Interpersonal Attraction SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION

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Interpersonal Attraction SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Interpersonal Attraction SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION ? Definition: �Interpersonal Attraction �is a person's desire to approach

WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION ? Definition: �Interpersonal Attraction �is a person's desire to approach another individual �Attraction is the first phase of the most voluntary relationships.

ØA favorable attitude toward, or a fondness for, another person. ØRelating to the force

ØA favorable attitude toward, or a fondness for, another person. ØRelating to the force that draws people together.

Ø Both personal characteristics and environment play a role in interpersonal attraction. A major

Ø Both personal characteristics and environment play a role in interpersonal attraction. A major determinant of attraction is propinquity, or physical proximity. Ø The type of interpersonal attraction that has particular interest to most people is attraction to the opposite sex. To a certain extent, romantic attraction is influenced by evolutionary considerations: the survival of the species.

Ø One of the most important shared attitudes is that liking and disliking the

Ø One of the most important shared attitudes is that liking and disliking the same people creates an especially strong bond between two individuals. The connection between interpersonal attraction and similar attitudes is complex because once two people become friends, they begin to influence each other's attitudes.

ØPersonality type is another determinant of interpersonal attraction. In areas involving control, such as

ØPersonality type is another determinant of interpersonal attraction. In areas involving control, such as dominance, competition, and self-confidence, people tend to pair up with their opposites. Thus, for example, the complementary pairing of a dominant person with a submissive one. Ø People gravitate to others who are like themselves in terms of characteristics related to affiliation including sociability, friendliness, and warmth

WHY DO WE HAVE THIS DESIRE? TWO REASONS FOR AFFILIATION: Social Comparison The theory

WHY DO WE HAVE THIS DESIRE? TWO REASONS FOR AFFILIATION: Social Comparison The theory that proposes that we evaluate our thoughts and actions by comparing them with those of others. o Social Exchange o The theory that proposes that we evaluate our thoughts and actions by comparing them with those of others. proposes that we seek out and maintain those relationships in which the rewards exceed the cost.

Five Core Social Motives of interpersonal Attraction UNDERSTAND TRUSTING BELONGINGNESS SELFENHANCING CONTROLLING

Five Core Social Motives of interpersonal Attraction UNDERSTAND TRUSTING BELONGINGNESS SELFENHANCING CONTROLLING

Five Core Social Motives of interpersonal Attraction �B e l o n g i

Five Core Social Motives of interpersonal Attraction �B e l o n g i n g n e s s Need for stable and strong relationships. �U n d e r s t a n d Need for shared meaning and prediction. �C o n t r o l l i n g Need for perceived contingency between behavior and outcomes. �S e l f - e n h a n c i n g Need for viewing self as basically worthy or improvable. �T r u s t i n g Need for viewing others as basically benign seeing the world as a benevolent place

Four different types of attraction: 1. Interpersonal Attraction Relating to the force that draws

Four different types of attraction: 1. Interpersonal Attraction Relating to the force that draws people together. 2. Physical Attraction The attraction to another person based on their looks. 3. Social Attraction Being the attraction to another's personality. 4. Task Attraction Meaning you are attracted to a person's abilities and dependability.

Main Factors of Interpersonal Attraction: 1. Personal appearance, 2. Proximity, similarity, and 3. Complementarity,

Main Factors of Interpersonal Attraction: 1. Personal appearance, 2. Proximity, similarity, and 3. Complementarity, and 4. Several additional factors, as 5. Association and 6. Reciprocal liking.

Main Factors of Interpersonal Attraction: 1) Personal Appearance of Attraction/Physical Attractiveness o Personal appearance

Main Factors of Interpersonal Attraction: 1) Personal Appearance of Attraction/Physical Attractiveness o Personal appearance plays a role in that people tend to have a want to be surrounded by others who are physically attractive, which is believed to come from the idea that attractive people are healthy and are more likely to have healthy children, even if we don't take this into consideration it is said that we do on a subconscious level.

 2) Proximity of Attraction: Firstly, what does proximity mean? Proximity is how close/near

2) Proximity of Attraction: Firstly, what does proximity mean? Proximity is how close/near people live or work and how they interact. Humans are more likely to form friendships and relationships with others that they see often. Indeed, it is quite understandable that people tend to make bonds with those who surround them, be that at work or the place they live, mainly just people whom they see on a regular basis. This traditional factor, however, has been substantially impacted by the modern technology of communication. The Internet is already making a big impact on physical proximity. It has made it very easy to keep in touch with people who are both close and far away. With the use of social networking sites, you can even stay posted with what is going on in people's everyday life, no matter how far away they may be.

 3) Similarity of Attraction: Think about your friends or spouse. Think about their

3) Similarity of Attraction: Think about your friends or spouse. Think about their personalities, beliefs, experiences, and interests. Now think about yourself. You probably have a lot in common with them, don’t you? We often find people that are similar to us more comfortable and familiar to interact with. It almost seems as if we already know them from inside and out because of common interests.

 Humans find similarity to be attractive because of social validation to find people

Humans find similarity to be attractive because of social validation to find people who are similar, and because of our genetic interests. Genetic interests? Yes, our primitive ancestors distinguished relatives from nonrelatives because of physical appearance and behavior.

The similarity then breaks down to four smaller categories 1. demographic similarity, 2. attitudinal

The similarity then breaks down to four smaller categories 1. demographic similarity, 2. attitudinal similarity, 3. similarity in physical attractiveness 4. and similarity in interests 5. and experiences. �

�Liking admire, respect, seek opinions of, self disclosure to a point �Loving caring, attachment,

�Liking admire, respect, seek opinions of, self disclosure to a point �Loving caring, attachment, intimacy, emotional bond, full self-disclosure, more trust �Matching hypothesis we seek people of similar levels of attraction(based on how we perceive ourselves)

�Romantic love erotic attraction; future expectations, deep emotional attachment, intense physical attachment-passion, intimacy �Companionate

�Romantic love erotic attraction; future expectations, deep emotional attachment, intense physical attachment-passion, intimacy �Companionate love based on trust, love, and friendship. Not as arousing as romantic love, but more psychologically intimate. -intimacy, Reasons why people conform: � 1. normative � 2. informational

 4) Complementary of Attraction: Complementary refers to as benefits to ourselves because others

4) Complementary of Attraction: Complementary refers to as benefits to ourselves because others provide a quality that we lack. The key to this, although, is that the people involved have to see their differences as positive just to get along. Shy people may be attracted to someone outgoing because that way the shy person can be more sociable.

 5) Association: We tend to associate our opinions about other people with our

5) Association: We tend to associate our opinions about other people with our current state. In other words, if you meet someone during a party you really enjoy, they may get more 'likeability points' then if you met them during that party you feel bored.

 6) Reciprocal Liking: This may be a result of the feeling we get

6) Reciprocal Liking: This may be a result of the feeling we get about ourselves knowing that we are likable. When we feel good when we around somebody, we tend to report a higher level of attraction toward that person.

 Theories of interpersonal attraction 1. Social exchange theory �Based on an economic model

Theories of interpersonal attraction 1. Social exchange theory �Based on an economic model of profits and losses; claims that you develop relationships that enable you to maximize your profits. �Rewards – Costs = Profits �Comparison level is your realistic expectations of what you feel you deserve from a relationship. You also have a comparison level for alternatives that you compare your profits from current relationships with the ones you think you can get from alternative relationships.

 Theories of interpersonal attraction 2. Equity theory Similar to social exchange but goes

Theories of interpersonal attraction 2. Equity theory Similar to social exchange but goes a step further - claims that you develop and maintain relationships in which your ration of rewards to costs is approximately equal to your partner’s. People are happiest with relationships in which the rewards and costs a person experiences and contributions he or she makes to the relationship are toughly equal to the rewards, costs, and contributions of the other person. When they feel their relationships are not fair, people try to balance the relationship to be fair. Inequity leads to dissatisfaction.

 Theories of interpersonal attraction Different culture and gender feels differently about equity and

Theories of interpersonal attraction Different culture and gender feels differently about equity and need. In much of Europe, equity is unrelated to satisfaction while in the U. S. it is highly correlated. Women are more likely to engage in extramarital affairs when they perceive their relationships are inequitable. Equitable Relationship Output of A Output of B _____ = _____ Input of A Input of B

 DESIRE FOR SOCIAL COMPARISON Meeting others who share our views on important issues

DESIRE FOR SOCIAL COMPARISON Meeting others who share our views on important issues makes us feel better because it reassures us that the essential aspects of our self-concept have social validity. When others validate our own self-beliefs through agreements, we should develop a positive attitude towards them.

 AFFINITY WITH SIMILAR OTHERS IS PART OF EVOLUTIONARY HERITAGE O ur ancestors may

AFFINITY WITH SIMILAR OTHERS IS PART OF EVOLUTIONARY HERITAGE O ur ancestors may have used similarity cues to detect those who are genetically similar to themselves.

WE LIKE THAT WHICH IS FAMILIAR I t may have been evolutionary adaptive to

WE LIKE THAT WHICH IS FAMILIAR I t may have been evolutionary adaptive to perceive unfamiliar others with caution and distrust because of the dangers inherent in dealing with the unfamiliar. We perceive similar others as attractive because they mimic familiarity.

 BALANCE THEORY M � atching hypothesis is due to the need for the

BALANCE THEORY M � atching hypothesis is due to the need for the consistency. Balance Theory states that people desire cognitive consistency or balance in their thoughts and feelings and social relationships.

Attraction is beyond our will or ideas sometimes. Juliette Binoche

Attraction is beyond our will or ideas sometimes. Juliette Binoche

Thank You _

Thank You _

Cecille Ann R. de la Torre 111 -Ab Psychology November 21, 2016

Cecille Ann R. de la Torre 111 -Ab Psychology November 21, 2016

�Sources and Additional Information: �http: //allpsych. com/psychology 101/attribution_ attraction. html �http: //valerieinterpersonalcommunications. blogspot. com/20

�Sources and Additional Information: �http: //allpsych. com/psychology 101/attribution_ attraction. html �http: //valerieinterpersonalcommunications. blogspot. com/20 12/04/attraction-theory. html �http: //samuelfrenning. efoliomn. com/attraction �http: //cupidblogger. com/4 -factors-ofattraction/

�Interpersonal attraction. (2010, June). Retrieved from http: //216. 22. 10. 76/wiki/ �Interpersonal_Attraction �References �Pennsylvania

�Interpersonal attraction. (2010, June). Retrieved from http: //216. 22. 10. 76/wiki/ �Interpersonal_Attraction �References �Pennsylvania State University World Campus (2011). Applied Social Psychology (PSYCH 424) Lesson 14: Relationships/Everyday Life. Retrieved from online lecture notes https: //courses. worldcampus. psu. edu/fa 11/ps ych 424/001/content/13_lesson/02_page. html � Kim Jinyoung