INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS

INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES PROGRAMME UNEP WMO 2006 IPCC Guidelines Background and Objectives of the Revision of the “Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines” Simon Eggleston Head Technical Support Unit for the IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme

Content Ø This Talk: üBackground, objectives and scope üOutline of the 2006 IPCC GLs üWork programme Ø More Detailed Presentations: üAFOLU Sector (Leandro Buendia) üEFDB (Tanabe Kiyoto)

Background Ø The “revised” 96 GLs were based on data and knowledge from the beginning of the 1990 s ü Successful but now 10 years old Ø Two Good Practice Guideline reports to complement the 96 GLs (2000 & 2003) Ø We now have ü Experience in use of GLs and GPG ü New scientific and technical developments

Therefore: Ø There is a need for a comprehensive update and revision Ø This could contribute to the future negotiations

Planning for Revision Ø TFB 8/TFB 9/TFB 10 ü first steps towards the revision Ø IPCC Bureau XXVII ü proposal for IPCC XX Ø SBSTA 17 ü invitation to IPCC to revise the 96 GLs by 2006 Ø IPCC XX ü approved the plan for the revision Ø Scoping meeting and TFB 11 ü (both in Geneva in September 2003) Ø TOR, TOC and Work Plan were approved by IPCC XXI (November 2003)

Objectives Ø Revise existing guidelines based on: üExisting GL and GPG reports üIPCC Emission Factor Database üExperience and feedback in using guidelines as well as experience from UNFCCC inventory reviews (e. g. FCCC/SBSTA/2003/INF. 10) üImprovements in scientific and technical knowledge since mid 1990 s

General Approach Ø 96 GLs and GPGs to be initially merged into one report Ø Recent advances in science as well as experience in use of the guidelines and results of the UNFCCC inventory reviews will be taken into account (such as; FCCC/SBSTA/2003/INF. 10) A key principle will be to approach the revision with flexibility but to maintain the existing structure as much as possible to facilitate the job of inventory preparers (evolution not revolution)

Scope of Gases Ø Current coverage: ü CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, HFCs, PFCs and SF 6 (direct GHGs) ü NOx, CO and NMVOCs and SO 2 (indirect GHG; precursors) Ø The 2006 Guidelines will cover these. Ø What About new gases?

Developments since 1997/2000 Ø Vol. 1, IPCC 3 rd Assessment Report (TAR) ü “new” gases (i. e. not in SAR, e. g. halo-ethers) ü improved scientific understanding of atmospheric chemistry, including lifetimes and GWPs of GHGs. Ø Demands by Parties to the UNFCCC (e. g. FCCC/SBSTA/2003/MISC. 3) Ø Development of Guidelines by other organizations (e. g. EMEP/CORINAIR)

Candidate new gases for inclusion Ø new halogenated direct GHGs ü e. g. halo-ethers, NF 3, SF 5 CF 3, Ø other indirect GHGs ü e. g. H 2 Ø other precursors and substances ü e. g. NH 3, aerosols

Criteria for inclusion of a new gas Ø Scoping Meeting (Geneva, September 2003) agreed criteria for the inclusion of new gases: ü availability of a global warming potential in the TAR ü there are identified anthropogenic sources ü there is a basis for methodological development ü relative importance to the total emissions Ø A need for development for New methods for ozone precursors is not anticipated as these are addressed under other agreements and conventions.

Aerosols Ø Participants of the scoping meeting did not agree on whether or not to include the development of an annex on aerosol methodologies in the terms of reference of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines Ø The item was forwarded for decision to the IPCC Plenary Ø The IPCC Plenary decided, following a suggestion by the IPCC Chair, to convene an expert meeting before the next Panel meeting in 2004.

2006 GLs - Aerosols Ø Aerosols (black carbon, organic carbon and mineral dust…) ü Not included in current outline ü Expert meeting in 2004 to assess possible scope (inclusion or non-inclusion) ü IPCC XXII to decide on possible inclusion

2006 GLs – New Sources Ø New Sources will be included if the following criteria are true: ü Basis for methodological development including the ability to develop default emission factors exists ü It is feasible to obtain the necessary data to implement the method ü The source is significant within the sector.

IPCC Emission Factor Database (EFDB) (more by Kiyoto…) Ø Launched at COP 8 – main objective to help inventory compilers, useful also for reviewers and other Ø Main criteria robustness, applicability and traceability (documentation) Ø Includes IPCC Default factors from 96 GLs and GPG 2000; defaults from GPG-LULUCF will be included 2004 Ø Population with new data – input to revision process

Documentation – Default Data Author 1 IPCC Source/Sink Category Fuel 2 (applicable only in the Energy Sector): Gas 3: CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O Value: Unit: Uncertainty (as +/% or 2. 5 and 97. 5 percentiles )4 Applicability 5 – fill in as necessary if data not generally applicable. Describe appropriate Technologies, Practices, Abatement Technologies, Region, and/or Regional Conditions Source of data (chose one) Reference 6 Measurement - Scientific Literature / Other Measurement National Inventory Report / Calculated Based on fuel quality / Expert Judgement

Structure Ø There will be 5 volumes: ü Cross Cutting Issues General Good Practice, Inventory Quality and Reporting ü Energy ü Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) Combining industrial process and solvent and produce use sectors ü Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Combining Agriculture and LULUCF Sectors ü Waste

General Structure – Sectors Ø Methodological Issues ü Choice of Method, including decision trees and definition of tiers. ü Choice of Emission Factor ü Choice of Activity Data ü Completeness ü Developing a Consistent Time Series Ø Uncertainty Assessment ü Emission Factor Uncertainties ü Activity Data Uncertainties Ø Quality Assurance/Quality Control, Completeness, Reporting and Documentation Ø Reporting Tables and worksheets

Volume 1: Cross-Cutting Issues and Reporting Tables Overview ü ü Overview Approaches to Data Collection Uncertainties Methodological Choice and Identification of Key Categories ü Time Series Consistency and Recalculation ü Quality Assurance/Quality Control and Verification ü Reporting Guidance, including Tables

Volume 2: Energy ü Overview and cross-cutting issues ü Reference Approach ü Stationary Combustion ü Mobile Combustion ü Fugitive emissions The coverage of CO 2 storage in will be coordinated with progress on IPCC SR on CO 2 capture and storage -the activities will be integrated as appropriate into the methods presented for source categories where it may occur. Emissions from international aviation and maritime transportation will take into consideration the relevant work of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

Volume 3: Industrial Processes and Product Use ü ü ü ü ü Overview and cross-cutting issues Chemical industry emissions Metal industry emissions Mineral industry emissions Non-energy product and feedstock use of fuels Ozone precursors from industrial processes Other industrial process emissions Solvent and other product use Emissions of Fluorinated Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances Cross-cutting issues (e. g. treatment of feedstocks) with Energy and Waste Sectors – clear guidance on how and where to report. Collaboration with other agreements and initiatives, industry – avoid duplication of work

Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (More by Leandro…) ü Overview and cross-cutting issues ü Consistent Representation of Lands ü Agriculture (incl. rice cultivation, non-CO 2 gases, fertilization/liming). Cropland Grassland Livestock ü Forest lands ü Wetlands Peatlands Flooded lands ü Settlements ü Other land ü Other - HWP (taking into consideration any decision of the COP on this matter)

Volume 5: Waste ü Overview and cross-cutting issues ü Solid Waste Disposal Sites ü Wastewater Handling and Human Sewage ü Waste Incineration Will cover emissions from open burning or waste in SWDS and alternative waste treatments technologies (like anaerobic digestion).

Work plan Ø Selection of Authors early 2004 - Done Ø Authors/Experts meetings between May 2004 – November 2004 - First two already held Ø Ø Ø Consolidation Meeting in January 2005 to prepare FOD First review of FOD in March-April 2005 Meeting in June 2005 to prepare SOD Second review in September-October 2005 Meeting to consider Government Comments Dec 2005 Government consideration in March 2006 Ø Final report for the Panel in April 2006 with a view of presentation of the report at SBSTA 24

Progress so far Ø Authors (CLA & LA) selected Ø Two Meetings for Authors held. ü Volume 1: Cross Cutting, May, Oslo ü Volume 4: AFOLU, June, Mauritius Ø Planning for remaining authors meetings advanced ü IPPU, USA, July ü Energy, Tanzania, September ü Waste, Canada, November

Authors (Coordinating Lead Authors and Lead Authors) International Organisations Total Cross Cutting 16 7 2 1 26 Energy 31 11 5 3 50 IPPU 52 12 2 1 67 AFOLU 45 18 3 3 69 Waste 9 10 1 Total 153 58 13 Countries Developed Developing EIT 20 8 232

Progress Ø Detailed contents for all volumes agreed Ø Draft outline of Volume 1 completed and timetable to complete agreed Ø Detailed contents and tasks to complete Volume 4 agreed

Progress Ø General Guidance to Authors agreed and distributed Ø Guidance on cross-cutting issues agreed and issued ü Only sectorial specific info in sector volumes Ø Cross volume issues identified e. g. ü Feedstock use of fuels (Energy & IPPU) ü Carbon Capture & Storage (Energy, IPPU & Waste)

More information: http: //www. ipcc-nggip. iges. or. jp