Instructional Design Instructional Design n Maximise the effectiveness

Instructional Design

Instructional Design n Maximise the effectiveness, efficiency and appeal of instruction and other learning experiences.

Instructional Design n The process consists of determining the current state and needs of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some "intervention" to assist in the transition.

Instructional Design n The outcome of this instruction may be directly observable and scientifically measured or completely hidden and assumed.

Lev Vygotsky n n Born Nov 17 1896 Died June 11, 1934 Bron in Orsha, in the Russian Empire (today in Belarus). a Soviet psychologist and the founder of cultural-historical psychology.

Zone of Proximal Development n n Vygotsky’s term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for the student to master alone but that can be learned with guidance and assistance of adults or moreskilled children. The lower limit of ZPD is the level of skill reached by the child working independently. The upper limit is the level of additional responsibility the child can accept with the assistance of an able instructor. Scaffolding is changing the level of support. Over the course of a teaching session, a more-skilled person adjusts the amount of guidance to fit the child’s current performance

Types of Teaching Environment

Conversation Interaction Collaboration Motivation Traditional

Mobility Tracking Globalisation Flexibility On-Line

Traditional On-Line Conversation Mobility Interaction Tracking Collaboration Motivation Globalisation Flexibility Blended Learning

Instructional Design n We can divide models of instructional design broadly into two categories ¡ ¡ MACRO: Models which concern themselves with the design and planning of an entire module or programme MICRO: Models which concern themselves with the design and planning of an individual lecture or teaching session