International Cooking A Culinary Journey 2 E Chapter

History Romans § arrived about 200 BC § introduced grapes, wine, garlic, wheat, and

Moors (Arabs from North Africa) § § § arrived in eighth century brought many

Christopher Columbus and other explorers returned from the New World § in the late

Topography Iberian Peninsula § Spain makes up five-sixths § Portugal is remaining one-sixth International

§ Atlantic Ocean borders Spain on the northwest § Only eight miles of water

Mountains in Northwest and Northeast § create difficult terrain § caused isolation § Pyrenees

Climate § hot, sunny summers § cold winters § southern areas near Mediterranean Sea

Cooking Methods § Braising § Frying § Grilling International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: ,

Regions Although cooks prepare many of the same dishes throughout Spain and Portugal, the

Galicia § located in the northwest § simple food § fine produce § lots

La Mancha dominates central Spain n sparse population n sheep thrive § olla podrida

Valencia § located on the eastern coast bordering the Mediterranean Sea § rice, oranges

Andalusia § lies in southern Spain § fried foods § Gazpacho, the famous cold

Extremadura § Situated in the west § farmland raising lots of pigs § pork

Portugal § ocean breezes create a milder climate § many crops including potatoes, tomatoes,

Cuisine § strong emphasis on the use of fresh ingredients § simple preparations §

Interior Regions n n lamb, mutton, goat, and pork cured ham, serrano, sausages Coastal

High Quality Cheeses § made from cow, sheep, and goat milk, or a combination

Portuguese Use § more herbs and spices than the Spanish § lots of fresh

Tapas small snacks or appetizers served in bars as a snack in the late

Meals Breakfast - eaten away from home n comida - main meal n eaten

Alcoholic Beverages § Spain and Portugal produce lots of wine § Portugal makes excellent

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International Cooking: A Culinary Journey, 2 E Chapter 2 Spain and Portugal

History Romans § arrived about 200 BC § introduced grapes, wine, garlic, wheat, and olives International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 2 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Moors (Arabs from North Africa) § § § arrived in eighth century brought many types of fruits and vegetables - citrus fruits, watermelon, pomegranates, grapes, artichokes, spinach, eggplants, dates, almonds, marzipan, herbs and spices, nutmeg, saffron, pepper, honey introduced marinating, frying, combining sweet with savory International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 3 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Christopher Columbus and other explorers returned from the New World § in the late 1400 s § brought new foods including tomatoes, corn, potatoes, sweet peppers, and chocolate from the New World International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 4 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Topography Iberian Peninsula § Spain makes up five-sixths § Portugal is remaining one-sixth International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 5 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

§ Atlantic Ocean borders Spain on the northwest § Only eight miles of water separates Africa from the south of Spain § France borders Spain on the northeast § Portugal joins on the west § Mediterranean lies to the south International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 6 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Mountains in Northwest and Northeast § create difficult terrain § caused isolation § Pyrenees Mountains in northeast form border with France International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 7 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Climate § hot, sunny summers § cold winters § southern areas near Mediterranean Sea have warmer climate § mountainous regions have colder climate § Portugal’s climate is milder because ocean breezes temper it International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 8 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Regions Although cooks prepare many of the same dishes throughout Spain and Portugal, the recipes vary significantly in different regions. International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 10 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Galicia § located in the northwest § simple food § fine produce § lots of seafood § known for the empanada, a meat pie or turnover with a soft, flaky crust § hearty food matches the harsh climate International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 11 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

La Mancha dominates central Spain n sparse population n sheep thrive § olla podrida - a casserole containing almost anything that can be stewed n International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 12 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Valencia § located on the eastern coast bordering the Mediterranean Sea § rice, oranges and other citrus fruits, olives, and grapes § rice-based dishes § paella - named for the pot in which it is cooked, paella is a casserole of saffronflavored rice with a variety of meats, chicken, seafood, and vegetables International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 13 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Andalusia § lies in southern Spain § fried foods § Gazpacho, the famous cold tomato vegetable soup § cloves, cumin, cinnamon, and other spices International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 14 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Extremadura § Situated in the west § farmland raising lots of pigs § pork dishes, sausages, and cured meats like serrano ham International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 15 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Portugal § ocean breezes create a milder climate § many crops including potatoes, tomatoes, and corn § seafood § grapes for wine and port International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 16 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Cuisine § strong emphasis on the use of fresh ingredients § simple preparations § the flavors of the foods stand out within each dish § often use parsley, garlic, and saffron International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 17 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Interior Regions n n lamb, mutton, goat, and pork cured ham, serrano, sausages Coastal Areas n seafood n fresh or salted cod, sardines, and tuna in Portugal n anchovies, cod, squid, and many types of shellfish in Spain International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 18 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

High Quality Cheeses § made from cow, sheep, and goat milk, or a combination of all three § different regions specialize in certain types of cheeses § Spanish government regulates the production of some cheeses. There are currently twelve Designation of Origin (DO) cheeses in Spain. International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 19 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Portuguese Use § more herbs and spices than the Spanish § lots of fresh cilantro § more cream and butter than the Spanish International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 20 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Tapas small snacks or appetizers served in bars as a snack in the late morning and in the late afternoon and/or early evening International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 21 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Meals Breakfast - eaten away from home n comida - main meal n eaten midday n consists of soup or salad, a fish or tortilla course, some type of meat, followed by dessert that usually consists of fruit n n cena - light supper International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 22 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.

Alcoholic Beverages § Spain and Portugal produce lots of wine § Portugal makes excellent port § Spain known for sherry Sherry and port are fortified wines. International Cooking: A Culinary Journey: , 2 E Patricia Heyman 23 © 2012, 2003 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.