Internet of Things Industrialization Marius Popescu Sales Manager

Internet of Things Industrialization Marius Popescu Sales Manager, Nokia ASTEL 2017 Sofia, April 11, 2017 1 © Nokia 2016

Agenda The Io. T Market Io. T Components Key Elements of Nokia’s Offer Summary 2 © Nokia 2016

While the past has been about connecting people, the future is about connecting things – improving personal life, optimizing business processes Programmable things Connected things Many things Fixed internet with 1 bn places connected by 2005 3 © Nokia 2016 1 Mobile internet with 5 bn people connected by 2020 2 3 The programmable world improves people's lives through automation, enhanced connectivity and intelligence. It also helps industries to become more efficient, agile and real-time. Programmable World with 50 bn things connected by 2025

The Internet of Things represents a paradigm shift that… Internet • < 5 Billion connected people • Data meaningful in context • From product… • 50 Billion connected “things” • Data disassociated from any source • …to everything delivered as a Service Today 4 © Nokia 2016 2025

Side note: the unbearable lightness of Io. T forecasting “Installed”, “connected” or “active” Io. T devices in 2020 5 20. 8 Bln 26 Bln 27. 9 Bln 29. 5 Bln 38 Bln 40. 9 Bln 50. 1 Bln © Nokia 2016

Why now? Startup culture enables disruptive innovation HW miniaturization & cost reduction Proliferation of wireless networks, devices & endpoints Growth of cloud storage and processing capabilities & resources 6 © Nokia 2016 Io. T Business case for industrial automation Social, economic, environmental, and lifestyle stimuli

Attractive business models and a myriad of use cases will expand the human possibilities Of fatalities in car accidents are due to human error and slow reaction, majority to be avoided by 100% reliable connectivity and assisted driving Of the 355 billion gallons of water used by Americans daily are wasted due to leakages 20% 90% 7 © Nokia 2016 Estimated energy waste in US buildings due to inefficient and outdated HVAC systems 50% Public Fatalities each year worldwide by not following doctor’s prescriptions – addressable by assisted living / patient monitoring 1 million Additional economic benefits for governments by leveraging Smart City applications 50 billion €

Io. T value predictions vary significantly by source Revenue is reported in billions while global economic impact measured in trillions 2018: ABI Research predicts worldwide Io. T potential to be revenue $149 Bn Revenue Potential 2019: Business Insider predicts the total software and services market will be $600 Bn 2020: IC Insights estimates the Io. T in manufacturing market to be worth $13. 5 Bn 2021: Intel has sized the building automation systems market to be $101 Bn 2018: Microsoft sales expenditure for Io. T in manufacturing is set to grow to $913 Bn Economic Impact 2019: IDC Research estimates the worldwide spending on Io. T will reach $1. 3 Tr 2022: Cisco predicts the Io. T market will be $14. 4 Tr in total, with $1. 95 Tr from smart factories 2025: Mc. Kinsey estimates the economic impact of Io. T to be between $3. 9 Tr to $11. 1 Tr Number of Connected Devices 2019: IC Insights predicts the number of new Io. T connections will reach 3. 1 Bn a year 2020: IDC predicts the number of Io. T units will reach 28. 1 Bn, with a growth rate of 17. 5% 2020: The World Economic Forum projects the number of connected devices will hit 50. 1 Bn Source: https: //www. enterpriseirregulars. com/104084/roundup-internet-things-forecasts-market-estimates-2015/ 8 © Nokia 2016

Agenda The Io. T Market Io. T Components Key Elements of Nokia’s Offer Summary 9 © Nokia 2016

The explosion of possibilities and use cases is creating a huge market opportunity in the entire Internet of Things ecosystem >€ 100 B or >50% 2015 -25 CAGR 2025 market projection in € >€ 10 B or >30% 2015 -25 CAGR Mobility Industries Utilities Digital Health Smart Homes Retail & Services Public Safety Smart City IT Applications, Analytics and End-User Services 203 B 110 B 31 B 23 B 19 B 18 B 6 B 6 B 434 B (90%) Application Enablement Platform 11 B 3 B 5 B 2 B 2 B 0. 6 B 0. 3 B 3 B 0. 3 B 28 B (6%) Connectivity Management Platform 2 B 0. 4 B 0. 8 B 0. 3 B 0. 2 B 0. 1 B 0. 04 B 0. 002 B 4 B (1%) Cellular Connectivity 6 B 0. 04 B 0. 02 B 0. 08 B 0. 01 B 0. 7 B 0. 4 B 0. 01 B 8 B (2%) Io. T modules 2 B 2 B 1 B 0. 6 B 2 B 3 B 0. 1 B 0. 3 B 0. 4 B 9 B (2%) 224 B (46%) 117 B (24%) 39 B (8%) 26 B (5%) 24 B (5%) 19 B (4%) 10 B (2%) 7 B (1%) 484 B Source: Machina Research and Nokia Strategy 10 © Nokia 2016

Io. T: Developing new Digital revenue streams Focus on growth beyond connectivity 2025: 2012: Total software and services market: € 61 Bn Total software and services market: € 455 Bn Io. T Connectivity € 9 Bn Io. T Value-added services € 27 -45 Bn € 11 Bn Io. T Value-added services € 436 Bn Hardware € 1. 25 Bn Based on figures from ABI Research, Machina Research and Nokia This forecast does not include broad devices such as consumer electronics 11 © Nokia 2016 Hardware € 8 Bn

Players from different industries have positioned themselves in the emerging ecosystem of the Internet of Things Mobility Industries Utilities Digital Health Smart Homes Retail & Services Applications, Analytics & End. User Services Pure horizontal AEP platform play: Application Enablement Platform Pure horizontal CMP platform play: Connectivity Management Platform Connectivity play: Connectivity Special purpose connectivity service players Module play: Io. T modules 12 © Nokia 2016 Public Safety Smart Cities IT establishing offering

Io. T LPWA 1 technology space SIGFOX Lo. Ra NB Io. T (NB LTE) e. MTC (LTE-M) EC-GSM Rel. 13 5 G (targets) Range MCL <12 km 160 d. B < 10 km 157 d. B <15 km 164 d. B < 10 km 156 d. B < 15 km 164 d. B <12 km 160 d. B Spectrum Bandwidth Unlicensed 900 MHz 100 Hz Unlicensed 900 MHz <500 k. Hz Licensed 7 -900 MHz 200 k. Hz shared Licensed 7 -900 MHz shared Licensed 8 -900 MHz shared Licensed 7 -900 MHz shared Data rate <100 bps <10 kbps <200 kbps < 1 Mbps 10 kbps < 1 Mbps Battery life 10+ years 10+ years Use case Smart Grid/City/ Monitoring Smart Grid / City/ Monitoring Smart Grid/City/ Monitoring Sm. Grid / City / Monitor. / vehic. Module cost 4. 00$ (2015) 2. 64$ (2020) 4$ (2015) 2 -3$ (2020) 5. 00$ (2015) 3. 30$ (2020) 4. 5$ (2015) 2. 97$ (2020) <$2 1 LPWA: Low-power wide-area 13 © Nokia 2016 Nokia focus on best interworking with legacy networks

Why LTE-based cellular technology? Where would mobile data monetization be in 2017, if mobile broadband evolution had stopped in 2007? 3 GPP ensures continues evolution What is the benefit of 10 years battery autonomy of the device, if the serving network isn’t around anymore in 2027? • NB-Io. T and e. MTC work on 4 G networks, which have the largest subscriber base as of 2020 • NB-Io. T agreed as 5 G baseline for Io. T connecitvity 14 © Nokia Solutions and Networks 2016 • From HSPA to LTE-Advanced Pro • From Cat. 1 to Cat. M 1, Cat. NB 1 and beyond

Slim Radio ensures low cost & power for massive Io. T >10 years Power saving Battery life with two AA batteries Longer sleeping cycles* Less signaling for wakeup Power Save Mode Very low device cost e. DRX Better coverage Simplified modems compared to current LTE Narrowband transmission Repetition and power spectral density boosts Reduced transmit power Limited downlink transmission modes Improved indoor coverage UE processing relaxations 10, 000 x >10 Gbps 15 © Nokia 2016 Smaller technical and economic entry barriers e. MTC: +15 d. B, 7 x area coverage NB-Io. T: +20 d. B, 7 x area coverage 100 Mbps *) Extended Discontinuous Reception (DRX) Unlock new use cases <1 ms 10 -100 x ultra low 10 years

Overlay Core for Io. T services Trigger points to deploy overlay Io. T Core Network: • Extreme Io. T subscription growth • cloud evolution • drive Io. T business vertical with lowest possible TCO 16 © Nokia 2016 Combined Core Existing Core Networks supporting both MBB and Io. T verticals MBB Core Existing Core for MBB vertical Io. T Core Overlay Connectivity Network for Io. T • Cloud ready Core solution provides flexibility to start overlay deployment and helps operator to build cost-effective Core Network for Io. T deployment • Operational efficiency improvement with cloud deployment ranges from 21%-38% • Io. T specific optimization in overlay deployment to drive TCO down, which may not be valid for MBB subscription

Io. T Security imperative is handled at multiple levels Secure the endpoint and control 1. Manage endpoints (sensors) to establish trust Industry best practices: • 2 -way authentication • Signed software delivery from trusted source to ensure authenticity • Certificates, keys, encryption 2. Analyze Traffic pattern & Detect anomalies using Analytics 3. Secure operations • • 17 Workflow & Authorization workflow Multifactor authentication Text & video logging Activity monitoring & session termination © Nokia 2016 IOT applications Net. Guard Identity Access Manager Secured Io. T platform inform Device Management Link Connected devices Data Link analyze Net. Guard Endpoint Security OAMP

The Internet of (hacked) Things on the rise As we connect more devices, and create more value from the generated data, the risk for abuse, and security breaches goes up October 2014 Millions of smart meters in Spain compromised 18 © Nokia 2016 February 2015 2. 2 million BMWs impacted July 2015 1. 4 million Chryslers recalled

To fully capitalize the Internet of Things opportunity, five main challenges have to be addressed Robust connectivity: Latency, availability, coverage Standardization: Standard connectivity for billions of things 1 Domain knowledge: Deep, vertical-specific insights 19 © Nokia 2016 2 Interoperability and open interfaces: Enabling platforms to talk with each other 3 Privacy and security: Prevent malware injection and data misuse 4 5

Agenda The Io. T Market Io. T Components Key Elements of Nokia’s Offer Summary 20 © Nokia 2016

Nokia aspires to shape the programmable world with Io. T-optimized networks and applications in selected verticals � Applications ng. Connect ecosystem program for e 2 e vertical apps and analytics Platforms Connectivity management, application enablement, Io. T device management Connectivity Cellular for Io. T (NB-Io. T, e. MTC, EC GSM), short-range, fixed access, MEC¹, Io. T optimized Core and Security 1. MEC: Mobile Edge Computing 21 © Nokia 2016 • Build E 2 E competence for Io. T business in selected verticals with global SI capabilities and develop Io. T ecosystem program • Build value add with Nokia Io. T platform solutions pre-integrated with Nokia Core • Build on Nokia key competence in standardized, globally available connectivity solution with key differentiators like MEC, Airframe or Security

A horizontal multi-tenancy approach enables Io. T mass adoption Smart Cities Connected Cars Connected Utilities Public Safety Health, Home Io. T Platform (IMPACT) v v v Point solutions are limited due to: • High cost for integration • Expensive duplication of effort • Underutilized resources • Disparate security standards • Lacking economies of scale 22 © Nokia 2016 v v v v Horizontal approach drives adoption by: • Promoting best practices by leveraging end-to-end security and scalability • Streamlining operations to reduce costs • Monetize Io. T by expanding offerings through modular and flexible mix-and-match architecture

Nokia Io. T Platform - IMPACT Hosted Applications on an Application Development & Execution Platform with corresponding analytics (cloud and distributed via Mobile Edge Compute) data & event collection, storage, Analytics Applications Location, Fault management, Enterprise mgmt Data Collection & processing Manage Devices Management Plane (CDP) device discovery, OTA upgrades, Configuration Connectivity Mgmt (CMP) Manage Service SIM Subscription, Provisioning, Rate Plans, Charging , e. SIM, Enterprise Mgmt 23 Io. T Platform (IMPACT) © Nokia 2016 Security Monetize ADEP

Nokia Connectivity Management Platform (CMP) CRM SIM & Subscription Management Product Catalogue Charging, Rating & Billing Self Care portal Statistics, dashboards CMP helps operators manage the exploding number of connections from sensors and devices, especially when they use SIM connections. The platform offers flexible deployment options and selectable modules. 24 © Nokia 2016 Public

IMPACT Connected Device Platform (CDP) module Proven scalability for critical Io. T applications Combination of Nokia Motive and Mformation offers customers a comprehensive, secure and cross-industry platform for the Io. T-optimized network ~800 17% 18% million managed devices across home, mobile and enterprise networks 1 B€ savings for our top 10 customers fixed device management market share + mobile device management market share 1 firmly places Alcatel-Lucent in device management across home, mobile and enterprise networks with over 260+ customers + 25 © Nokia 2016 10 Billion connected devices need to be managed – that is an average of 1. 7 devices for every person on the planet

Nokia Application Development and Enablement Platform (ADEP) Data collection and processing (location, events, environment) Tenant management Device Inventory and management AAA Tools for application development Nokia Application Development and Enablement Platform (ADEP) lets operators create customized Io. T applications and services fast and cost-effectively with proven building blocks. The platform makes it easier to handle the complexity of these applications including managing devices, networks and systems. 26 © Nokia 2016

IMPACT Highlights • • • 27 © Nokia 2016 Multi-tenant, Multi -protocol, Standards-based (Radio) Connectivity agnostic Optional SCEF node function in case Pa. Co not NB-Io. T ready ADEP agnostic / Simplifies vertical Io. T application development Data Collection and Event Steam Processing; • Fault Management, Policies, Alerts, Trends Prediction • Horizontal Scalable, • Edge & Cloud Gateway Security: • Anomaly detection, Malware detection Device Management: • firmware & software update, reset/reboot, configuration control commands, device discovery Multiple Deployment Models: Cloud/Saa. S, On-premise Rich APIs for integration (northbound & southbound) Industry leading Device certification

Net. Guard Endpoint Security – product overview 14 patents Network-based malware detection in fixed and mobile networks Threats FIXED & MOBILE MALWARE GROWS Android and i. OS infections raising, 20% of laptops infected Network-based malware protection Net. Guard Endpoint Security DETECTION Automated Actions Security Insight Alert and Fix Analytics and Self-care Io. T IS ALREADY TARGETED Several attacks, from security cameras to connected cars Correlation of traffic patterns Threat Intelligence Labs DB CYBERCRIME IS A BIG BUSINESS Professional and funded Same revenue as drug trade EXISTING SOLUTIONS OBSOLETE Weak detection rate Too many clients to manage No SW on end user devices 28 © Nokia 2016 Enterprise Residential Smartphones, PCs, Io. T Mobile and Fixed All subscribers, mobile/fixed Network-based sensors detect malicious traffic originating from any subscriber device (Nokia DB, heuristics, Io. T profile deviation) INSIGHT Awareness about all infected subscribers allows to take the right countermeasures ACTIONS: ALERT & FIX Alert the subscribers and assist them in removing the threats, e. g. blocking traffic or triggering updates (Io. T) Individual subs. remediation Monitoring network traffic from 100+ million devices

A comprehensive approach to secure connected mobility App Our solution: combining Impact and Net. Guard Manage endpoints to establish trust Using industry best practices (2 -way authentication; signed software delivery from trusted source to ensure authenticity; certificates; keys; encryption) Endpoint profiling Alert and mitigate any deviation 29 © Nokia 2016 1 3 Nokia applications, partner applications, 3 rd party applications Net. Guard Certificate Manager Io. T Platform Device management link inform Data link Connected Devices Net. Guard Endpoint Security analyze Analyze traffic pattern and detect anomalies using analytics 2

Net. Guard Endpoint Security (NES) detects MIRAI Bot Monitor the network and detect malicious traffic • NES detects the scanning and brute force login attempts, • NES identifies the bots, • NES detects the command & control sites and build an IP black list to block communication Password hacking attempts into Io. T devices Observed and investigated by Nokia Threat Intelligence Lab 30 © Nokia 2016 Net. Guard Endpoint Security …helps service provider to prevent Io. T devices in their network from participating in the attacks

Leveraging existing devices Nokia Video Analytics application suite From Data Collection towards Data insight 1. 2. 31 Traffic video feeds are analyzed to derive patterns and measure abnormalities (density, direction, dwell) Machine learning is used to create insights : detect speeding vehicle, traffic patterns, causes of congestion © Nokia 2016 Turning existing and new cameras into sensors Differentiation 1. North Direction Motion 1 Low Velocity Dwell, Crowd Trend envelop plot 2 2. Multi-modal analytics capabilities: currently we have video capability, but we plan to be capable of analyzing any other source of Io. T data Optimized real processing and on the edge

Customer value from automatic anomaly detection Use case examples Wrong Direction Crowd Congregation Speeding & Running • Detect forbidden walk path eg walking against traffic at airport security • • Detect a speeding vehicle • • Detect car taking wrong turn • Detect traffic accidents Detect single person running in a crowd Detect Panic at Airport or School Detect a fight at a school Detect Crowd in Panic • • • 32 © Nokia 2016 Measure popular storefronts and billboards in shopping mall

Leverage devices Nokia purchase of Withings 33 © Nokia 2016

Systems Integration expertise is key for Io. T Legacy OSS/BS S Integration of Io. T Platforms to OSS/BSS Io. T Applications Telematics Utilities Design and deployment of CMP and AEP Healthcare Automation Io. T Platform CRM Connectivity Management Platform (CMP) ERP Application Enablement Platform (AEP) Integration of Io. T applications with Platform Integration of Io. T Platforms to Core Network Core and Radio Networks OSS WCDMA GSM Wi. Fi Fixed SIM Billing © Nokia 2016 LTE SDM Deployment and integration of Mobile Guard Security Build Io. T Optimized Core Io. T Gateway Io. T Devices (Fixed & Mobile) 34 Industrial

ng Connect Program Io. T Community & Ecosystem Completed Market Trials • Connected Service Technician (NZ) • Connected Bus Shelter (NZ) Market Trials in Progress • 4 K Streaming Video for Tourism (US) • Healthcare for Remote Areas (Taiwan) • Gigabit Smart Campus (Taiwan) The Io. T Community of the ng Connect Program brings innovative companies together to collaborate and unleash the potential of the Internet of Things. 35 © Nokia 2016

Io. T Community and ng Connect Members The Io. T Community and ng Connect Program members span a wide range of industries and markets, and include innovators in infrastructure, devices, applications, content, and vertical markets • Includes customers, partners, government agencies, and universities • 250+ ng Connect members • 30+ Io. T Community members at launch 36 © Nokia 2016 For a complete listing of members, go to www. iotcommunity. com or www. ngconnect. org

Nokia use cases cover a broad range of verticals PUBLIC SPACES & MOVEMENT Smart Public Spaces Tourism/ VR/ Advertising SENSORS Smart Energy / Metering Smart Lighting CONNECTIVITY CONTROLLERS Smart Parking Smart Buildings & Fixed Assets Video Monitoring Inf Traffic Mgmt / Tolls SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Water Management / Metering Waste Management or ma s on ti Ac tio n Secure Management & Operations Public Transport & Fleet Mgmt 37 © Nokia 2016 Public Safety Connected Vehicles & Autonomous Driving STORAGE & ANALYTICS e-Government & Public Services

Connected mobility makes driving safer Field proven innovation In November 2015 connected cars were publicly showcased on the German A 9 highway 38 © Nokia 2016 Cross industry Use cases Nokia Mobile Edge Computing in Deutsche Telekom‘s live LTE networking with Continental and Fraunhofer • Cooperative overtaking assistant • Electronic brake light Partners Benefits • Robust 10 -15 ms application latency enables near real time communication improving road safety

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and UAV Traffic Management (UTM) Use cases • Intelligent monitoring and surveillance • Search and Rescue • Study and exploration • Transport and delivery, such as medical supplies in remote areas • Relays, such as Wi-Fi hotspot in the sky • LTE network technology with Mobile Edge Computing platform • Drones equipped with LTE dongles, GPS and access modules for telemetry data • Computing and processing components for monitoring airspace, viewing a drone’s flight path and telemetry data 39 © Nokia 2016 Unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management technology helps unlock the multifold possibilities of drones

< C h a n g e i n f o r m a t i o 40 © Nokia 2016

Secure Remote Management of Connected Car Devices OVERVIEW THE CHALLENGE • Drivers consume media in new and connected ways • Several connected subsystems need updating • Business models that can secure Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) need maintaining USE CASE INFORMATION • Multi-endpoint solution • OTA Secure software updates • Diagnostic capabilities • Manage head unit software (firmware updates, security policies, connectivity) • Manage vehicle diagnostics scripts Vehicle Management THE SOLUTION • IMPACT Platform • Integrate with Verizon Telematics IT environments and Mercedes Benz in-vehicle systems • Provide OTA software updates and diagnostics • Secure and standards-based (Open Mobile Alliance) platform THE RESULT • Drivers and passengers access services and applications they want and need • New business models and revenue streams are created • Direct channel to customers strengthens brand relations Wireless Internet IOT Platform (IMPACT) WEB SERVICE INTERFACE Scalable Management Solution: • Rule-based customized automation manager for work flow • Manages Software parts inventory • Device GUI for customized device handling 41 © Nokia 2016 CRM OEM BACK END CLIENT INTERFACE

FOTA campaigns for Connected CAR OVERVIEW USE CASE INFORMATION THE CUSTOMER • Continental, a major SI in Automotive serving Audi, VW, BMW, Mercedes, Tesla USE CASE • FOTA campaigns for Connected Cars worldwide PRODUCTS • Nokia Device Management TECHNOLOGY • OMA-DM • FUMO • SCOMO FACTS • In 2015 security breaches, for example, BWM and Jeep impacted millions of cars • Tesla did 29 SW upgrades over the air to Model S in 32 months 42 © Nokia 2016 Continental Device x, Firmware y Target Device Groups, Target Time Window Interoperability • Device Certification and Verification (incl OEM self verification) Nokia DM Saa. S • Turnkey cloud FOTA Campaign • Bulk field campaigns hosted Saa. S Device Knowledge Base for targeted devices • Clean up sweeps Device data. Base • • Reports Pass, Coverage Continental

Agenda The Io. T Market Io. T Components Key Elements of Nokia’s Offer Summary 43 © Nokia 2016

The Internet of Things has a transformational impact on all industries, re-shaping business models, value chains, and entire industry configurations Do ns ma Su ins tra rve i ck lla ing nc e, Em ma ergen nag cy em ent Law e milita nforcem ent, ry Ve rtic Public Safety Preventi ve health Patient care ai rtic als Services 7 Industries Smart Homes 6 5 Utilities Smart Infrastructure, facilities tolls Traffic , parking , Sm a bui rt ldin gs rid t g ar Sm Smart Cities and ter Wa te s wa S pr ma ag odu rt ric ct ul ion tu , re 4 m, Touris reality, l virtua sing rti adve © Nokia 2016 aymen 8 Retail Mobility 3 44 ent m quip IT e Smart p Digital Health 2 , hospitals Connected rs ke or w th heal road ected n n o C les vehic ins tra ted , c e es nn an l Co p ted ec nn o C ips sh s ork w net IT 9 q IT Ve 1 m uip e e fic Of als t en m Do t Smart stores Smart v ending Sma r white t consum er, goo ds Sm a tem rt lig per hting atu re , Sm vid art m eo us ic,

Nokia’s Io. T Strategy Connected Automotive Connected Cities Connected Health Connected Utilities Connected Safety � Focus verticals è è è Global presence and capability Nokia applications (ex: video analytics) Third Party applications Ecosystem for applications Io. T discovery and consulting support Device and medium-agnostic platform References raised USD 350 million investment fund for investments in Internet of Things Ecosystem & investments Connect startups and performs market trials ADEP Horizontal platform Multitechnologies 45 © Nokia 2016 Management Plane (CDP) Connectivity layer (CMP) Licensed NB-Io. T (Rel. 13) Security Io. T Platform (IMPACT) Data Collection & processing è è è Unify Io. T platforms of several verticals Integrate Northbound and southbound with existing assets and ecosystem Deliver rich API for big data and actions Maximize security Maintain and prime partners Non licensed e. MTC (LTE-M) EC-GSM Current focus

Why Nokia Io. T connectivity – Standardized solutions with key differentiators like MEC and security Io. T platforms - Pretested and integrated into Nokia Io. T solutions Io. T Applications – Technical and market validation with partner ecosystem Now is time to act – Nokia helps operators and enterprises tap new business opportunities in the rapidly developing Io. T market. 46 © Nokia 2016

47 © Nokia 2016