default screen is displayed with shortcut icons § To display a new web page you can ♦ Click one of the shortcut icons ♦ Or enter a web page address in the address window ► Huh? What’s a web page address? 12 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Uniform Resource Locator URL § Each web page/resource has a unique address called a URL § URL’s can be comprised of: Protocol: //Host/Path/File. name Example: http: //web. fscj. edu/Janson/cgs 1060/Link. To. PPs. htm 14 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Host Identification § Host can be identified by an IP address or a Domain name IP address: four numbers (ranging from 0 to 255) separated by periods Example: 104. 46. 104. 203 Domain name has at least three parts (subsubdomain, top level domain) separated by periods Example: www. fscj. edu 15 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Uniform Resource Locator - URL § Path is the directory (folder) and subdirectories (subfolders) where the web page is located on the host § Web page stored in a file with an extension (suffix) of HTML or HTM ♦ File names consist of prefix. suffix (suffix also called extension) ► MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is a standard for file suffixes 16 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Non-hyperlink Access § You must specify ♦ Protocol, Host, Path, File Name § What are these? n Protocol, Host, Path, File Name http: //web. fscj. edu/Janson/cgs 1060/wk 03. Internet. ppt 17 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Entering a URL in the Address Bar § Type the URL of the location that you want to go to in the Address bar § Try: yahoo. com § Don’t have to enter the protocol or subsubdomain anymore – why? ♦ Browser does it for you!! 21 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Entering a URL in the Address Bar § Why doesn’t yahoo. com need a path and file name? § If no file name is specified the server looks for a file called index. htm (or html) and sends it back to the browser ♦ Try: web. fscj. edu/Janson 23 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

God bless the browser § Browser uses the URL address to create a HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) request § Browser supplies all the network, TCP/IP and HTTP info Network info { TCP/IP info [ HTTP info (URL address) HTTP info ] TCP/IP info} Network info ♦ Like addressing an envelope 25 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Navigating the web § As you go from site to site, the browser stores the location of each page you visit in the history list. § Use the Back and Forward buttons to move through the history list Back/Forward Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries 26

Mouse Hyperlink Navigation § Hyperlinks are text that when clicked will direct the browser to a web resource ♦ Indicated with text that is a different color and underlined ♦ The following is an example of a hyperlink: this_is_hyperlink_text ► In Power. Point, you have to hold the CTRL key and click the text to follow the link 31 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Navigating the Web § Browser does a lot of things to make surfing the Web faster and easier ♦ Example: Caching § Frequently visited web pages are stored on your computer in a memory area called cache ♦ Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries When you visit the site again, the page will be retrieved from cache and show up faster in the browser 32

Navigating the web § However, if the page has changed you will get the old page version § Use Refresh button to force the browser to retrieve page from server § While page is loading, refresh icon changes to Stop icon (x) ♦ Click to stop the page load ► E. g. if you accidentally click a hyperlink that you don’t want to follow, you can stop it 33 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

A bookmark is a link to a web site Create bookmarks for sites you like/need/use often: click the Edit Bookmarks star icon, specify bookmark 34 name text and click the Done button Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

How does the Chrome browser work? § You can control a lot things about Chrome’s appearance and functions ♦ Most comprehensive way is through settings § Access settings by clicking the Customize Chrome icon ( ) then Settings 36 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Chrome settings § A couple settings that you will probably want to set up ♦ What to do on startup ♦ Where to store downloaded files § The “on startup” primary options ♦ Redisplay all pages you were looking at when you ended last ♦ Open a specific page 39 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Downloading files from the WWW § Another method to move information over the Internet § Most browsers provide basic download function § Notice the following URL is a Word doc not a web page http: //web. fscj. edu/Janson/cgs 1060/Sample. doc 42 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Downloading files from the WWW § What Chrome does with nonweb page files can be controlled in settings § By default it will download the file to a default location (like the Download folder on your computer) ♦ You can control this location 43 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Assignments § You will have to download data files for the assignments § Create a folder on the memory stick to hold the data files (and your work) and download § Then unzip the files ♦ You must specify where the files are unzipped to 52 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Got to this site: http: //www. cengage. com/cgiwadsworth/course_products_wp. pl? fid=M 20 b&product_isbn_issn=9780357026243&token=77 BDD 7613 CC 2 06 D 39 FA 50 AB 069 E 74 FFD 98 F 0 CC 5 A 326 EEC 5660177 ECF 393906626 DEF 37146 DA 7 F 68 FA 76 DAD 6 D 5 C 2 FAFAE 465 A 7 A 95326 A 9 EBD 03 E 8576 B 87 D 1 F 91 F 23 E 91 D 704652 BAAF Click “Data Files” (If nothing happens, right click Data Files link and select Open link in new tab) 59 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Should end up with 4 zip (i. e. compressed) files that need to be unzipped Right click each file and select Extract All… from the shortcut menu to start unzipping 63 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Will end up with 4 new folders Inside the folders are zip files for each Module For instance, the Word folder has the zip files with the needed 65 files for Word modules 1 and 2 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Will create new folders Drill down into the folders/subfolders to find the files you'll need (The first page of each module in the text lists the files that will be needed in that module) 67 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Directory vs. Search § Directory can take a while to traverse § What if categories don't really match what you want ♦ For instance, I want to find a 3 d printer for sale ♦ Craig’s list directory no help § But if I use the directory’s search… Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries 72

Search tips § Multiple words mean all must be present ♦ But not necessarily on the visible portion of the page § Most allow you to use ANDs and ORs to make compound criteria ♦ monkey donkey orangutan means monkey AND donkey AND orangutan § - means page can't have the word ♦ Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries monkey AND donkey –orangutan 75

Search tips § Putting words in double quotes means that exact phrase has to be present ♦ "monkey donkey orangutan" § Instead of searching the entire web specify one website with site keyword and colon ♦ monkey donkey site: youtube. com § Most have an Advanced Search 76 fill in the blank form to help Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Problems with the Web § Can't believe everything ♦ Anybody can put anything on a page ♦ No "authority" monitors or validates what is put on a page ♦ However, something illegal may get the attention of law enforcement § Poorly designed sites ♦ Traditionally, links on left or at top ♦ Lots of images slows page download 80 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

The Web § More than just pages available § Audio ♦ Music, lectures, books ► Can be downloaded or streamed (viewed/listened to live) § Graphics ♦ ♦ Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries Pictures Animation Video Virtual reality 81

The Web § E-Commerce: ♦ Biggest innovation to the Web § Not only buy and sell stuff, services too ♦ Track shipments, look up grades, financial planning, etc. § Three types of E-Commerce ♦ ♦ ♦ Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries B 2 C C 2 C B 2 B 82

The Internet § Besides the WWW there's ♦ ♦ ♦ Email FTP Message boards/news groups ► Running ♦ Chat rooms ► Live ♦ ♦ discussion on a topic discussion Telephony – Skype IM 84 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Netiquette § General rules for communicating on Internet ♦ CAPS mean your YELLING! ♦ Be careful about sarcasm & humor – often hard to "read" ♦ Read before sending ♦ Emoticons (; -)) and Abbrs (ROFL, AFK) are OK for texting but not email 85 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Be Careful Out There § One of the reasons there’s a lot of free stuff on the web is to facilitate data gathering § Companies want you to go to their site so they can collect data about you and resell it ♦ That’s why Facebook is free! ♦ Browsers are one of the key tools used to do this ► Remember the browser history ► Keeps track of every web site you go to 86 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Be Careful Out There § Web pages can contain tracker software ♦ Grabs info about your identity and follows you from site to site § In addition they can store info about your computer Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries ♦ OS and version ♦ Browser and version ♦ All the apps you’ve downloaded 87

Be Careful Out There § There a variety of technologies used to do this Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries ♦ Cookies – small files stored on your computer ♦ Supercookies – permanently stored files, can’t be auto-deleted ♦ Embedded scripts – small programs ♦ Fingerprinters – gather system specs to develop a unique “fingerprint” of your system to track you across the 88 Web

Private Browsers § What’s the solution: private browsers ♦ Brave ♦ Duck. Go ♦ Firefox focus § Work in “private mode”, block ads and tracker apps ♦ Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries May have to download and install the tracker blocker app 89

How Bad Is It § One example: The New York Post website ♦ Accessing with a non-private browser resulted in 83 tracker apps being loaded ♦ With private browsers ► Brave - 22 ► Duck. Go ► Firefox - 15 focus - 47 90 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Limitations of Private Browsers § Web sites may be broken ♦ Videos won’t play ♦ Ad windows can’t be close ♦ Shopping carts don’t work ♦ Page content (images, text) doesn’t load making page appear “weird” § Your ISP (ATT, Comcast, Starbucks) can still see everywhere you go 91 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries

Points to Remember § The Web is just one portion of the Internet § A browser enables your computer to surf the Web § Browsers also allow you to download files from the Web § Lots of stuff, other than pages, available on the Internet 93 Copyright 2021 by Janson Industries