Intermodal Short Sea Shipping Floating Ports Initiatives UNECE

Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Floating Ports Initiatives? UNECE 36 th Session on Inland Water Transport 2010. 02. 10 -12 Geneva, Swiss Jae Wook Lee ISO / TC 8 / SC 11, Chairman Professor, Inha University, Korea

Discussion Topics u Intermodal, Rivers, Short Sea Shipping u Floating Ports Initiatives

World Marine Industry Sector Totals 2005 -2010 (€bn) Source : World Marine Markets, March 2005, Douglas-Westwood

Trade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE Asia TSR TCR-N TCR-M 9, 778 bil. $ TCR-S 4, 971 bil. $ 5, 808 bil. $ 2, 356 bil. $ 2003 2010 EU 2003 2010 NE Asia

unit : 10, 000 TEU Container Trade Volume among C-J-K

Needs of SSS System in NE Asia Ø European short sea shipping has achieved great success for last 15 years to shift cargos from road transport Ø Road congestion results increase of transport cost & air pollution in Europe Ø Short Sea Shipping is recognized as best practices for users, operators, regulators and infrastructure providers of C-J-K region

q Definition § Short Sea Shipping § Intermodality q Implementation § Hardware Ships, Cargo handling systems, Terminals § Software VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics) q Support § A local cooperative forum § Collaboration with market

TMGR To America TMR TKR Yantai TCR KTX JR Lianyungang Yangtze River EU Ocean Route SSS Route Short Sea Shipping Routes In Yellow Sea Region

Yellow Sea-River Shipping

Kyung-In Canal Length : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 m Han River Yellow Sea INCHEON SEOUL

Yangtze River Inland Waterway Chonging 重慶 Length : 2, 399 km (Shanghai – Chongqing) 446 Fengjie 奉節 538 92 Badong 巴東 Annual Throughput : 430 mil ton (2004) 648 202 110 Yichang 宜昌 1, 274 828 736 626 Wuhan 武漢 1, 543 1, 097 1, 005 895 269 Jiujiang 九江 2, 007 1, 561 1, 469 1, 359 733 464 Nanjing 南京 2, 094 1, 648 1, 556 1, 446 820 551 87 Zhenjiang 鎭江 2, 399 1, 953 1, 861 1, 751 1, 125 856 392 305 Shanghai 上海

q SSS System Ø Ships objective : - Sea-river Barge - Fast Container Carrier - Train Ferry, etc Ø Terminal Facilities : - Cargo handling systems - Transshipment, etc. Ø SSS Support Systems : - SSS Information Networks - Identification and Location Technologies for Intermodal Transport - Customs Clearance - Container Security Initiatives etc.

q Ships objective New or Old Technologies New: Tri-maran Fast Container Feeder(40 kts) Old: Pusher Barge Fleet

Fast or Slow Ships Fast Container Ship (over 30 knots) Barges (less than 10 knots)

The FLO/FLO Type Barge Carriers Source: Dockwise (2003)

Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea -1 A conceptual drawing of seariver barge carrier for the local delivery along the coastal area of Korean peninsular

Sea-river Barge carrier as an example Alternative Concept for conventional Container Transshipment Hinterland Sea-river Barge Reducing number of transshipment steps Container Ship Sea Hinterland Sea-river Barge Modern barge carrier concept Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

Loading Depth Reducing for loading of barge into the under-deck cargo hold • Pumping out water from the ballast tanks to adjust the height of barge carrier to accommodate the floating barge into the lower cargo hold • Floating and fixing of the barge in cargo hold Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea - 2 Larger Cargo Hold of Barge Carrier Advantage: Direct floating-in of barge fleet into the carrier Disadvantage: Great free surface with nagative influence on the ship stability Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

Train Ferry System • Train Ferry System for Korea-China and Korea-Japan • Short Sea Shipping linkage to TAR (Trans Asian Railway) • Standardization Target : Ship and Harbor Facility Train Ferry in Baltic Sea SSS linkages to TAR

Major Railway Network of China Beijing 8 Major Longitudinal Railways Shanghai 8 Major Transverse Railways

q Terminal Facilities Inland Waterway Container Terminal INLAND CONTAINER TERMINAL, LO/LO BARGE ACCESS Rail Mounted Gantry Crane WAREHOUSES-CFS Loaded Container Stack To/from Over-the-Road Vans To/from Grounded ISO Container Direct Delivery of Container from Barge to Warehouse Door LO/LO Container Barge Two-way Container On Chassis Loading Lane

Cargo Handling Systems Ro. Pax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU

• Container Pallet handling system patented by CTYS, Inha University CTYS 2000 § High Performance Capability of Loading and Unloading § Position Valve System Activated by Smart Electro-Rheological(ER) Fluids § Easy adaptation for High Speed Cargo Ships

Concept of Mega Pallet System -1

Concept of Mega Pallet System - 2

Floating Container Terminal Container crane Fixing Anchor Max. Min. Sh ip Absorbin g Devices 10. 0 m Connection Bridge Coupling s Bridge support Floating Containe r Terminal CTYS Contai ner crane s Max. Min. 10. 0 m Absor bing Devic es Floati ng Contai ner Termi nal CTYS

Offshore Floating Terminal Trends of container shipping - Mega Carrier shipping co. - Big ship, 12000 TEU over - Mega Hub port - Global Terminal Operator (GTO) Source : Offshore-Containerumschlag – Herausforderung für Ingenieure Kapitän Dipl. -Naut. Olaf Kammertöns Entwicklungszentrum für Schiffstechnik und Transport systeme e. V. (Duisburg) Dipl. -Ing. Wolfgang Wichner CATS Gmb. H & Co. KG (Wendelstein) Prof. Dr. -Ing. Moustafa Abdel-Maksoud Institut für Schiffstechnik und Transportsysteme der UDE (Duisburg)* Mitglied des Zentrums für Logistik und Verkehr, Universität Duisburg-Essen 28. Duisburger Kolloquium, 14 -15 June, 2007

Offshore Floating Terminal Source : Abdel Maksoud et. al. 2007

Mobile Harbor (MH-B 1 type) Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH-B 2 type) Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH_A 1 -1200 type) Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH_A 1 -250 type) Source : KAIST

Types of Mobile Floating Structures 1. Mobile floating ports/terminals - implementing the nodal point of global and short sea shipping for efficient logistics system - IT based design of future logistics process before implementation 2. Floating Airport 3. Artificial Island : concept for ocean living & tourism 4. Sea based support Platform - The need for amphibious operations

Challenges in defining and implementing - Understanding scope and complexity of implementation Lack of internal expertise to implement virtualization Anticipated costs of implementing virtualization Demonstrating ROI for virtualization Strategies in support of its Initiatives - Determine need for virtualization Develop virtualization strategy Consolidate applications and data System management and technologies Safety & Security VTMIS, EDI, e-Port Clearance, Standardization, etc.

Major Fields for Design and Construction Structure Mechanics - Loading and structure response analysis - Safety and reliability of the structures, etc. Hydrodynamics - Analysis of relative motion between structure and ships during operation conditions, etc. Automation & Crane Technology - Operation of container cranes in the balanced conditions - Energy management system of the structures Structure Lifetime Management - Cost-Profit-Analysis

Intermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE Asia Ø High-speed Container System in C-J-K region Ø C-J-K Ro. Pax (Ro. Ro & Passenger) System Ø Korea-China Train Ferry System Ø Sea-River Barge System Ø Offshore Floating Terminal, etc.

Thank You for your attention Prof. Jae Wook Lee : leejwook@inha. ac. kr