Internet Radio History How It All Began How

Internet Radio History How It All Began

How The Internet Started Computer networks were originally designed for the military Academics were among the first to use the internet n Way to communicate and keep up to date with information in their fields

Timeline 1920’s- radio brought recorded music into people’s everyday lives 1989 & 1990 - World Wide Web developed by Tim Berners-Lee Early 1990’s- Congress approved the internet for commercial use Mid 1990’s- first internet radio stations introduced

Timeline 1998 - President Clinton signed Digital Millennium Copyright Act End 1990’s- thousands of internet radio stations and music sites online 2000’s- stations vary from huge networks, like Yahoo, to small individual owners

Issues When internet radio first started the sound quality was poor and interrupted Digital Millennium Copyright Act

Food For Thought Today there is more than 500, 000 hrs of live broadcast every week Currently there is over 4, 000 internet radio stations of some sort Net Population of people with the internet is about 410 million people Radio took 30 yrs to reach 50 million people, TV 13 yrs………the Internet ONLY FOUR HOURS

Internet Radio Technology How it all works

Two Aspects of Broadcasting DJ Set Lists Podcast Radio Shows

Broadcasting (DJ Set Lists) Hardware Used n n Any PC or MAC A server Software Used n n n n i. Tunes ICES ICECAST 2 (DNAS) APACHE PHP Perl my. SQL

Hardware PC/MAC n n Runs i. Tunes. Transfers data (music) to server Server “A” n n Is a Linux server Has all the music stored in mp 3 format Runs a my. SQL database for music organization / ratings control Runs a piece of software called ices.

Software i. Tunes n Program that rips music from CDs to a hard drive, storing them in mp 3 format ICES n the playlists / music files / mp 3 s and converts them into a stream to be broadcast to the DNAS ICECAST 2 (DNAS) n Multiplexer where all the listeners connect to APACHE n Web server where DJ interface runs off of PHP n Scripting language for simple web based programs (what the web DJ interface was written in) PERL n Another simple scripting language (what the spooling / db interaction was written in) my. SQL n Open source DB Server Software

How It All Works Together

Broadcasting (Podcasts) Hardware n n Any MAC Server External Devices n Microphone i. Sight's omni-directional mic Software n Audacity Records DJs, edits, and saves audio files in mp 3 format n Garage Band mixes recorded “DJ” mp 3 s with the song mp 3 s n n ICES ICECAST 2 (DNAS)

How It All Works Together MAC Podcast mp 3 Server A Garage Band mp 3 Interne t mp 3 Audacit y D. N. A. S. Mp 3 Listene r Listener

The Pros and Cons of Internet Radio How it affects us

Internet Radio Pros Simple n Only requires a computer, the internet, and a media player i. Tunes Real media player Windows media player Little or no cost Some stations require a subscription fee, but almost all of them do not

Internet Radio Pros (cont’d) No static! Rising artists, bands, etc. can be recognized easily n More voices are heard Globally used n Cultural advantages

Internet Radio Cons Digital Divide Anyone can have a station Piracy, bootleg copies of music Censorship laws? ? ? n n FCC Communications Decency Act Unconstitutional- First Amendment Butler vs. Michigan n First Amendment becoming history? ? ?

Satellite Radio Ground Station transmits a signal to the satellites, which bounce the signals back down to radio receivers on the ground. n Sirius Three SS/L-1300 satellites in an elliptical formation n n Guarantees that each satellite spends 16 hours a day over the continental U. S. , with at least one satellite over the U. S. at all times. XM Two Boeing HS 702 satellites, in a Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) n Type of orbit most commonly used for communication. Mobile unit, convenient