INTONATION OFE NGLISH AND VIETNAMESE QUESTIONS By Bui

INTONATION OFE NGLISH AND VIETNAMESE QUESTIONS By: Bui Thi Nhinh Nguyen Thi Minh Huyen Tran Thu Giang Tran Thi Hong Hanh Vu Thi Tuyet Group: NNAK 2 For: Dr. Pham Thi Van Dong

INTONATION OF ENGLISH ANDV IETNAMESE QUESTIONS � � � � PART A: INTRODUCTION PART B: DEVELOPMENT 1. Tone 2. Intonation unit 3. Intonation of Vietnamese and English questions 3. 1 Intonation of English questions 3. 2 Intonation in Vietnamese questions 3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions 3. 3. 1 Yes/No Questions 3. 3. 2 Wh-Questions 3. 3. 3 Alternative Questions 3. 3. 4 Declaration Questions 3. 3. 5 Tag Questions 4. Implications in Language Teaching and Learning PART B: CONCLUSION REFERENCES

PART B: DEVELOPMENT � 1. Tone � 1. 1 The falling tune – The glide down � 1. 2 The first rising tune – The glide up � 1. 3 The second rising tune – The take off � 1. 4 The falling rising tune – The Dive � 2. Intonation unit

1. Tone � 1. 1 The falling tune – The glide down A fall in the voice from a fairly high pitch to a very low one. � It was so good. � 1. 2 The first rising tune – The glide up A rising ends with a rise in the voice. Do you want some coffee? � 1. 3 The second rising tune – The take off ends with a rise in the voice Words and syllables before the rise are low. I didn’t go to the market. � 1. 4 The falling rising tune – The Dive A fall from high to low then arise to about the middle of the voice. Don’t touch that dog. I love this hat. (I must admit)

3. Intonation of Vietnamese and English questions � 3. 1 Intonation of English questions � 3. 2 Intonation in Vietnamese questions � 3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions

3. 1 Intonation of English questions � 3. 1. 1. Yes/No questions � 3. 1. 2 Tag questions � 3. 1. 3 WH-Questions � 3. 1. 4 Others types

3. 1. 1. Yes/No questions be answered with a yes or no, normally carry up-rise intonation. Would you like to go swimming? Would you do the same thing? Does he run every day? Do you like winter sports? Didn’t he tell you about it? Haven’t you called him yet? He been talking to you? You play football? He’s already talked to him?

3. 1. 2 Tag questions �Rising intonation: asking for information. Tom will give me back, won’t he? �Falling intonation: expecting the listener to agree with the information in the stem. Sarah is beautiful, isn’t she? �Tame polarity tag questions, both the stem and the tag are positive. A low pitch that jumps up on the tag and then falls indicates the speaker has reached a conclusion Turn down the TV, will you! You understand what I’m talking about,

3. 1. 3 WH-Questions � glide down in the end of sentences How long did the meeting last � Information wh- questions have up-fall or down-rise intonation How can they do that? � The repeat wh- word and a higher rise in the intonation patterns signal a greater egree of surprise on the part of the asker. When did she get in? She got in when? � The elaborate please wh- word is always stressed, and questions consisting of two or more words carry up-fall intonation. A: That guy just picked my pocket!

3. 1. 4 Others types � Alternative questions : alternatives are stressed except the last . Would you prefer coffee, tea, or milk? � Echo questions: a higher rise A: Saras will be leaving for Japan in August. B: She’ll be leaving for where? � Exclamatory questions : falling intonation. Don’t you look great! � Rhetorical questions A: Have you heard the news about Alan? B: Who hasn’t? � Display questions: wh- information intonation and stress on the wh- word.

3. 2 Intonation in Vietnamese questions In Vietnamese questions, the tone is followed by the words with its mark. � 3. 2. 1. No tone mark: fall slightly. a, ă, e, ê, o, ô … � 3. 2. 2. Rising tone (dấu sắc): rise á, ế, é, ố, í, ú, ứ … � 3. 2. 3. Falling (dấu huyền): start at a fairly low level and falls gradually à, ề, è, ồ, ì, ù … � 3. 2. 4. Low glottal (dấu nặng): start a little below the middle of the voice range, falls immediately and very abruptly to a lower level ạ, ẹ, ệ, ị, ụ, ộ, ọ, ự … � 3. 2. 5. Rising glottal (dấu ngã): start just a little above the middle of the normal speaking voice range, dips down a very little, then rises abruptly. ã, ẽ, õ, ỗ, ĩ, ũ, õ … � 3. 2. 6. Falling-rising (dấu hỏi): begin mid-range and falls quickly; if a final syllable, the vowel ends in a rising tone.

In Vietnamese questions, the tone is followed by the words with its mark. Bạn học tiếng Anh ở đâu? Where do you study English? Ông ấy thích cái áo nào? Which shirt does he want? Anh ấy đi xe máy hay xe buýt? Does he goes by motorbike or by bus? Bài tập này đã làm một lần rồi đúng không? This exercise they have done once already, haven’t them?

3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions � 3. 3. 1 Yes/No Questions In English rising intonation In Vietnamese no rising intonation some particles are added, such as “có… chưa”, “có…không”, “phải …không”, “à”, “ạ”, “hả”. Do you speak Chinese? Anh đọc cuốn sách này chưa? Is she hard-working? Bạn có đi xem phim với mình không ?

3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions � 3. 3. 2 Wh-Questions In English In Vietnamese falling tone no falling intonation How are you? Khi nào anh đi làm? Where are you from? Tại sao anh đi đến đấy?

3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions � 3. 3. 3 Alternative Questions In English In Vietnamese A rising tone for every choice except the last - falling tone. no intonation pattern Should I phone you or send an email? Shall I do it or will you do it yourself? Anh hay em chở con đi học hôm nay ?

3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions � 3. 3. 4 Declaration Questions In English In Vietnamese a rising tone at the end no intonation pattern You are going to the cinema tonight? Cậu đi xem phim tối nay phải không? He will speak to them today? Cậu ta sẽ nói với họ hôm nay ư?

3. 3 Different intonation in English and Vietnamese questions � 3. 3. 5 Tag Questions In English In Vietnamese Rising intonation to ask for information. Falling intonation to expect the listener to agree no intonation pattern She is a good teacher, isn’t she? Peter plays guitar, doesn't he? Anh mệt, phải không? ”

4. Implications in Language Teaching and Learning For teachers: �Knowing the similarities and differences between the two languages �provide students with encouragement and reinforcement �assist students in asking, giving and receiving questions �Give many opportunities to practise, to role-play imaginatively in a variety of contexts in which For students: different social factors are taken into account Pay attention to the differences to remember the lesson and in order to learn effectively.

PART C: CONCLUSION � To sum up, we know that how important the intonation of the questions is because we use questions in most of conversations in our daily life and understanding intonation is understanding questions and having the right responses. There are many differences between English and Vietnamese question types. In English, each type has each intonation but in Vietnamese, intonation is followed by the diacritical over the vowel. Conducting a contrastive analysis of a certain aspect between two languages can bring about many applications in teaching and learning languages. As we can see, it is useful not only for teachers but also for learners when they can find something similar of different from their mother tongue.

REFERENCES � Biber, D. , Johansson, S. , Leech, G. , Conrad, S. , & Finegan, E. (1999). Longman � � � � � grammar of spoken and written English. Essex: Pearson Education. Brazil, D. & M. Coulthart, C. Johns 1980. Discourse Intonation and Language Teaching. . Harlow (Essex): Longman. Halliday, M. A. K. 1967. Intonation and Grammar in British English. The Hague: Mouton. Roach, P. 1983. English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Coursebook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Le Quang Thiem, Nghiên cứu đối chiếu các ngôn ngữ, NXB ĐH Quốc Gia Hà Nội. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tag_question http: //fds. oup. com/www. oup. com/pdf/elt/products/file 8 -2. pdf http: //www. phon. ox. ac. uk/~esther/Grabe_et_al. pdf http: //vietnamese-learning. com/26/yes-no-questions-in-vietnamese http: //vietnamese-learning. com/92/vietnamese-negative-questions http: //vietnamese-learning. com/96/vietnamese-tag-questions