International Telecommunication Union Satellite Communication for Dummies Reinhard

International Telecommunication Union Satellite Communication for Dummies Reinhard. Scholl@itu. int Deputy to the Director Telecommunication Standards Bureau www. itu. int/ITU-T Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 Page -

Contents o o o The Market The Standards The Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 2

Satellite Physics o Geostationary satellites (36, 000 km) • Stay over a fixed point on the ground • Advantage: 1. The Market • “simple” 2. The Standards • Disadvantage: 3. The Workshop • ½ sec for signal-round trip • because satellite far away, signal is weak when it hits earth o LEO (low-earth-orbit) satellites • Advantage: shorter delays • Disadvantage: complex Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 3

Today’s Satellite Communication Services 1. Voice Trunking 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop 2. Mobile telephony 3. Broadband Internet 4. Digital television Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 4

Historical Perspective o The old days: • • 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop • o Communications satellite research & deployment: early ’ 60 s Main instrument for transoceanic communications Monopolistic markets Recent developments: • • • Liberalization of satellite industry Privatization of treaty organizations Competition with other transport media: • Fiber for voice/data o • A single strand can carry more data than all existing satellites combined (acc. to Telegeography) Cable for TV-broadcasting Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 5

LEOs’ Roller Coaster Ride o Early ’ 90 s: LEOs reach for the stars • mobile telephony: 1. The Market • Iridium, Globalstar, ICO 2. The Standards • “Internet-in-the-sky”: 3. The Workshop • Teledesic o End of ’ 90 s: LEOs fall back to earth • Bankruptcies (Ch 11) o Beginning 2000 s: LEOs to relaunch more modestly Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 6

Risks of Satellite Industry o Long wait between design and profitability: • Many satellites make money only after 10 years in orbit • Need to build entire network before signing up the first customer 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop o o Manufacturers must lock down technology > 3 years before launch Betting on a market up to 15 years in the future Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 7

World Satellite Services Revenue in billion $ est. Subscription/retail services revenues 1. The Market 2. The Standards Transponder leasing revenues (Source: Satellite Industry Association) 44. 4 3. The Workshop 31. 5 22. 5 15. 6 18. 3 5. 2 5. 7 6. 1 7. 2 7. 7 1996 1998 1999 2000 10. 6 39. 2 7. 2 2001 Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 7. 8 2002 8

Where to Go? 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop o Need for: • differentiating products & services • new markets • competitive pricing o Provision of services to end-users • Broadband bi-directional data (Internet) access • Sharing of resources to reduce costs ? ! • Customized interfaces / APIs ? ! Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 9

What is Being Done in ITU-T? 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop o High-level coordination activities: • ICG-SAT: coordination between and within ITU-T and ITU-R activities o Mid- and low-level coordination: • Mediacom 2004 (ITU-T SG 16) • IP Project (ITU-T SG 13) o Exploring opportunities for synergy with ITU-D o Important: specifications to take satellites into account Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 10

Possible Standardization Topics 1. The Market o Common service definition approach 2. The Standards o Common service interfaces 3. The Workshop o Defined user premises equipment and interfaces o Resources for seamless interconnection across networks Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 11

Workshop Objectives o Examine business cases for satellite services 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop o Identify standards to be developed which help satellite industry to make money o Increase awareness of ITU-T and ITU-R related studies o Coordinate with other SDOs and forums o Enhance studies on the possibility of use of satellites for bridging digital divide Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 12

Thank you to the Steering Committee … o Paolo Amadesi 1. The Market 2. The Standards 3. The Workshop o Brian Moore o Vladimir Androuchko o Mark Neibert o Fabio Bigi o Tolga Ors o Simao Campos o Pierre-Andre Probst o Greg Jones o Reinhard Scholl o Sastri Kota o Georges Sebek o Chae-Sub Lee o David Weinreich o Yves Montfort … + thank you to numerous ITU staff Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia - Geneva, 9 -11 December 2002 13