Integration of energy crops in agriculture Energy Crops

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Integration of energy crops in agriculture Energy Crops Workshop, Brussels, 30 March 2015 B.

Integration of energy crops in agriculture Energy Crops Workshop, Brussels, 30 March 2015 B. Gabrielle, Agro. Paris. Tech/INRA, Eco. Sys Joint Research Unit, Thiverval-Grignon, France.

Optimizing feedstock supply chains for energy crops: the Logist'EC project

Optimizing feedstock supply chains for energy crops: the Logist'EC project

Background on Logist'EC Project funded under FP 7 (KBBE) Timeframe: 2012 -2016 Budget: 3.

Background on Logist'EC Project funded under FP 7 (KBBE) Timeframe: 2012 -2016 Budget: 3. 5 M€ www. logistec-project. eu

Many avenues for progress Benchmarking Year-round supply Decreased losses Re-growth potential Cropping systems design

Many avenues for progress Benchmarking Year-round supply Decreased losses Re-growth potential Cropping systems design Legumes intercrops Recycling of residues Torrefaction (wet or dry) Pelletization Briquetting Whole rods vs chips Indoor vs outdoor Mechanical drying Storage time Optimal collection & storage points, transportation routes Resource planning

Project Partnership

Project Partnership

Enabling factors for the integration of energy crops High yields (or at least low

Enabling factors for the integration of energy crops High yields (or at least low uncertainty) Competitiveness wrt other crops (opportunity cost) Existence of a market Proven environmental performance Adequate technical know-how (for farmers) Availability of advisory services Community support Stable policy frameworks . . .

A few examples from Logist'EC Feedstock selection Legume intercrops Landscape-scale management Year-round harvesting

A few examples from Logist'EC Feedstock selection Legume intercrops Landscape-scale management Year-round harvesting

Meta-analysis of crop yields to aid in feedstock selection Direct and indirect species comparisons:

Meta-analysis of crop yields to aid in feedstock selection Direct and indirect species comparisons: yield ratios of candidate energy crops compared to Miscanthus x giganteus (Laurent et al. , in press)

Introducing environmental criteria Global warming potential expressed in kg CO 2 eq. per k.

Introducing environmental criteria Global warming potential expressed in kg CO 2 eq. per k. Wh equivalent from cradle to field gate for 60 energy crop systems (circle); Perrin et al. , 2015.

Perennial crops are less CO 2 intensive than annual crops Modelled biomass yields and

Perennial crops are less CO 2 intensive than annual crops Modelled biomass yields and N 2 O emissions for 3 energy crops in 2 regions of France (Burgundy and Picardy ; Dufossé et al, in revision) sorghum Miscanthus Spring harvest Miscanthus Autumn harvest Dry matter yields (t DM ha-1 yr-1) 11

Inter-cropping saves inputs and costs Production costs for legume/grass intercrops in France (Pelzer et

Inter-cropping saves inputs and costs Production costs for legume/grass intercrops in France (Pelzer et al. , 1 st annual meeting, Logist'EC project, June 2013)

Scaling up to feedstock supply-area level Prediction of potential miscanthus plots in Burdungy (left,

Scaling up to feedstock supply-area level Prediction of potential miscanthus plots in Burdungy (left, Rizzo & Wohlfahrt, 2014) and modelledd yields in the region (right). Yields (t. DM ha -1) Dufossé et al. , SETAC Conference, 2013

Double harvests of giant reed Dry matter yield of a Giant reed plot harvested

Double harvests of giant reed Dry matter yield of a Giant reed plot harvested either once in autumn or twice in early summer and autumn (source : G. Ragaglini, SSSA)

How about real-life implementation ? Miajadas power station, Spain (Acciona Energia; (c) V. Troillard,

How about real-life implementation ? Miajadas power station, Spain (Acciona Energia; (c) V. Troillard, INRA Transfert)

Thank you for your attention Acknowledgments : Chantal Loyce, Elise Pelzer, Giorgio Ragaglini, Karine

Thank you for your attention Acknowledgments : Chantal Loyce, Elise Pelzer, Giorgio Ragaglini, Karine Dufossé, Anabelle Laurent. Correspondance: Benoît GABRIELLE benoit. gabrielle@agroparistech. fr