INTERIOR OF EARTH By Rana Faizan Saleem Roll

INTERIOR OF EARTH By Rana Faizan Saleem Roll. No (10)

Earth Layers �The Earth is divided into four main Layers: 1) Crust 2) Mantle 3) Outer-Core 4) Inner-Core

The Crust �It is an outer layer. �It is 5 -100 km thick. �It makes up 1% of Earth. �The crust is broken into many pieces , called Plate tectonics. Types of Earth Crust: There are two types of Crust. 1) Oceanic(very dense , made up of Basalt) 2) Continental(less dense , made up of granite)

The Mantle �The mantle is the layer below the Crust. �It is the largest layer of the earth. �It consists of molten materials. �It is very thick layer of earth. �It is divided into 2 regions: (i) Upper Mantle (ii) Lower Mantle

The Core �Made mostly of iron. � 1/3 of the earth mass. �It is very hot layer. �It divides into 2 layers: (i) Outer-Core (ii) Inner-Core

Outer Core �The outer core is liquid. �It is very dense. �It is made up of iron.

Inner Core �The Inner core is a solid. �The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move about like a liquid.

Earth Layer’s �How Earth layers are similar to an egg? �Shell=Crust �Egg White=Mantle �Yolk=Core

Physical Structure Of The Earth Ø Lithosphere: rigid outer layer (crust) Ø Asthenosphere: solid rock that flows slowly Ø Moho Discontinuity: the boundary between the Earth’s crust and the upper mantle Ø Mesosphere: middle layer Ø Outer core: liquid layer Ø Inner core: solid, very dense

Earth Waves There are two types of earth waves: Ø Body Waves (P and S Waves) Ø Surface Waves (Rayleigh and Love Waves) Body Waves: (i) P-Waves(Primary Waves) • These are compressional waves. • Travels through liquid, gas and solid. • These waves are very faster. • Particles moves in parallel direction of waves motion.

S-Waves(Shear/Secondary) �These waves are transverse. �These waves only passed through solids. �These waves travels slowly than P-waves. �Particles moves perpendicularly (up and down) to the direction of wave motion.

Earth Atmosphere �There are 4 layers of earth atmoshphere. 1. Troposphere • Where we are living. • 12 km from the surface of earth. • All earth weather occurs here. 2. Straitosphere • Where airoplane fly • It has ozone layer which absorb U. V rays. • 50 km from the surface of earth.

3. • • • 4. • • Mesosphere It is a coldest region of atmosphere. It prevents earth from large rock object(Meteoroids). 80 km from the surface of earth. Thermosphere Its Temp is high due to U. V waves. It has two types: (i) ionosphere: (Inner surface of Thermosphere) (ii) Exosphere: (Outer surface of Thermosphere)

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